Nuclear apoptosis induced by isolated mitochondria

We isolated and purified mitochondria from mouse livers and spinach leaves.When added into egg extracts of Xenopus laevis,they caused nuclei of mouse liver to undergo apoptotic changes.Chromatin condensation,margination and DNA ladder were observed.After incubating isolated mitochondria in some hypotonic solutions,and centrifuging these mixtures at mgh speed,we got mitochondrial supernatants.It was found that in the absence of cytosolic factor,the supernatant alone was able to induce apoptotic changes in nuclei.The effective components were partly of protein.DNA fragmentation was partly inhibited by caspase inhibitors AC-DEVD-CHO and AC-YVAD-CHO.Meanwhile,caspase inhibitors fully blocked chromatin condensation.Primary characterization of the nuclear endonuclease(s) induced by mitochondrial supernatants was also conducted.It was found that this endonuclease is different from endonuclease G,cytochrome c-induced nuclease,or Ca^2 -activated endonuclease.     

B→O血型转变工具酶α-半乳糖苷酶cDNA克隆及表达

 α-半乳糖苷酶是实现 B→O血型转变、制备通用型血的关键工具酶 .利用反转录 PCR方法从中国海南 Catimor咖啡豆中克隆α-半乳糖苷酶 c DNA,插入嗜甲基酵母 P.pastoris分泌表达载体 p PIC9K中 ,转化 P.pastoris GS1 1 5,筛选高表达重组菌株 .经甲醇诱导表达 7d后 ,发酵液总蛋白分泌量约 1 .2 mg/ml,SDS- PAGE呈现约 41 k D特异表达带 ,与专一性底物对 -硝基 -苯基 -α- D-吡喃半乳糖苷反应证明 ,表达产物具有 α-半乳糖苷酶活性 ,最高达到 1 8U/ml.初步实验表明 ,表达的 α-半乳糖苷酶可酶解 B型红细胞 ,成功实现 B→O血型转变 .     

球形芽孢杆菌的抗药标记及外源DNA的转化与表达

用亚硝基胍（NTG）对球形芽孢杆菌（Bacillussphaericus）进行化学诱变,筛选到利福平（Rif）和链霉素（Sm）二个标记菌株。抗药浓度均达100u／ml培养基。其抗药性状能够获得较好地遗传。用含溶葡球菌酶基因的质粒DNA对RifR菌株进行原生质体转化,酶基因在该抗药菌株中获得了高效表达。经摇瓶发酵试验,溶葡球菌酶的活性约为122u／ml培养液。     

电融合方法建立抗结核杆菌单克隆抗体细胞株

By using the electrofusion tecndque, the fusion of NSI myeloma cells with spleen cells of BALB / c mouse immunized with five species of mycobacteria was caaced cuL With the ophmal electrofUSion condihons, we obtained a high fuSion efficiency of l.75 hybrid cell clones per 105 spleen cells. ELISA was used for screening secrehng anhmycobacteria McAb hybrid cells. After cloning, 22 stable hybrid cells'lines were selected, and 8 of them had been studied.     

降解三硝基甲苯的酵母和类酵母菌的研究

从受三硝基甲苯（TNT）严重污染的土壤和废水中分离筛选到17株可降解TNT的酵母菌和白地霉。其中6株为克鲁斯假丝酵母（Candidakrusei）,4株为橡树假丝酵母（C.quercitrusa）,一株为无名假丝酵母（C.famata）,一株为伯杰汉逊酵母（Hansenulabeijerinckii）,一株为亚膜汉逊酵母（H.subpelliculosa）,4株为白地霉（Geotrichumcandidum）。对其中6株菌进行了降解TNT的条件实验,发现降解TNT的适宜pH为7,温度为37～40℃。在含75～80mg／LTNT的培养基中,40h内能降解TNT56～74mg／L,去除率达71％～93％。在培养基中加入0．01％～0．05％的葡萄糖作碳源,或加入0.01％～0．1％的酵母膏对6株菌降解TNT的能力略有促进作用。加入铵盐作为氮源则明显抑制这些菌对TNT的降解。     

酿酒酵母胞内无机焦磷酸酶的分离纯化及性质

An inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC3.6.1.1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purified to PAGE homogeneity by sonication disruption. (NH4)2SO4 fractionation and DEAE-cellulose colunm chromatography. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were 7.4～7. 8 and 60℃, respectively. The Km was 19.3 mmol / L. The enzyme required Mg2+ as a cofactor for hydrolysis of pyrophosphate and was inhibited by Ca2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Mn2+.     

聚丙烯腈纤维固定化青霉素酰化酶性质的研究

将巨大芽孢杆菌（Bacillusmegaterium）青霉素酞化酶连接到聚丙烯腈纤维载体上,制成固定化青霉素酰化酶。其表现活力约为2000u／g。水解青霉素G的最适温度为50℃;最适PH为9．0;在PHS．5～10．3、温度50℃以下酶的活力稳定;表观米氏常数Ka为1．33×10-8mol／L;最大反应速度Vm为2．564mmol·min-1;苯乙酸为竞争性抑制剂,抑制常数为0．16mol／L。水解10％的青霉素G钾盐溶液,使用20批,保留酶活力80％。     

根瘤菌4012a菌株产细胞分裂素发酵条件的研究

用酶标免疫检测法研究了根瘤菌4012a菌株细胞分裂素发酵的适宜培养基和培养条件。结果表明,其最佳培养基为（g／L）：葡萄糖10.0,（NH4）2SO41.0,K2HPO4·3H2O0．6,MgSO4·7H2O0.1,CaCl2·2H2O0.4,FeCI3·6H2O0．04,Na2MoO4·2H2O0．1mg／L,泛酸钙100μg／L,腺漂吟200mg／L。该菌株在150r／min的旋转摇床上27℃振荡培养96h,发酵液中细胞分裂素产量可达908μg／L,生物活性（萝卜子叶扩大法）为1mg／L激动素当量。     

溴氰菊酯对鸡脑突触膜蛋白磷酸化和Ca-ATP酶活力的影响

研究了神经毒性杀虫剂———溴氰菊酯对体内源性蛋白质磷酸化作用的影响。结果表明,浓度为１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ溴氰菊酯明显抑制正常鸡和经三甲基苯基磷酸酯处理的鸡脑突触膜中５５ｋＤ和６０ｋＤ两种蛋白的磷酸化。而０２５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａ２＋加０２５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的钙调蛋白则明显地促进这两种蛋白质的磷酸化,但较低浓度（１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）时,溴氰菊酯明显抑制４８ｋＤ蛋白的磷酸化。而００３ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＣａ２＋加００３ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的钙调蛋白则明显地增强４８ｋＤ和４５ｋＤ两种蛋白的磷酸化。此外,还发现溴氰菊酯可抑制鸡脑突触膜中ＣａＡＴＰ酶活力。     

PCR技术的应用与微生物系统进化研究的发展

微生物的分类进化研究是生命学科的基础理论研究。近年来随着生物技术的日趋完善,以及分子生物学的不断渗透,特别是聚合酶链反应技术的出现,使人们将系统进化的研究从宏观逐渐转向微观,以便更准确地反映生物体间真正的进化关系。