家兔蓝斑复合核区对刺激下丘脑诱发室性期前收缩的影响

实验在72只乌拉坦,氯醛醣麻醉兔上进行,用三碘季铵酚制动,由人工呼吸机维持通气。用电刺激下丘脑近中线区的方法诱发室性期前收缩(HVE)。在蓝斑复合核区(Lc-Sc)微量注射吗啡(4μg溶于2μl中)可抑制 HVE;而微量注射乙酰胆碱(ACh)(50μg溶于2μl中)则可易化HVE。ACh 对 HVE 的这种易化效应可被中脑中央灰质(CG)或延髓中线区内微量注射心得安(20μg溶于2μl中)消除,但在 CG 或延髓中线区内微量注射酚妥拉明(10μg溶于1μl中)后仍存在。在 Ic-Sc 区微量注射纳洛酮(4μg溶于2μl中)或 ACh(50μg溶于2μl中),或用弱电流刺激一侧 Ic-Sc 区,均可阻断刺激腓深神经对 HVE 的抑制作用。电介损毁双侧 Lc-Sc 区后,刺激腓深神经对 HVE 的抑制效应有所增强。上述结果提示,吗啡和 ACh 对 Lc-Sc 区活动发生相互拮抗的影响。在 Lc-Sc 区微量注射 ACh,可能经 CG 及延髓中线区而发挥对 HVE 的易化作用。腓深神经对 HVE 的抑制效应并不依赖于 Lc-Sc 区的结构完整性。但 Lc-Sc 区的活动能抑制腓深神经的抑制效应。     

弧束核参与剌激下丘脑室旁核的镇痛作用

This study was undertaken to evaluate the analgesic effect of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) stimulation with tail stimulation-vocalization test. The mechanism of this analgesia was analysed with nuclear lesion and microinjection technique. The main results were as follows: (1) Electrical stimulation of the PVN could significantly enhance the pain threshold and increase the content of AVP in brainstem measured by radioimmunoassay. (2) Solitary tract nucleus (STN) lesion could eliminate the analgesic effect induced by PVN stimulation. (3) Intranuclear microinjection of AVP-antagonist and AVP-antiserum into the STN could block the analgesic effect of PVN stimulation. (4) Intranuclear microinjection of AVP into the STN could mimick the analgesic effect similar to that of PVN stimulation. These results suggest that electrical stimulation of the PVN could produce an analgesic effect. This effect might be mediated by the activation of VP-ergic neurons in PVN and upon releasing VP from the descending fibers, the activities of neurons in the STN are influenced.     

下丘脑室旁核加压素能神经元参与电针刺激对实验性...

It has been demonstrated in animal model of somatic pain that hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) participates in acupuncture analgesia, probably by mediation of vasopressin release. The role of PVN in acupuncture analgesia for experimental visceral pain in rats was further investigated in the present study. Experimental results demonstrated that electroacupuncture could inhibit the writhing response, produced by intraperitoneal injection of antimonium potassium tartrate and this inhibitory effect could be enhanced by electrical stimulation of PVN, but decreased by electrolytical lesion of PVN, intracerebroventricular injection of vasopressin antiserum (14 microliters) or the vasopressin antagonist, d(CH2)5Tyr(Me)-AVP (500 ng/5 microliters). Intraperitoneal administration of the latter drug (10 micrograms/kg), however, was ineffective. The above experimental results suggest that vasopressinergic neurons in PVN also participate in the inhibition of visceral pain by electroacupuncture.     

云南省合室舞虻亚科的11新种（双翅目：舞虻科）

本文记述了云南省双翅目舞虻科合室舞虻亚科(Tachydrominac)的11个新种,分别隶属于平须舞虻属(Platypalpus)和隐肩舞虻属(Drapetis)。     

蚤类感觉板的细微结构

本文利用扫描电镜观察了4科18属26种蚤的感觉板.通过对其内、外表面及横断面细微结构的详细观察,发现前人称之为杯陷的结构,实为一中空的圆丘,分内、外两层,各具若干小室,作者称其为感觉室.该室在感觉板上具有一定的分布型.感觉毛着生于内室底部,通过中央孔及外室顶孔向外伸出.蚤类成虫具有坚韧的外骨骼,因此,在制备扫描电镜标本时可不经特殊处理直接进行观察.此外,对感觉室的功能及在分类上的意义进行了讨论.     

胰岛素对大鼠空肠和回肠锌吸收动力学作用的研究

用原位灌流的大鼠空肠和回肠研究了胰岛素对锌吸收动力学的作用。糖尿病大鼠血清胰岛素水平明显减低,空肠锌吸收速率常数K_(12)和K_(21)分别比对照组增大50％和31％,K_(20)减小59％;胰岛素治疗组血清胰岛素水平稍有恢复,空肠K值变化不大。糖尿病组回肠K_(12)和K_(21)分别比对照组减小29％和8％,K_(20)变化很小;胰岛素治疗组K_(12)和K_(21)分别比对照组增大36％和51％,K_(20)变化不大。糖尿病组空肠锌吸收慢速相半衰期比对照组增大29倍,胰岛素治疗组明显小于糖尿病组。糖尿病组K_(12)和K_(21)的空肠/回肠比值比对照组增大110％和41％,K_(20)的空肠/回肠比值减小57％;胰岛素治疗组K_(12)和K_(21)的空肠/回肠比值恢复到对照水平,K(20)的比值有所恢复。上述结果提示,胰岛素对锌从粘膜到血液的转运过程有促进作用,并对小肠锌吸收部位有一定影响。     

延髓中线区在躯体传入冲动抑制刺激兔下丘脑诱发室性期前收缩中的作用

于兔延髓中线区闩部头端处微量注射5-HT 受体阻断剂肉桂硫胺(4μg溶于2μl中)可减弱躯体传入冲动对刺激下丘脑诱发的室性期前收缩(HVE)的抑制效应;微量注入阿片受体阻断剂纳洛酮(4μg溶于2μl中)则可完全消除此抑制效应。损毁延髓中线区后,中脑中央灰质微量注入5-HT 或吗啡均不再能抑制 HVE。上述现象提示,躯体传人冲动抑制 HVE 的效应依赖于延髓中线区内啡肽和5-HT 的活动,中脑中央灰质内5-HT 和内啡肽对 HVE 的抑制作用也可能主要是通过延髓中线区的活动而实现。文中还就躯体传入冲动抑制 HVE 的中枢机制进行了讨论。     

中央杏仁核,外侧下丘脑／穹窿周围区,室旁核均参与岛皮层升压反应

实验用乌拉坦麻醉、箭毒制动、人工呼吸的大鼠。将谷氨酸注入岛皮层（ＩＮＳ）以及将Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）注入外侧下丘脑／穹窿周围区（ＬＨ／ＰＦ）或室旁核均引起升压反应。ＩＮＳ－升压反应可被杏仁核（ＡＣ）内预先注射普鲁卡因或谷氨酸二乙酯（ＧＤＥＥ,谷氨酸拮抗剂）以及ＬＨ／ＰＦ内注射［Ｄ－Ｐｒｏ＾２,Ｄ－Ｐｈｅ＾７,Ｄ－Ｔｒｐ＾９］－ＳＰ（ＤＰＤＰＤＴ,ＳＰ拮抗剂）明显衰减,但ＬＨ／ＰＦ内ＧＤＥＥ预处理对该反应无     

室旁核在刺激中脑防御反应区诱发防御性升压反应中的作用

雄性ＳＤ大鼠,用乌拉坦（７００ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和氯醛糖（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）腹腔麻醉。实验结果：（１）每隔５ｍｉｎ电刺激中脑导水管周围灰质背侧部“防御反应区”（ｄＰＡＧ）,持续观察５０ｍｉｎ,可见恒定的升压反应。若电解毁单侧室旁核（ＰＶＮ）区。１ｈ后,电刺激中脑ｄＰＡＧ区诱发的升压反应幅度部分减小。而损毁穹隆部、下丘脑前部、下丘脑背内侧核、下丘脑腹内侧核则无上述效应。（２）电刺激或微量注射高半胱胺酸（ＤＬ