银杏营养贮藏蛋白质的亚细胞定位

在电子显微镜下,对银枵（Ginkgo biloba L.）枝条营养贮藏蛋白质的超微结构特征及在亚细胞水平的定位进行了系统研究。结果表明：银杏营养贮藏蛋白质主要存在于韧皮薄壁细胞的液泡内。银杏韧皮薄壁细胞内的营养贮藏蛋白质在细胞质内合成,由内质网膨大的槽库、质膜内折或高尔基体小泡发育形成贮藏蛋白质的液泡。液泡蛋白质主要以不定形块状、絮状或颗粒状形态存在。贮藏蛋白质在整个越冬期一直保持高含量,直到翌年春季萌芽时,贮藏蛋白质迅速转移再利用。随着新梢的生长,到了夏末秋初,又重新开始积累贮藏蛋白质。     

葛仙米的营养价值及其开发利用

葛仙米(Nostoc sphaeroids Kutz),一种淡水野生藻类植物,为湖北鹤峰县的著名特产,出口历史悠久.     

中国真蛞蝓类的分布和物种多样性研究(柄眼目:腹足纲)

对我国真蛞蝓类物种的分布特点和多样性特点进行了描述和分析,真蛞蝓物种多样性具有从中南向南北分别递减,随海拔高度升高而递减,从温湿多雨区向干旱区递减的总体特点,其分布类型为：Deroceras laeve分布于各类可能存在真蛞蝓自然分布的地区,而Deroceras altaicum分布上介于高山型和丘陵平原型之间。Anadenus属为高山型分布;Meghimatium属为丘陵平原型分布;Limax属和Lehmannia valentiana在各不同地区均间有分布。     

盅口族线虫分类系统评述(线虫纲:圆线科)

对盅口族Cyathostominea线虫分类系统的研究进行了回顾和讨论,根据各分类学家的意见,笔者提出了盅口族线虫的分类系统,该系统以Lichtenfels等人（1998）的观点为基础,其不同点在于：1）将马线虫属Caballonema Abulasze,1937和柱咽属Cylindropharynx Leiper,1911从盅口族中移出,放入柱咽族Cylindropharyngea Popova,1952;2)Scialdo-Krecek(1984)描述的Cylicodon-tophorus reineckei应归属于副杯口属Parapoteriostomum Hartwich,1986.     

中国海域团水虱属一新种(甲壳纲:等足目:团水虱科)

记述采自我国厦门及广东海门的团水虱科Sphaeromatidae一新种 ,中华团水虱Sphaeromasinensis。本种与采自海南岛的三口团水虱SphaeromatristeHeller相似 ,主要区别特征如下 :本种腹部前缘有 1个大突起 ,后者无 ;本种腹节具多个瘤状小突起 ,后者腹尾节则在近中部有 3对明显的大突起。正模标本♂ ,82F 83C ,1982年 4月 10日采自厦门何厝。模式标本保存在中国科学院海洋研究所标本馆。     

中国南方海域鲎的种类和分布

The northern sea area of the South China Sea is situated between 107.5°～122.5°East longitude and 17°～25° North latitude with high temperature and a large quantity of rainfall which belongs to the oceanic climate of the torrid zone and subtropical zone. From September, 1994 to June, 1998,during the research on the species of Horseshoe crab within the scope between the south from North gulf and the north to Xiamen, choosing Xiamen, Shantou, Wuchuan, Donghaidao and Qishui as fixed positions and irregularly going to Xuwen and Suixi in Guangdong province and Fangcheng in Guangxi province, we found that there was only Tachypleus tridentatus in the northern sea area of the South China Sea and the sea area from Wuchuan to Xiamen, and found that there were two species of horseshoe crab which were Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda in the southern area to East Sea Island, referring to East Sea Island, Qishui, Xuwen, Suixi and Fangcheng, most of which were Tachypleus tridentatus, and found a great number of larvae of Tachypleus tridentatus including zooids with different sizes from 7cm bodily length to mature. In Minan we found not only big colonies of adult Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda , but also a great number of larvae of Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda with different body size from 7cm body length to maturity. All these show that the northern sea area of the South China Sea is the area where both Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda distribute and reproduce. On January 1st, 1998 at the town of Qishui in Leizhou, we found an adult male Horseshoe crab and majority of its eggs was immature, while the eggs with above 4mm diameters were only 0.87 percent but the eggs with below 1.0mm diameter was 58 percent(1 160 pills). It shows that Qishui is a place where Tachyplers tridentatus survive in the winter.     

切断海马伞对大鼠硬性脑挫伤后运动行为恢复的影响

硬性挫伤运动皮层诱发大鼠偏瘫及其随后的行为代偿是研究中枢神经可塑性的一个理想模型。本工作观察了切断海马伞对脑挫伤后行为恢复的影响。结果表明：与对照组相比,(1)切断海马伞—穹隆通路明显延缓了大鼠运动平衡能力的恢复;(2)切断海马伞—穹隆通路后,银杏类黄酮(FGb)失去了促进脑挫伤后运动平衡能力恢复的作用;(3)原位杂交显示,脑损伤后海马DG(齿状回)和CA3区中生长相关蛋白(GAP—43)mRNA的水平明显提高;(4)FGb促进脑损伤后海马DG和CA3区中的GAP—43mRNA水平的上调。这些信息提示,海马参与脑硬性挫伤后的运动代偿,FGb促进脑损伤后的运动行为的恢复可能与海马相关[动物学报49(2)：211-217,2003]。     

银杏性别相关分子标记

利用RAPD技术寻找银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)中与性别相关的分子标记。筛选了1200个10bp的随机引物,产生了8372个RAPD条带。只有S1478产生一条大小为682bp、雄性特异的分子标记,该分子标记被命名为S1478—682,出现在所有雄性植株中,而所有雌性植株都不具有该分子标记。通过在北京和沈阳种植的银杏植株的RAPD推广验证,说明该分子标记可以用来检测银杏植株的性别。     

银杏雌雄基因组DNA间的差异性分析

本研究应用RAPD技术,应用300个10bp随机单引物及200对随机双引物组合,检测了雌雄异株银杏基因组DNA的多态性。结果表明:雌雄基因组间具有极高的相似性,在检测到的3450个标记中,仅获得1个与银杏雄性基因组相关的RAPD标记。以该标记为探针,与雌雄银杏基因组DNA的Southern杂交分析,其杂交信号在两性之间表现为限制性片段长度多态性,该结果为寻找银杏早期性别鉴定的探针以及在细胞和分子水平进一步研究其性别问题奠定了基础。     

银杏雄株GinNdly全长基因的分离克隆

以银杏栽培品种大佛手(Ginkgo biloba L.cv.Dafushou)雄株为材料,用四月中旬幼嫩的叶片基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR扩增,获得银杏雄株LEAFY(LFY)同源基因GinNdly全长基因。结果分析表明,该全长基因含1493个核苷酸。与文献报道的银杏雌株GinNdly基因相比,碱基数少了三个,对应地氨基酸少一个,核苷酸同源性为99.7％,氨基酸同源性为99.3％。该基因的克隆为在分子水平上研究银杏开花调控机理奠定了良好的基础。