广州市大气污染与恶性肿瘤发病率关系的探讨

对广州市恶性肿瘤发病率和大气污染综合指数进行相关性分析.结果表明:肺癌发病率与前5年大气污染综合指数的相关系数较之与历年大气污染综合指数更具显著性意义,所建立的回归方程亦较以前者效果好,实测值与预测值更相符.提示大气污染可能是肺癌发病因素之一,而且其效应是长期的.     

几种诊断肿瘤的定位显影剂—99~m锝铬合物配位体的合成

合成了六个肿瘤定位显影剂,单氨三乙酰氨基酸配位体,其中三个未见报道。     

黄芫花提取物对V79细胞和WB肝细胞的生物...：1....

A Chinese herb, wikstroemia Chamaedaphen (WC) extract, recently has been shown to be a potential tumor promoting agent on uterine cervical carcinoma induced by HSV-2 or MCA in mice. To determine whether the tumor promoting effects of WC extract were mediated through inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) with relation to cellular growth, experiments were conducted on Chinese hamster V79 cells and rat WB liver cells by utilization of SLDT method for GJIC detection and cell growth curve examination, 3H-TdR incorporation, mitotic index (MI) and Flow Cytometry (FCM) methods. TPA was used for comparative purpose. WC extract inhibited GJIC and stimulated cell growth in a dose (2-200 micrograms/ml) and time (0-72 hr)-dependent manner in both cell lines. Both WC extract and TPA treatments increased V79 cell growth rate. The average cell doubling-time was decreased from 36.5 hr in control V79 cells to 28.2 hr in WC extract (10 micrograms/ml) and 20.9 hr in TPA (50 ng/ml) treatment by the 3rd day. Stimulating effect of both drugs on DNA synthesis of V79 cells was demonstrated. The results of FCM and MI indicated that the cell number of M-phase cells was increased after drug treatment. It is suggested that (1) tumor promoting effect of WC extract might be mediated through inhibition of GJIC: (2) inhibition of GJIC is closely correlated with increased cell growth rate and entry of cell division cycle.     

根癌病土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)Ti质粒的传递性研究及其在遗传工程中的应用

一、Ti质粒的发现 根癌病土壤杆菌是引起许多植物(据文献记载有83属300余种)冠瘿(crown gall)肿瘤的病原体。有关它的研究是从1907年Smith和Townsend提出该病的病原学开始的,40年代While和Braun等人用无菌冠瘿组织证明肿瘤的发生基于肿瘤基因的转化以后,吸引了越来越多的人去进行这种基因的分离和转化研究。特别是60年代,Schilpcroort等人用免疫学和分子杂交的技术,在无菌冠瘿细胞中分别测到了细菌的抗原和细菌Ti质粒的DNA序列以后,这方面的文章更是指数地增加。     

CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术在肿瘤治疗中的应用前景

基因编辑技术能够对生物体基因组中的一个或多个特定基因进行修饰而不改变其整体基因组的稳定性。规律呈簇的间隔短回文重复(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat,CRISPR)/CRISPR相关核酸酶9(CRISPR-associated nuclease 9,Cas9)系统是比较新兴而有效的编辑技术,为多种疾病的精准治疗提供了广阔的应用前景。癌基因的激活和抑癌基因的突变使得肿瘤细胞无限扩增和转移;此外,作为肿瘤微环境中的重要组分,免疫细胞基因表达改变可能使得其对肿瘤的防御和杀伤能力下降。CRISPR/Cas9系统可以用来改变肿瘤及微环境细胞,为肿瘤的治疗提供了新的思路。目前已有一些相关研究被批准用于临床实验。本文主要综述CRISPR/Cas9在肿瘤的靶向治疗和免疫疗法中潜在的应用前景。     

神经纤毛蛋白-1的研究进展

神经纤毛蛋白-1(neuropilin 1,Nrp1)是单次跨膜受体,属于Neuropilin家族。它是神经轴突导向因子3(semaphorin 3,Sema3)和血管内皮生长因子165(vascular endothelial growth factor 165,VEGF165)的特异性受体,既可调节神经系统中轴突的生长、导向和迁移,又与心血管系统的血管新生、病理性血管损伤的修复有关。另外,有大量研究表明Nrp1对肿瘤的发展起重要作用,提示Nrp1是肿瘤治疗的潜在靶点。最近,有研究发现Nrp1与肥胖诱导的胰岛素抵抗和脓毒症相关,揭示其在急、慢性炎症中的作用。我们在本文中综述了Nrp1的研究进展,以期更好的理解Nrp1在生理和病理情况下的功能。     

替米沙坦在糖尿病防治中的应用

替米沙坦是经典的抗血压病药物。近年来人们发现替米沙坦除可以抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ-1型受体外,还可以部分激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ。得益于其双靶点的作用机制,替米沙坦可以通过改善糖脂代谢紊乱和缓解糖尿病带来的并发症而使糖尿病或糖尿病高危病人获益。本文就替米沙坦在糖尿病预防和治疗中的作用及相关的机制研究作一阐述。