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Actinobacteria的分离与鉴别 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Actinobacteria classis nov.一般包括具有超过50%G+C的DNA碱基组成的微生物。实验中在分土培养基中,添加了Nalidixic acid及Aztreonam和Benlate,从4份土壤样品中,共分离得到64株细菌。革兰氏阳性细菌共计56株,占所分离菌株的87.5%。任意挑选其中的革兰氏阳性细菌,选用以高G+C含量革兰氏阳性细胞为靶点的PHGC探针及PNHGC对照探针,并联合使用我们自行设计的适用于Actonobacteria的PA-1和PA-2探针进行初筛菌株的鉴别。综合4种探针的FISH的结果,我们可以判定在31株分离株中,有22株Acti-nobacteria,6株低G+C含量革兰氏阳性细菌,其它3株则不易判定。DNA G+C含量的测定结果表明,所建立的FISH方法可作为鉴别Actinobacteria的一种手段,它具有完整、准确和直观的优点。 相似文献
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Nassira Boukaya Miyada Zamoum Fawzia Chaabane Chaouch Nasserdine Sabaou Florence Mathieu 《Biocontrol Science and Technology》2018,28(9):858-873
Sixteen actinobacterial strains isolated from various ecological niches in the Algerian Sahara were screened for their biocontrol potential in root rot disease caused by Fusarium culmorum and their promotion of durum wheat growth. All actinobacteria were studied for in vitro antagonistic activity and plant-growth-promotion traits, for the production of cyanhydric acid, siderophores, chitinases and indole-3-acetic acid, and for the solubilisation of inorganic phosphate. Strongly antagonistic actinobacteria were selected for the biocontrol of F. culmorum in vivo and for the growth promotion of durum wheat plants in autoclaved and non-autoclaved soils. The Streptosporangium becharense strain SG1 exhibited remarkable positive results in all trials. Compared to untreated wheat seeds, the root rot severity index was decreased significantly (P?0.05) by all seed bacterization treatments. However, the highest protective effect was obtained by the strain SG1, which reduced the disease severity index from 77.8% to 16%, whereas it was only reduced to 24.2% by chemical seed treatment with Dividend®. Moreover, strain SG1 led to significant increases in the shoot length, root length and dry weight of plants, thus opening up interesting perspectives for possible exploration in crop enhancement. 相似文献
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Hongchen Jiang Christina Z. Dong Qiuyuan Huang Genhou Wang Bin Fang Chuanlun Zhang 《Geomicrobiology journal》2013,30(6):520-527
The diversity and community composition of Actinobacteria in microbial mats of five Tibetan hot springs (temperatures 26°C to 81°C) and a sympatric soil were investigated with 16S rRNA gene phylogentic analysis. A total of 278 clones were obtained. The actinobacterial communities in the Tibetan hot springs were diverse, and most of the retrieved clones were affiliated with Actinobacteridae, Acidimicrobidae, and unclassified Actinobacteria. The Actinobacteridae sequences were distributed into seven suborders (e.g., Frankineae, Corynebacterineae, Micromonosporineae, Pseudonocardineae, Propionibacterineae, Micrococcineae, and Actinomycineae) and unclassified Actinobacteridae. The actinobacterial composition varied among different hot springs. Statistical analysis showed that the actinobacterial diversity in the investigated Tibetan hot springs was not significantly correlated with temperature, suggesting that temperature is not a key factor in shaping the actinobacterial diversity in hot springs. 相似文献
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Sarahi L Garcia Katherine D McMahon Manuel Martinez-Garcia Abhishek Srivastava Alexander Sczyrba Ramunas Stepanauskas Hans-Peter Grossart Tanja Woyke Falk Warnecke 《The ISME journal》2013,7(1):137-147
Actinobacteria within the acI lineage are often numerically dominating in freshwater ecosystems, where they can account for >50% of total bacteria in the surface water. However, they remain uncultured to date. We thus set out to use single-cell genomics to gain insights into their genetic make-up, with the aim of learning about their physiology and ecological niche. A representative from the highly abundant acI-B1 group was selected for shotgun genomic sequencing. We obtained a draft genomic sequence in 75 larger contigs (sum=1.16 Mb), with an unusually low genomic G+C mol% (∼42%). Actinobacteria core gene analysis suggests an almost complete genome recovery. We found that the acI-B1 cell had a small genome, with a rather low percentage of genes having no predicted functions (∼15%) as compared with other cultured and genome-sequenced microbial species. Our metabolic reconstruction hints at a facultative aerobe microorganism with many transporters and enzymes for pentoses utilization (for example, xylose). We also found an actinorhodopsin gene that may contribute to energy conservation under unfavorable conditions. This project reveals the metabolic potential of a member of the global abundant freshwater Actinobacteria. 相似文献
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Marta A. Polti Mariana C. AtjiánMaría J. Amoroso Carlos M. Abate 《International biodeterioration & biodegradation》2011,65(8):1175-1181
The aim of this work was to evaluate a strategy to reduce the bioavailable chromium fraction in soil, using a Cr(VI) resistant microorganism, Streptomyces sp. MC1, under non sterile conditions, with maize plants as bioindicator and/or bioremediator.Soil samples were contaminated with 100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1 of Cr(VI) or Cr(III). Bioavailable chromium (35%) was only detected in samples with Cr(VI). Soil samples with Cr(VI) 200 mg kg−1 were inoculated with Streptomyces sp. MC1, and bioavailable chromium decreased up to 73%.Zea mays seedlings were planted in soil samples contaminated with chromium. Plantlets accumulated chromium mainly as Cr(III), and biomass decreased up to 88%. Streptomyces sp. MC1 was inoculated in soil samples contaminated with 200 mg kg−1 of Cr(VI) and Z.mays seedlings were planted.Streptomyces sp. MC1 caused Z.mays biomass increase (57%), chromium accumulation and bioavailable chromium decreased up to 46% and 96%, respectively.This work constitutes the first contribution of cooperative action between actinobacteria and Z.mays in the bioremediation of Cr(VI) contaminated soil. The large removal capacity of bioavailable chromium by Streptomyces sp. MC1 and Z.mays infers that they could be successfully applied together in bioremediation of soils contaminated with Cr(VI). 相似文献
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目的对云南富宁磁铁矿矿区样品中可培养细菌进行分离并对其多样性进行了初步研究。方法采集云南富宁磁铁矿矿区土样和矿石样,采用固体肉汤培养基、卵黄培养基及PYGV培养基分离该矿区环境中的可培养细菌,利用16SrRNA基因序列分析构建系统发育树,并统计不同种属细菌的数量,初步评估细菌多样性。结果富宁磁铁矿矿区环境细菌的主要种群包括厚壁菌门、放线菌门和变形菌门的不同菌属:芽孢杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、节杆菌属和假单胞菌属的菌株,其中抗逆性较强的优势菌群为厚壁菌门的芽孢杆菌。结论本研究初步表明富宁磁铁矿矿区可培养细菌种类具有一定的多样性。 相似文献
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Esther García-Fernández Francisco Javier Medrano Beatriz Galán José Luis García 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2014,289(25):17576-17588
Cholesterol degradation plays a prominent role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection; therefore, to develop new tools to combat this disease, we need to decipher the components comprising and regulating the corresponding pathway. A TetR-like repressor (KstR) regulates the upper part of this complex catabolic pathway, but the induction mechanism remains unknown. Using a biophysical approach, we have discovered that the inducer molecule of KstR in M. smegmatis mc2155 is not cholesterol but 3-oxo-4-cholestenoic acid, one of the first metabolic intermediates. Binding this compound induces dramatic conformational changes in KstR that promote the KstR-DNA interaction to be released from the operator, retaining its dimeric state. Our findings suggest a regulatory model common to all cholesterol degrading bacteria in which the first steps of the pathway are critical to its mineralization and explain the high redundancy of the enzymes involved in these initial steps. 相似文献