‘LD-1'砧米良一号猕猴桃的耐涝性

猕猴桃是一类不耐涝的植物,为了解决猕猴桃的涝害问题,吉首大学近年来尝试用‘LD-1’作为猕猴桃的耐涝性砧木。该研究以米良一号实生苗砧米良一号猕猴桃和‘LD-1’砧米良一号猕猴桃为材料,观测根系淹水后叶片可溶性糖含量、丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量、SOD 活性和形态的变化规律,探讨了‘LD-1’砧米良一号猕猴桃的耐涝性。结果表明：(1)米良一号实生苗砧米良一号猕猴桃根系淹水后,可溶性糖含量6 d 后极显著(P<0.01)升高;丙二醛含量8 d 后显著(P<0.05)升高;叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白质含量没有显著变化;SOD 活性6 d 后显著(P<0.05)升高,8 d 后不再有显著变化;叶片2 d 后出现轻度萎蔫,10 d后全部枯死。(2)‘LD-1’砧米良一号猕猴桃根系淹水后,可溶性糖的含量4 d 后显著(P<0.05)升高;丙二醛含量、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白质含量和 SOD 活性无显著变化;叶片10 d 后未出现显著的萎蔫和枯死现象,30 d 后仍正常。这说明米良一号实生苗砧米良一号猕猴桃耐涝性较弱,‘LD-1’砧米良一号猕猴桃耐涝性较强,‘LD-1’作砧木显著增强了米良一号猕猴桃的耐涝性。该研究结果为‘LD-1’在米良一号猕猴桃栽培上的应用提供了依据。     

猕猴桃嫁接试验

本文报道猕猴桃不同嫁接时期、嫁接方法和不同分类群的砧木试验结果,猕猴桃最适宜的嫁接时期是落叶后至翌年萌芽前,嫁接方法以切接为好,嫁接成活率均在90％以上。同种和同一分类群的砧穗间有良好的亲和力,嫁接均有较高的成活率。不同分类群间嫁接效果较差,如中华猕猴桃桂海4号嫁接于中华猕猴桃砧木上的成活率,生长情况均比嫁接其它分类群为砧的有显著差异。     

猕猴桃种子发芽试验报告

报道在桂林的条件下猕猴桃属几个主要种类的不同的播种期、贮藏方法、药剂处理等发芽试验的结果:1.中华猕猴桃以三月中旬至四月巾旬为适宜的播种期.此时播种的发芽率为21.75—54.67％;2.沙贮猕猴桃种子可保持较高的发芽率,比袋藏的高7.5—54.75％;3.猕猴桃种子播种前以激动素处理有较高的发芽率,比对照高38.06—48.02％。     

The role of light and CO2 in optimising the conditions for shoot proliferation of Actinidia deliciosa in vitro

Proliferating cultures of Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev., C. F. Liang and A. R. Ferguson cv. Tomuri (♂) were grown under photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) rates ranging from 30 to 250 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ in order to determine certain physiological parameters in vitro: CO₂ evolution, photosynthesis at three CO₂ atmospheric concentrations (330, 1450 and 4500 μl l⁻¹), fresh and dry matter accumulation and proliferation rate.
A proportional response in dry weight, dry/fresh weight ratios and PPFD was found. The proliferation rate increased up to 120 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ but decreased at higher rates. At the highest PPFD, the CO² released from cultures and accumulated in the vessels reached 200 μl l⁻¹ of; at the lowest rate the CO₂ concentration reached 10500 μl l⁻¹ after 28 days of culture. The photosynthetic rate at 1450 and 4500 μl l⁻¹ of CO₂ was nearly 4 times higher than at the lowest concentration tested.     

A genome-specific repeat sequence from kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa)

Summary Six members of a family of moderately repetitive DNA sequences from kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa) have been cloned and characterized. The repeat family is composed of elements that have a unit length of 463 bp, are highly methylated, occur in tandem arrays of at least 50 kb in length, and constitute about 0.5% of the kiwifruit genome. Individual elements diverge in nucleotide sequence by up to 5%, which suggests that the repeat sequence is evolving rapidly. Homologous sequences were found in A. deliciosa var. chlorocarpa. The repeat sequence was not found under low stringency hybridization conditions in the diploid A. chinensis, the species most closely related to the hexaploid kiwifruit, or in eight other Actinidia species. However, homologous repeats were detected in a tetraploid species, A. chrysantha. The results provide the first molecular evidence to suggest that kiwifruit may be an allopolyploid species.     

毛花猕猴桃两新变种

<正> 秃果毛花猕猴桃 新变种 (图版1) Actinidia eriantha Benth. var. calvescens C. F. Liang, var. nov. A typo differt baccis cylindricis, majoribus, circa 5 cm. longis, tomentosis non velutinis. Guangxi: Guilin, in the Research Orchard of Guangxi Institute of Botany, May 9, 1987, C. F. Liang 34511 (Type, IBK).     

用分支分析方法研究中华猕猴桃与美味猕猴桃的亲缘关系

本文根据形态特征和染色体资料,以毛花猕猴桃为外类群,用分支分析法研究美味猕猴桃与中华猕猴桃(含二倍体和四倍体)的亲缘关系,产生了三个步长相等的Wagner树。其中一树能较好地与现有地理分布和细胞学资料吻合。反映出中华猕猴桃二倍体衍生出四倍体类型,二者具有直接祖裔关系:美味猕猴桃与中华猕猴桃是已分支发展的两个分类群,但二者亲缘关系密切。可能属于同一物种复合体的两个近缘物种。     

猕猴桃在食品加工中的开发利用

猕猴桃是一种营养价值很高的水果,其在食品加工中具有很大的市场开发利用前景。猕猴桃制品营养丰富,风味独特,其鲜果不易贮藏等问题也正在得到解决。猕猴桃制品种类多样,本文从猕猴桃复合饮料,生态特色果酒等以猕猴桃为主要原料的加工产品进行综述,展望了猕猴桃果实的加工利用前景。     

软枣猕猴桃总黄酮对V79细胞的辐射防护作用

目的:研究软枣猕猴桃总黄酮的辐射防护活性。方法:以V79细胞辐射损伤模型为体外验证模型,利用回流醇提法提取的软枣猕猴桃总黄酮于辐射前处理细胞,细胞经8 Gy60Coγ射线辐射后,用多功能酶标仪检测细胞的存活率,用流式细胞仪检测细胞内活性氧及细胞凋亡率的变化。结果:用50～200μg/mL的软枣猕猴桃总黄酮于辐射前给药细胞,进行24 h培育,能抑制细胞内因辐射引起的活性氧上升,从而提高细胞存活率。结论:软枣猕猴桃总黄酮能清除细胞内由辐射产生的活性氧,降低细胞凋亡率,达到保护V79细胞的效果。