血液病患者的巨细胞病毒感染

用间接酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对新近诊断的179例血液病患者血清巨细胞病毒(HCMV)IgM和IgA抗体进行了检测。阳性率分别为11,17％11,73％,明显高于对照人群(4,76％和3,97％),提示血液病患者由于免疫功能下降,易于发生HCMV活动性感染。     

用免疫荧光单克隆抗体对脊髓灰质炎病毒抗原表位的分析

用间接免疫荧光与中和试验筛选出来的抗脊髓灰质炎2型与3型不同毒株的12个单克隆抗体,其中3个仅有免疫荧光活性,9个具有中和与免疫荧光活性。用免疫荧光活性的单克隆抗体进行试验,发现它们在识别特异性抗原表位方面与中和性单克隆抗体相似,显示出株特异的、几个毒株共同特异的或型特异的抗原表位。根据表位分布关系及特征,可以用来鉴别型内毒株的特征、毒株的抗原分析、抗原变异的研究以及疫苗相关病例的鉴别。所得结果与中和性单克抗隆抗体及T1-寡核苷酸指纹图谱分析一致。而免疫荧光单克隆抗体识别抗原表位的活性范围比中和性单克隆抗体更广。另外还发现某些兼有荧光与中和两活性的同一个单克隆抗体,用不同方法(IF与NT)进行试验时,与相同毒株出现不同表位反应,这点是值得引起注意需待进一步证实的重要问题。     

从我国成人手足口病患者疱液中首次分离出肠道病毒71型

本文报道了从我国手足口病(HFMD)患者疱液中肠道病毒71(E71)型H株的分离和鉴定。该株病毒可在原代人胚肺(HEL)细胞、MA104细胞、BSC细胞中生长繁殖,导致典型的肠道病毒CPE出现。将H株接种乳鼠后出现肢体麻痹、第6天开始死亡。电镜下可见感染H株的BSC细胞胞浆中出现大量的结晶状排列的成熟病毒颗粒,直径约25nm。患者双份血清中有对H株4倍增高的中和抗体存在。采用100抗体单位的抗Cox A5、7、9、16、E70、E71抗体和50抗体单位的LBM组合血清A-H以及抗E71BrCr株MeAb P27对H株进行中和试验时,H株可被抗E71血清和MeAb P27所中和。抗E71抗体对H株的最低有效中和作用为1.6抗体单位,MeAb P27对H株的有效中和作用是64抗体单位。其它血清则无此中和作用。然而,在鉴定过程中发现,高滴度的抗Cox A16抗体(200抗体单位以上)也显出有中和H株的作用,提示我们所分离的H株含有与Cox A16的型间共同抗原。     

HSV在两种细胞培养上抗原出现规律(的观察)及细胞敏感性的比较

本实验观察比较了Hep—2细胞和兔肾细胞对单纯疱疹病毒的敏感性。用免疫荧光法和免疫酶标法检测了细胞培养上HSV抗原出现的规律。实验结果指出:Hep—2细胞和兔肾细胞对HSV的敏感性一致;接种病毒后6小时,可以在Hep—2细胞和兔肾细胞上发现HSV抗原;免疫荧光法和免疫酶标法是进行病毒学研究和病毒感染早期诊断的可靠方法。     

巨细胞病毒冻干保存

The preservation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) by lyophilization was first developed in China. In 4 to 10 days the typical CPE was up to + in the HEL cell line which was inoculated only 0.2 ml suspension of lyophilized strain AD169 or CMV isolated from milk breast. After preserved for 1 year the lyophilized cytomegalovirus strain still contained 1.5-2.0 lgTCID50/0.1 ml in titer of viral infection. The lyophilized strains have been used in the preparation of diagnostic antigen of cytomegalovirus in our department, also the strains were supplied to the whole country.     

菜粉蝶颗粒体病毒对哺乳动物的实验感染

The experimental infection of mammals (such as mouse, golden hamster and nude mouse) was conducted with Pieris rapae Granulosis Virus (PrGV) of baculoviridae of insect virus by way of peritonal and intravenous injection, per os and inhalation. 7-50 days after injection, target insects were reinoculated with the visceral extracts of infected mammals and killed by 5-100%, displaying typical symptom infected by granulosis virus. GV and its latticed structure of inclusion body were found in the ultrathin section of spleen which took out from infected nude mouse via peritoneal injection under electronmicroscope.     

兔小脑延髓池注射纳洛酮对刺激肾神经传入纤维血压效应的影响

本文目的在于用小脑延髓池注射(Ict)受体阻断剂的方法,观察低位脑干阿片样受体与α肾上腺素受体对刺激肾神经传入纤维和主动脉神经降压效应的影响。实验在戊巴比妥钠麻醉兔中进行。Ict人工脑脊液(CSF)对刺激肾神经传入纤维和主动脉神经的降压反应均无明显影响。Ict 550nmol纳洛酮可显著抑制刺激肾神经传入纤维的降压效应,但能明显增强刺激主动脉神经的降压效应。Ict酚妥拉明可显著抑制刺激肾神经传入纤维和主动脉神经的降压效应。Ict纳洛酮可逆转酚妥拉明对刺激主动脉神经的降压效应的抑制,但不影响酚妥拉明对刺激肾神经传入纤维的降压效应的抑制。Ict纳洛酮和酚妥拉明都不影响刺激肾神经传入纤维降压反应与主动脉压力感受性反射的抑制性相互作用。Ict酚妥拉明使MAP显著下降;纳洛酮不影响MAP,但可逆转酚妥拉明降低MAP的作用。上述结果提示,激动低位脑干的阿片样受体可增强刺激肾神经传入纤维的降压作用,减弱刺激主动脉神经的降压作用,激动α肾上腺素受体可增强刺激肾神经传入纤维和主动脉神经的降压反应     

兔下丘脑室旁核刺激引起的肾交感神经传出活动的抑制

本实验用家兔,氯醛糖及尿酯混合静脉麻醉,制动,人工呼吸,颈部分离出三对神经——迷走、窦及主动脉神经,以备实验中切断。记录股动脉压、肾交感神经传出性放电活动(RSED)及其频率幅度直方图。借助脑立体定向仪刺激下丘脑室旁核,当刺激较强时,在交感神经放电短暂增加之后,可引起血压升高及RSED抑制。这一抑制过程可分为两个时相:血压不变期间的初期抑制时相及与血压升高同时并存的后期抑制时相。实验发现RSED总抑制时程及后期抑制时程均与血压变动具有正相关关系,而初期抑制时程与血压变动无相关关系。切断压力感受性神经前后,虽初期抑制时程的均值无显著差异,但在切断压力感受性神经后,总抑制时程及后期抑制时程的均值大大缩短。当用较弱刺激施于室旁核时,可不引起血压变化,但仍能引起RSED抑制。这个抑制亦可因切断压力感受神经而显著缩短。上述实验结果表明:(1) 在中枢内存在着一个室旁核-肾交感传出系统的抑制机制;(2) 初期抑制来源于中枢性抑制机制,而后期抑制时相主要来源于压力感受性反射,但亦有中枢抑制机制的参与;(3) RSED的中枢抑制可能并不是兴奋后压抑,而是自室旁核至脊髓交感节前神经元的主动性抑制。     

用聚合酶链式反应法检测人乳头状瘤病毒DNA

实验研究表明,宫颈癌的发生和发展与人乳头状瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)的感染有着密切关系。约有80％的宫颈癌组织中含有人乳头状瘤病毒第16型(HPV 16)及18型(HPV 18)的DNA,因此,检测宫颈癌组织中的HPV DNA对研究宫颈癌的发生和发展机制以及宫颈癌的防治都有重要意义。目前检测HPV DNA的手段都采用DNA探针杂交技术,该方法要有高比活的同位素,而且费时。聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Rea-     

兔的一种新病毒：Ⅱ.一株兔出血症...

In this paper a strain of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) was isolated and purified from the diseased rabbit livers with a method of using chloroform, two-phase of polyethylene-glycol-dextran sulfate sodium and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Purified virus was nonenveloped, icosahedeal symmetry with a triangulation number of 3, and 33-37 nm in diameter. The capsid was composed of 32 capsomeres with central holes in an outer diameter of about 9nm. Two types of viral particles having different sedimentation coefficient, 130s and 166s could be identified after sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Probably no less than four virion proteins with molecular weight of 66.4, 65.0, 63.5, 41.0 x 10(3) dalton were detected by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Viral nucleic acid was extracted from purified virus by using SDS-proteinase K-phenol. Tests with diphenylamine, formaldehyde, and staining with acridine orange as well as the curves of thermal denaturation showed that this kind of virus had a single-stranded DNA. The molecular weight of the ssDNA was approx 2.1 x 10(6) dalton as determined by electron microscopy. Data indicate that the RHDV may like the parvovirus of the family Parvoviridae.