带线锚钉修复三角韧带损伤的效果及对患者踝关节功能的影响

目的:研究带线锚钉修复三角韧带损伤在踝关节骨折内固定治疗中的作用及对踝关节功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析2012年9月至2016年8月本院收治的72例裸关节骨折并三角韧带损伤患者并且行切开复位钢板置入内固定,及采取带线锚钉内固定方式修复三角韧带损伤视为观察组;另选取同期在本院进行踝关节骨折内固定治疗但不修复三角韧带的72例患者视为对照组。分析患者治疗前、治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月踝关节功能恢复情况,观察患侧内踝间隙和不良反应。结果:观察组在治疗后1个月、3个月、6个月的AOFAS评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。观察组在治疗后6个月后的患侧内踝间隙显著小于对照组(P0.05)。结论:带线锚钉修复三角韧带损伤在踝关节骨折内固定治疗中,可明显降低患侧内踝间隙距离,可促进患者踝关节功能恢复,无严重不良反应,值得进一步广泛推广使用。     

柱层析法纯化人血纤维蛋白原及其药理功能研究

目的:探讨层析法新工艺和原有的低温乙醇工艺制备纤维蛋白原在大鼠跟腱断裂模型中促恢复的效果差异。方法:构建大鼠跟腱部位断裂模型,将其分为空白组(未剪跟腱)、模型组(跟腱断裂未给药)、实验组(自制纤维蛋白原2 mg/mL)与对照组(市售纤维蛋白原2 mg/mL),观察各组大鼠在手术后三周跟腱部位的最大滑动距离、弹性模量和最大抗拉力差异。结果:采用冷沉淀溶解、酸沉除杂、S/D灭活病毒、MacroCap Q柱层析、过滤等流程可从人血浆冷沉淀组分Ⅰ中成功分离纯度为90.9%纤维蛋白原。试验中构建的大鼠跟腱部位断裂模型无感染、且均存活至试验终止。生物力学结果显示,四组大鼠跟腱在最大滑行距离上无明显统计学差异(P0.05);在跟腱部位弹性模量及最大抗压力比较上,实验组及对照组均优于模型组,但与空白组仍有一定差距,且差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:采用柱层析法分离人纤维蛋白原,不仅能有效提高分离效率,减少蛋白损失,还可增强纤维蛋白原在断裂跟腱中的促恢复效果。     

不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂疗效及预后分析

目的:比较不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂患者的疗效及对患者远期预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析我院2010年3月~2015年10月收治的120例颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受显微手术夹闭治疗,按手术时机分为超早期组(24 h,n=43)、早期组(24-72 h,n=36)、延期组(≥10 d,n=41),比较各组术后颅内动脉栓塞改善程度,统计各组术中及术后并发症发生情况,采用格拉斯哥量表(GOC)评定患者术后恢复情况,采用改良Rankin(m RS)表评定患者远期预后。结果:超早期组完全栓塞率略高于早期组、延期组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);超早期组术中、术后各并发症发生率略低于早期组、延期组,但对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后6、12、24个月,超早期组、延期组GOS评分高于早期组、m RS评分低于早期组,超早期组GOS评分高于延期组,m RS评分低于延期组(P0.05)。结论:不同手术时机治疗颅内前循环动脉瘤破裂手术效果无明显差异,但超早期、延期手术患者术后恢复及预后评分稍优于早期手术。     

NEIL3-Dependent Regulation of Cardiac Fibroblast Proliferation Prevents Myocardial Rupture

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禄丰古猿前部牙齿的釉面横纹与牙冠形成时间

釉面横纹的数目可用于推断个体牙齿的牙冠形成时间,在生长发育研究中具有重要的意义。本研究运用数码体视显微镜和扫描电镜观察了云南石灰坝禄丰禄丰古猿(简称禄丰古猿)30枚齿冠完整的前部牙齿,包括上下颌中门齿6枚、侧门齿10枚和犬齿14枚。根据唇侧面釉面横纹计数的观察结果,分别以7天和9天芮氏线生长周期,估算各齿型的牙冠形成时间,结果显示:以生长周期7天计算,中门齿牙冠形成时间约为3.6-4.1年,侧门齿牙冠形成时间约为2.7-3.7年,犬齿牙冠形成时间约为4.2-7.0;以生长周期9天计算,中门齿牙冠形成时间约为4.4-5.2年,侧门齿牙冠形成时间约为3.4-4.7年,犬齿牙冠形成时间约为5.2-8.8年。为更深入地了解禄丰古猿牙冠形成时间在不同齿型及性别间足否存在明显差异,本文用SPSS软件对其进行显著性差异检验。采用小样本平均值的t值假设检验(置信区间为95%),结果如下:禄丰古猿前部牙齿的牙冠形成时间在各类牙齿的上下颌中不存在显著性差异;犬齿牙冠形成时间存在非常显著的性别差异,雄性牙冠形成时间明显长于雌性,侧门齿也存在显著的性别差异,而中门齿性别间则无显著性差异。此外对禄丰古猿中门齿,侧门齿和犬齿的牙冠形成时间进行单因素方差分析并两两对比,结果显示中门齿与侧门齿的牙冠形成时间不存在显著性差异,而犬齿与中门齿和侧门齿均存在显著性差异,犬齿牙冠形成时间明显长于门齿。同时也对禄丰古猿前部牙齿的牙冠形成时间与齿冠高进行相关性分析,其结果表明两者有显著的正相关性。将禄丰古猿与其他古猿和现生大猿、南方古猿以及人属成员进行对比,结果显示其前部牙齿牙冠形成时间长于原修康尔猿、南方古猿、傍人、人属成员,接近于蝴蝶禄丰古猿和大猩猩,而明显小于黑猩猩、华南化石猩猩及现生猩猩。     

Evolution of Otx paralogue usages in early patterning of the vertebrate head

To assess evolutional changes in the expression pattern of Otx paralogues, expression analyses were undertaken in fugu, bichir, skate and lamprey. Together with those in model vertebrates, the comparison suggested that a gnathostome ancestor would have utilized all of Otx1, Otx2 and Otx5 paralogues in organizer and anterior mesendoderm for head development. In this animal, Otx1 and Otx2 would have also functioned in specification of the anterior neuroectoderm at presomite stage and subsequent development of forebrain/midbrain at somite stage, while Otx5 expression would have already been specialized in epiphysis and eyes. Otx1 and Otx2 functions in anterior neuroectoderm and brain of the gnathostome ancestor would have been differentially maintained by Otx1 in a basal actinopterygian and by Otx2 in a basal sarcopterygian. Otx5 expression in head organizer and anterior mesendoderm seems to have been lost in the teleost lineage after divergence of bichir, and also from the amniotes after divergence of amphibians as independent events. Otx1 expression was lost from the organizer in the tetrapod lineage. In contrast, in a teleost ancestor prior to whole genome duplication, Otx1 and Otx2 would have both been expressed in the dorsal margin of blastoderm, embryonic shield, anterior mesendoderm, anterior neuroectoderm and forebrain/midbrain, at respective stages of head development. Subsequent whole genome duplication and the following genome changes would have caused different Otx paralogue usages in each teleost lineage. Lampreys also have three Otx paralogues; their sequences are highly diverged from gnathostome cognates, but their expression pattern is well related to those of skate Otx cognates.     

Mesenchymal stem cells and collagen patches for anterior cruciate ligament repair

AIM: To investigate collagen patches seeded with mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) and/or tenocytes(TCs) with regards to their suitability for anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) repair. METHODS: Dynamic intraligamentary stabilization utilizes a dynamic screw system to keep ACL remnants in place and promote biological healing, supplemented by collagen patches. How these scaffolds interact with cells and what type of benefit they provide has not yet been investigated in detail. Primary ACL-derived TCs and human bone marrow derived MSCs were seeded onto two different types of 3D collagen scaffolds, Chondro-Gide?(CG) and Novocart?(NC). Cells were seeded onto the scaffolds and cultured for 7 d either as a pure populations or as "premix" containing a 1:1 ratio of TCs to MSCs. Additionally, as controls, cells were seeded in monolayers and in co-cultures on both sides of porous high-density membrane inserts(0.4 μm). We analyzed the patches by real time polymerase chain reaction, glycosaminoglycan(GAG), DNA and hydroxyproline(HYP) content. To determine cell spreading and adherence in the scaffolds microscopic imaging techniques, i.e., confocal laser scanning microscopy(c LSM) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), were applied.RESULTS: CLSM and SEM imaging analysis confirmed cell adherence onto scaffolds. The metabolic cell activity revealed that patches promote adherence and proliferation of cells. The most dramatic increase in absolute metabolic cell activity was measured for CG samples seeded with tenocytes or a 1:1 cell premix. Analysis of DNA content and c LSM imaging also indicated MSCs were not proliferating as nicely as tenocytes on CG. The HYP to GAG ratio significantly changed for the premix group, resulting from a slightly lower GAG content, demonstrating that the cells are modifying the underlying matrix. Real-time quantitativepolymerase chain reaction data indicated that MSCs showed a trend of differentiation towards a more tenogenic-like phenotype after 7 d.CONCLUSION: CG and NC are both cyto-compatible with primary MSCs and TCs; TCs seemed to perform better on these collagen patches than MSCs.