Biomass estimation models and allocation patterns of 14 shrub species in Mountain Luya,Shanxi, China

Aims Shrub species have evolved specific strategies to regulate biomass allocation among various organs or between above- and belowground biomass and shrub biomass model is an important approach to estimate biomass allocation among different shrub species. This study was designed to establish the optimal estimation models for each organ (leaf, stem, and root), aboveground and total biomass of 14 common shrub species in Mountain Luya, Shanxi Province, China. Furthermore, we explored biomass allocation characteristics of these shrub species by using the index of leaf biomass fraction (leaf to total biomass), stem biomass fraction (stem to total biomass), root biomass fraction (root to total biomass), and root to shoot mass ratio (R/S) (belowground to aboveground biomass).
Methods We used plant height, basal diameter, canopy diameter and their combination as variables to establish the optimal biomass estimation models for each shrub species. In addition, we used the ratios of leaf, stem, root to total biomass, and belowground to aboveground biomass to explore the difference of biomass allocation patterns of 14 shrub species.
Important findings Most of biomass estimation models could be well expressed by the exponential and linear functions. Biomass for shorter shrub species with more stems could be better estimated by canopy area; biomass for taller shrub species with less stems could be better estimated by the sum of the square of total base diameter multiply stem height; and biomass for the rest shrub species could be better estimated by canopy volume. The averaged value for these shrub species was 0.61, 0.17, 0.48, and 0.35 for R/S, leaf biomass fraction, stem biomass fraction, and root biomass fraction, respectively. Except for leaf biomass fraction, R/S, stem biomass fraction, and root biomass fraction for shrubs with thorn was significantly greater than that for shrubs without thorn.     

尾状山羊草与硬粒小麦,普通小麦的杂交及外源染色质检测

尾状山羊草（AegilopscaudataL．）具有丰富的抗病虫和高赖氨酸、高蛋白优良性状,是进行小麦（TriticumaestivumL．）遗传改良的重要遗传资源。合成了硬粒小麦（TriticumdurumDesf．）-尾状山羊草双二倍体、进行了普通小麦与双二倍体的杂交。并以作者克隆的尾状山羊草C基因组特异重复序列PAeca212为探针,对上述杂交后代的花粉母细胞进行了染色体原位杂交检测。证实了新合成的双二倍体中有7对C基因组染色体;在F2中检测到C基因组染色体的自发纯合易位,显示出从C基因组向小麦转移外源基因的光明前景。     

桂林雁山地区蝶类种类调查及区系分析

调查发现广西桂林雁山地区的蝴蝶种类有10科122属254种,以蛱蝶科、弄蝶科、眼蝶科、灰蝶科的种类较多,分别占总数的20.8%、16.9%、16.1%和15.7%。不同季节的蝴蝶种类和数量分布不均匀,春、夏、秋、冬的蝴蝶种类分别为83、198、175和148种;捕获的种数分别占捕获总数的13.7%、32.8%、29%和24.5%。区系成分以东洋种为主,占69.4%;东洋古北兼有种占25.4%,古北种占2.4%;广布种占2.7%。     

银杏叶不同生长期总黄酮的含量测定(简报)

木文研究了银杏(Ginkgo biloba L.)不同生长期叶的总黄酮含量,研究结果表明,秋季叶含黄酮量较高,结果株叶总黄酮含量比不结果株高。     

广西苗儿山杜鹃属一新种

<正> 兴安马银花 新种(图) 小乔木,高7米,树皮灰色。小枝近于圆形,中等纤细,当年生小枝紫色或淡紫色,近于无毛,去年生小枝灰色。叶近于革质,长圆形或长圆状椭圆形,长6—9(-11厘米),宽2—3(-4.3厘米),顶端渐尖或罕为突然锐尖,基部近于圆形或钝形,边缘全缘,上面绿色,下面淡绿色,中肋在上面稍凹陷,在下面微凸起,侧脉和小脉通常不明显;叶柄长1—1.5厘米,有稀疏的短柔毛或近于无毛。花单生,花梗长1.5—2厘米,初被稀疏而具腺的刚毛,其后无毛;花萼裂片卵形,淡绿色,长8毫米,宽6毫米,具睫毛,无腺体;花冠紫色,具5裂片,裂片倒卵形,长2.5—8厘米,宽1.8-2厘米;雄蕊5枚,较花冠     

黔产昆明山海棠化学成分及其抑菌活性研究

该研究采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、半制备型高效液相色谱和重结晶等方法分离纯化,从黔产昆明山海棠乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,并采用96孔板微量稀释法对化合物进行抑菌活性测定。结果表明:利用NMR,MS等现代波谱技术以及化合物的理化性质并结合参考文献分别鉴定为3-O-乙酰基齐墩果酸(1),雷酚萜(2),3-氧代齐墩果酸(3),β-谷甾醇(4),木栓酮(5),β-谷甾醇棕榈酸酯(6),雷公藤红素(7),大黄素(8),雷公藤内酯甲(9),雷藤二萜醌B(10),ent-kauran-16β,19-diol(11)。抑菌活性结果显示,化合物3、7和8具有较好的抑菌作用,MIC值为2~16μg·mL-1。其中,化合物6、11为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物11为首次从雷公藤属植物中分离得到,且首次发现了化合物3、7对绿脓杆菌和青枯菌具有明显的抑制作用。     

辽宁省8个伞菌新记录种

报道了采自辽宁省浑河源自然保护区和海棠山国家级自然保护区的8个辽宁省新记录伞菌,分别是红鳞环柄菇(Lepiota squamulosa T.Bau&Yu Li)、红鳞白环菇[Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus(Peck)Singer]、天鹅色环柄菇[Leucocoprinus cygneus(J.E.Lange)Bon]、银丝包脚菇[Volvariella bombycina(Schaeff.)Singer]、二孢蜡蘑[Laccaria tortilis(Bolton)Cooke]、黑毛桩菇[Tapinella atrotomentosa(Batsch)utara]、酒红褐鳞伞(Pholiota vinaceobrunnea A.H.Sm.&Hesler)、赭红方孢粉褶蕈[Entoloma quadratum(Berk.&M.A.Curtis)E.Horak]。文中描述了这些种的宏观和微观特征。     

山萘酚通过增强Treg细胞免疫抑制功能延长移植物生存时间

目的:探讨应用山萘酚增强Treg细胞免疫抑制功能,从而抑制大鼠移植物排斥反应并改善移植物生存的作用和机制。方法:以Wister大鼠和SD大鼠分别为供、受体,建立同种异体皮肤移植排斥反应动物模型。观察受体老鼠皮肤移植物的情况,记录移植物失功时间(移植物皮片80%面积发生排斥)。RT-PCR检测移植7天后脾细胞、淋巴细胞FOXP3、CTLA-4和IL-10的mRNA水平,用HE染色组织病理学观察术后7天移植皮片的淋巴细胞浸润程度。体外实验T细胞增殖抑制试验加入山萘酚作为对照,观察Treg功能情况。结果:1.山萘酚能增强移植后同种异体移植物的生存时间(DMSO组6.3±0.3天,山萘酚组13.7±0.39天,P<0.01);2.RT-PCR显示山萘酚可增强细胞CTLA-4(对照组9.24±0.17,山萘酚组12.48±0.145,P<0.05)、FOXP3(对照组0.96±0.07,山萘酚组1.41±0.07,P<0.01)和IL-10(对照组0.95±0.12,山萘酚组1.50±0.16,P<0.05)的mRNA水平;3.体外T细胞增殖抑制实验中,山萘酚可增强Treg细胞的免疫抑制功能。结论:在大鼠皮肤移植模型中,山萘酚可延长皮肤移植物的生存时间,提高Treg细胞相关IL-10、FOXP3和CTLA-4的mRNA水平;体外实验中,能抑制效应T细胞的增殖,表明山萘酚在提高移植物生存方面存在一定的价值。     

四川宜宾地区中草药植物资源

<正> 本区位于四川省南部,面积29,000平方公里,共有18个县市,人口900余万,是四川省第二大地区。 地势是西南高而东北低,为四川盆地与云贵高原的过渡地带。境内著名大山有屏山县的老君山,高2.020米,兴文县的先蜂山,高1,1750米;筠连县的大雪山,高1,772米;合江县的轿子山,高1,750米,古蔺县的斧头山,高1,835米。其余多为800—1,200米的中山山地及