急性缺血性脑卒中患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与病情严重程度和预后的关系研究

目的:探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者血清半乳糖凝集素3(GAL3)、血清趋化因子12(CXCL12)水平与病情严重程度和预后的关系。方法:选取成都市第五人民医院于2016年2月～2018年9月期间接收的AIS患者138例为观察组,另选取同期来该院行健康体检的志愿者60例为对照组。其中观察组根据美国国立卫生研究所中风量表(NIHSS)评分分为轻症组(n=42,4分),中症组(n=61,4～15分),重症组(n=35,15分),根据改良RABKIN量表(m RS)评分分为预后良好组(n=82)和预后不良组(n=56)。比较对照组、观察组的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平,分析不同NIHSS得分、不同预后的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平,采用Pearson相关性分析血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与NIHSS评分、m RS评分的相关性。结果:观察组血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。重症组、中症组AIS患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平高于轻症组,且重症组高于中症组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。预后不良组的AIS患者血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果可知,血清GAL3、CXCL12水平与NIHSS评分、m RS评分均呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:AIS患者的血清GAL3、CXCL12水平均异常升高,且其升高程度与AIS患者病情严重程度及预后息息相关。     

55岁以下急性冠状动脉综合征的影响因素分析

目的:探究55岁以下急性冠状动脉综合征(Acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者的影响因素。方法:选择2010年3月至2013年3月于我院就诊的180例55岁以下ACS患者为研究对象,按照其性别将其区分为男性组(101例)和女性组(79例)。收集和比较两组患者一般临床资料,血清血红蛋白(Hemoglobin,HGB)、甘油三酯(Triglyceride,TG)、胆固醇(Cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(High density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、血尿酸水平。对两组患者进行5年随访,对比两组患者心血管不良事件(Major adverse cardiovas-cular events,MACE)的发生率、死亡率及再发病率。结果:(1)女性组平均发病年龄高于男性组,女性组伴发高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中比率高于男性组,男性组吸烟史比率高于女性组(P<0.05),两组BMI、心血管病家族史对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)女性组TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C水平均高于男性组(P<0.05),女性组血尿酸水平低于男性组(P<0.05);(3)对比5年预后,男性组MACE发生率为9.90%(10/101),女性组MACE发生率为11.39%(9/79),男性组死亡率为1.98%(2/101),女性组为1.27%(1/79),再发病率男性组为5.94%(6/101),女性组为6.33%(5/79),两组上述指标对比差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:女性ACS患者发病年龄高于男性患者,糖尿病、高血压等病对女性患者影响更为明显,而吸烟则对男性影响更大,女性ACS患者血脂、血尿酸等指标异常程度甚于男性患者,但女性与男性患者远期预后相当。     

Impact of preconditioning stem cells with all-trans retinoic acid signaling pathway on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by down-regulation of TGFβ1, IL-6, and caspase-3 and up-regulation of HIF1α and VEGF

The survival reduction after transplantation limited the clinical uses of stem cells so the current study explored preconditioning adipose-derived stem cells (ADMSCs) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) effects on cisplatin that caused acute kidney injury (AKI). One hundred and fifty Sprague–Dawley male rats were distributed into five groups: control group; Cisplatin (CIS) group; CIS and ATRA group; CIS and ADMSC group, and CIS, ATRA, and ADMSCs group. Ten rats were euthanized after 3rd, 7th, and 11th days from CIS injection. Renal function, molecular studies, and histopathological analysis were studied. The preconditioning of ADMSCs with ATRA increased the viability of the cells which was reflected in the amelioration of kidney functions after CIS injection by the significant reduction of serum creatinine, microalbuminuria, as well as NO, and the significant rise of creatinine clearance, as well as SOD compared to the group of cisplatin. ATRA also supported ADMSCs by a significant down-regulation of caspase-3, il-6 and TGFβ1, and a significant up-regulation of HIF1, VEGF and CD31 compared to group of cisplatin which reversed the cisplatin effect. ATRA increased renoprotective properties of ADMSCs against cisplatin- induced AKI by reducing the apoptosis, inflammation, and stimulating angiogenesis.     

Factores de riesgo asociados a fallecimiento por la variante ómicron de COVID-19: análisis retrospectivo con personas mayores de Canarias

Background and aimsSince the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the elderly population has had the highest rates of complications and mortality. This study aimed to determine the influence of different risk factors on deaths due to the Omicron variant in the Canary Islands.Materials and methodsA retrospective observational study of 16,998 cases of COVID-19 over 40 years of age was conducted in the Canary Islands between August 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. We extracted sociodemographic data (age and sex) and clinical data (death, vaccination history, hospital admission, previous diseases, and treatments).ResultsAmong the deaths, there was a higher proportion of males aged over 70 years, with diabetes, cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, and systemic diseases, and nursing home residents. Significant differences were observed in the number of doses of the vaccine. The multiple regression model showed that male sex (OR [95% CI] = 1.92 [1.42–2.58]), age (70–79 years, 9.11 [4.27–19.43]; 80–89 years, 21.72 [10.40–45.36]; 90–99 years, 66.24 [31.03–141.38]; 100 years or older, 69.22 [12.97–369.33]), being unvaccinated (6.96, [4.01–12.08]), or having the last dose administered at least 12 months before the diagnosis (2.38, [1.48–3.81]) were significantly associated with mortality.ConclusionsMultiple factors may increase the risk of mortality due to COVID-19 in the elderly population. In our study, we found that only three predictors can effectively explain the variability: older age, male sex, and not being vaccinated or last vaccination date prior to one year.     

急性脑梗死并发肺部感染患者预后及危险因素分析

目的分析急性脑梗死并发肺部感染患者病原菌分布、病原菌耐药性、患者用药特征及其危险因素。方法选取2015年3月至2017年3月在我院急诊科进行住院治疗,且年龄60岁的急性脑梗死并发肺部感染患者60例为研究对象,对患者的一般资料及病原菌分布情况、耐药情况和患者用药情况进行分析。结果 60例患者中有30例出现肺部感染,感染率为50.00%。肺部感染患者中死亡4例。肺部感染患者痰液中共培养出28株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌21株,革兰阳性菌5株,真菌2株。30例肺部感染患者共使用6种抗感染药物,其中哌拉西林/舒巴坦的使用频率最高,其次为依替米星及美罗培南。Logistic回归分析显示,病原菌分布、耐药情况和患者用药情况与患者的预后存在相关性。结论急性脑梗死并发肺部感染患者的病原菌分布、耐药情况及患者用药情况与患者的预后密切相关,应针对上述因素给予患者合理的治疗。     

乌司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎的临床疗效及机制研究

目的:探讨乌司他丁对急性胰腺炎患者的临床疗效及可能机制。方法:收集我院收治的重症急性胰腺炎患者66例,随机分为实验组和对照组。所有患者均给予禁食水、充分补液、纠正电解质紊乱等常规支持对症治疗。对照组予奥曲肽,实验组予乌司他丁,共治疗7天。测定两组患者治疗前、后各血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平;治疗前、治疗第1、3天及治疗后进行血常规检测,观察白细胞计数(WBC),并进行血淀粉酶(AMS)、尿淀粉酶(UAMY)测定;分别记录两组患者临床症状及体征恢复时间,判定临床疗效。结果:1治疗后,两组患者血清IL-6、IL-8及TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);2治疗后,两组患者白细胞计数及血、尿淀粉酶水平均较治疗前明显下降,且实验组较对照组下降更明显(P0.05);3治疗后,实验组各项临床症状及体征消失时间均明显短于对照组(P0.05)。结论:乌司他丁可有效改善急性胰腺胰腺炎患者的各项临床症状,这可能与其显著降低其血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、淀粉酶水平、白细胞计数及尿淀粉酶水平有关。     

Propofol prevents lung injury after intestinal ischemia–reperfusion by inhibiting the interaction between mast cell activation and oxidative stress

Aims

Both mast cells and oxidative stress are involved in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intestinal ischemia–reperfusion (IIR). The aim of this study was to investigate whether propofol could improve IIR-induced ALI through inhibiting their interaction.

Main methods

Repetitive, brief IIR or IIR + compound 48/80 was performed in adult Sprague–Dawley rats pretreated with saline, apocynin or propofol. And their lungs were excised for histology, ELISA and protein-expression measurements 2 h after reperfusion.

Key findings

Rats pretreated with saline developed critical ALI 2 h after IIR. We found significant elevations in lung injury scores, lung wet/dry ratio and gp91phox, p47phox, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 protein expressions and higher level of malondialdehyde, interleukin-6 contents, and myeloperoxidase activities, as well as significant reductions in superoxide dismutase activities, accompanied with increases in mast cell degranulation evidenced by significant increases in mast cell counts, β-hexosaminidase concentrations, and tryptase expression. And the lung injury was aggravated in the presence of compound 48/80. However, pretreated with propofol and apocynin not only ameliorated the IIR-mediated pulmonary changes beyond the biochemical changes but also reversed the changes that were aggravated by compound 48/80.

Significance

Propofol protects against IIR-mediated ALI, most likely by inhibiting the interaction between oxidative stress and mast cell degranulation.     

血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、sTREM-1、IL-33水平与脓毒症严重程度及与合并急性肾损伤关系的临床分析

目的:探讨脓毒症患者血清肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子(Tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor,TRAF)-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白(Monocyte chemotactic protein,MCP)-1、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体(Soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor,s TREM)-1、白介素(Interleukin,IL)-33水平的变化及与病情严重程度及合并急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury, AKI)的相关性。方法:选择2014年2月到2018年7月在我医院ICU病房进行诊治的脓毒症患者145例,分析脓毒症相关性急性肾损伤(sepsis-associated AKI,SAKI)的发生情况,比较SAKI和非SAKI患者血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平,采用Pearson相关分析血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33含量与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分的相关性,多因素logistic回归分析脓毒症患者发生SAKI的影响因素。结果:在145例患者中,发生SAKI者69例,发生率为47.6%。SAKI组患者的年龄、性别、原发病、白细胞(white blood cell,WBC)计数、C反应蛋白(C reactive protein,CRP)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、体重指数、BUN、Scr与eGFR值与非SAKI组患者对比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。SAKI组患者APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33含水平含量均显著高于非SAKI组患者(P0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平与SAKI患者的急性生理和慢性健康Ⅱ(acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II,APACHEⅡ)评分、序贯多器官功能障碍(sequential organ failure assessment,SOFA)评分均呈显著正相关性(P0.05)。logistic回归分析显示血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平升高均为影响SAKI发生的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:血清TRAF-6、MCP-1、s TREM-1、IL-33水平与脓毒症严重程度显著相关,可能作为诊断和治疗SAKI的参考指标及干预靶点。     

Potential advantages of acute kidney injury management by mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells are currently considered as a promising tool for therapeutic application in acute kidney injury (AKI) management. AKI is characterized by acute tubular injury with rapid loss of renal function. After AKI, inflammation, oxidative stress and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix are the molecular events that ultimately cause the end-stage renal disease. Despite numerous improvement of supportive therapy, the mortality and morbidity among patients remain high. Therefore, exploring novel therapeutic options to treat AKI is mandatory. Numerous evidence in animal models has demonstrated the capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to restore kidney function after induced kidney injury. After infusion, MSCs engraft in the injured tissue and release soluble factors and microvesicles that promote cell survival and tissue repairing. Indeed, the main mechanism of action of MSCs in tissue regeneration is the paracrine/endocrine secretion of bioactive molecules. MSCs can be isolated from several tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and blood cord; pre-treatment procedures to improve MSCs homing and their paracrine function have been also described. This review will focus on the application of cell therapy in AKI and it will summarize preclinical studies in animal models and clinical trials currently ongoing about the use of mesenchymal stem cells after AKI.     

急性冠脉综合征患者发生冠脉血管完全闭塞病变的影响因素分析

目的:探讨急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者发生冠脉血管完全闭塞病变的影响因素。方法:从2013年在我院诊断为ACS且行冠状动脉造影检查患者中随机筛选出120例患者为研究对象,记录其基线及临床资料,回顾其造影图像,计算SYNTAX积分,根据是否存在完全闭塞病变分组,分析慢性完全闭塞病变的影响因素。结果:与不完全闭塞病变组相比,完全闭塞病变组吸烟(61.1%,P=0.041)、糖尿病(35.2%,P=0.025)、高脂血症(55.6%,P=0.033)发生率高,入院静息心率(77.07±11.99,P=0.023)高,中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio,NLR)水平(8.69±9.46,P0.001)显著升高,左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)(50.39±8.36,P=0.001)显著降低。多因素分析显示年龄(P=0.043)、急性心梗(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)的发生(P=0.003)、LVEF(P=0.002)、NLR(P=0.002)、脂蛋白(a)(P=0.039)、SYNTAX积分(P=0.002)和完全闭塞病变独立正相关。结论:ACS患者发生慢性完全闭塞病变与年龄、静息心率、吸烟史、高脂血症相关,与冠脉病变复杂程度、左室功能下降密切相关。NLR作为新型炎症标志之一,可预测ACS患者完全闭塞病变。