研发动态

英国科学家发现导致肿瘤扩散的基因英国东英吉利大学的科学家近日在研究肿瘤在体内扩散的问题上取得新突破,他们发现一种名为WWP2的基因,只要利用对症药物减弱该基因的活性,就能有效阻止肿瘤扩散。     

马来西亚部分豆科植物的花粉形态及其研究意义

豆科(Leguminosae)植物是东南亚热带雨林中重要的乔木成分之一,其花粉形态分类对于精确重建植物群落具有重要的古生态学意义。本研究使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对广布于马来西亚26种豆科植物花粉(隶属21属)进行了形态观察与描述。结果表明：花粉形态包括三孔、三孔合沟、三孔沟、九孔沟和多合体(16合)花粉等类型,其中,三孔沟型最为常见,占比65%;花粉形状以近球形居多,还有长球形和扁球形;花粉最大的为Albizzia(89.8μm×98.7μm),最小的为Ormosia bancana(18.1μm×19.2μm),花粉极轴长度在25～50μm占比77%;外壁纹饰以网状为主(53.8%),另外也有瘤状和光滑类型;根据SEM观察结果和已发表的豆科花粉形态资料,通过三孔沟型花粉不同体积、纹饰、孔的形状等特征可以比较好地将豆科花粉鉴定到属一级水平;各亚科[云实亚科(Caesalpinioideae)、含羞草亚科(Mimosoideae)、蝶形花亚科(Papilionoideae)]花粉有明显的形态差异。通过对花粉类型的母体植物生长环境的归纳,讨论了其对于不同植被群落的指示意义,...     

马来西亚番荔枝科紫玉盘属(Uvaria Linn.)、杯冠木属(Cyathostemma Griff.)和 Ellipeia Hook. f. et Thomson叶的比较解剖学(英文)

对紫玉盘属８种,杯冠木属３种和Ｅｌｌｉｐｅｉａ属 １种进行了叶的比较研究,以调查不同种之间解剖 学的不同点,这对种的鉴别和了解它们的分类学意义可能是有用的。有意义的解剖学特征是：末端石细 胞,表皮细胞的晶簇,毛状体,在中脉和叶柄的薄壁组织内的短石细胞以及中脉和叶柄横切面的形状。 有某些特征仅出现在某些种中,这对种的鉴别是有用的。结果亦显示这三个属的联系十分紧密。     

两种穿山甲外形量衡度的测定及比较

There are 7 species of pangolin in the world. This paper deah with the measurement of some morphology indices in Manis petadactyla and Mania javanica. Measured variables included the body weight, the total body length, the length of head and body, the length of tail,the length of protruding rim of external ear, the length of hind feet, the length of middle claws of fore feet, the length of middle claws of hind feet, the number of rows of scales round mid-body, the number of single flank scales of edge tail. All variables measured were compared respectively between this 2 species. The results indicated that: ( 1 ) there were no signifieant differences in body weight and length of hind feet between this 2 species, but differences in the other variables were extremely significant. (21 The ratio of the length of middle claws of hind feet and fore feet in Mania pentadactyla was less than 1/2 ( n = 48 ), while Mania jaw, nica was more than 1/2 ( n = 15 ) ; the length of protruding rim of external ear in Mania pentadactyla was over 10 mm { n = 38 ), whereas Manis javanica was under 10 mm { n = 13 ) ; the number of single flank scales of edge tail in Mania pentadactyla was not beyond 21 (n = 65), and Mania javanica exeeeded 21 (n = 14) . So the ratio of the length of middle claws of hind feet and fore feet, the length of protruding rim of external ear, arid the ntunber of single flank scales of edge tail should be regard as distinctive features and taxonomic indices between this 2 species. (3) The relationships between body weight ( Y) and the total body length, the length of head and body, the length of tail {X) were positive correlation, and satisfied relation equation Y= aX^b.     

寡霉素在叶绿体中的作用部位

寡霉索可抑制光下DTT激活的Mg~(2 )-ATP酶活力并促进质子流出,这两种效应对温度的反应相似,并受膜能化状态的影响。 寡霉素对在光下以胰蛋白酶激活的叶绿体膜上Mg~(2 )-ATPase和脱离了膜的Ca~(2 )-ATPase都有抑制作用,但对经NEM修饰的叶绿体膜上Mg~(2 )-ATPase活力没有影响,且其促进质子流出的效应也消失,在暗中经胰蛋白酶活化的Ca~(2 )-ATPase对寡霉素不敏感。由此推断寡霉素抑制光激活的ATPase和促进质子流出的效应是光引起膜能化导致CF_1变构,γ亚基暴露,而使寡霉素能与之结合的结果,因此寡霉素在叶绿体上的作用部位是在CF_1中,而与线粒体在F_0上有所不同。     

马来西亚番荔枝科紫玉盘属(Uvaria Linn.)、杯冠木属(Cyathostemma Griff)和Ellipeia Hook.f. Thomson 叶的比较解剖学

对紫玉盘属8种,杯冠木属3种和Ellipeia属1种进行了叶的比较研究,以调查不同种之间解剖学的不同点,这对种的鉴别和了解它们的分类学意义可能是有用的.有意义的解剖学特征是:末端石细胞,表皮细胞的晶簇,毛状体,在中脉和叶柄的薄壁组织内的短石细胞以及中脉和叶柄横切面的形状.有某些特征仅出现在某些种中,这对种的鉴别是有用的.结果亦显示这三个属的联系十分紧密.     

走进婆罗洲(马来西亚)热带雨林

热带雨林具有独特的外貌和结构特征,与世界上其他森林类型有清楚的区别,它主要生长在年平均温度24℃以上、或者最冷月平均温度18℃以上的热带潮湿低地。在世界上,热带雨林主要分布在美洲、亚洲和非洲的热带地区。     

亚洲热带植物研究的摇篮——莱顿标本馆

荷兰莱顿植物标本馆是国际上以研究亚洲热带植物而著名的一个重要的标本馆。莱顿是荷兰不大的一个城市,著名的高等学府莱顿大学历史悠久,它的附属植物园建立于1590年,已有420年的历史。早期的莱顿植物园即是国际上植物学研究的一个中心,曾吸引年轻的林奈慕名来这里学习。     

First Record of the Gekkonid Genus Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 from Gunung Mulu National Park,Northern Sarawak,East Malaysia may Represent an Undescribed Species

We provide confirmed photographic evidence for the previously overlooked occurrence of the polyphyletic Asian gecko genus Cnemaspis from Gunung Mulu National Park, the world-renowned UNESCO natural heritage site in northern Sarawak, East Malaysia. This new record from Sarawak province represents a remarkable range extension for Cnemaspis cf. kendallii by 550 km to the northeast and denotes the most northern occurrence of the genus in Borneo. Our new finding makes it very likely that these gekkonid lizards also inhabit appropriate limestone karst habitats in adjacent Sabah, Brunei, and Kalimantan. Given the visible differences in the Mulu specimen compared to those from the remaining distribution range on Borneo and the Malaysian Peninsula together with the fact that numerous Cnemaspis species are restricted to small areas, it seems plausible that another undescribed, rather cryptic and possibly locally endemic Bornean species is involved. Lastly, the new record contributes to the importance of the Mulu National Park as a major conservation area in East Malaysia of international concerns.     

二氧化碳浓度升高对太湖沉水植物马来眼子菜生长的影响

通过室外培养试验,研究不同CO₂浓度条件下沉水植物马来眼子菜的生长及生理变化.结果表明：CO₂浓度升高(1000 μmol·mol^-1)条件下,马来眼子菜单株的平均生物量增加了44.3%(P<0.01),茎生物量比重下降了5.5%(P<0.05);根和叶中氮含量分别下降了18.1%和6.4%(P<0.05),而茎中氮含量变化不明显(P>0.05);根、茎、叶中磷含量分别增加了22.2%(P<0.05)、26.6%(P>0.05)和38.8%(P<0.05);可溶性糖含量增加了27.3%、18.3%和37.5%(P<0.05);根、茎和叶中全碳含量增加了4.6%、5.3%和2.0%;CO₂浓度升高使水体中氮、磷含量分别下降了7.9%和5.1%(P<0.05),但对底泥中氮、磷的含量影响不明显.CO₂浓度升高将对沉水植物生长及其生境有一定影响.