PNAS：新细胞打印技术细胞存活率接近100％

据物理学家组织网2月10日报道,美国休斯顿卫理公会研究院的研究人员开发出一种可将活细胞打印到任何表面和几乎任何形状上的技术。且整个过程中几乎所有的细胞仍能存活。新技术犹如中国古代木刻版印刷术和现在儿童橡皮印章玩具,与喷墨打印方法有所不同。该研究成果刊登在最新一期的美国《国家科学院院刊》上。     

Comparison of sexual compatibility in crosses between the southern and northern populations of the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi

It is widely accepted that the genetic divergence and reproductive incompat- ibility between closely related species and/or populations is often viewed as an important step toward speciation. In this study, sexual compatibility in crosses between the southern XS population and the northern TA population of the polyandrous cabbage beetle Co- laphellus bowringi was investigated by testing their mating preferences, mating latency, copulation duration, and reproductive performances of post-mating. In choice mating ex- periments, the percentages ofmatings were significantly higher in intra-population crosses than in inter-population crosses. Both isolation index （/） and index of pair sexual isolation （/PSi） indicated partial mating incompatibility or assortative mating in crosses between the two different geographical populations. In single pair mating experiments, XS females in inter-population crosses mated significantly later and copulated significantly shorter than those in intra-population crosses. However, TA females in inter-population crosses mated significantly earlier and copulated longer than those in intra-population crosses, suggesting that larger XS males may enhance heterotypic mating. The lifetime fecundity was highest in XS homotypic matings, lowest in TA homotypic matings, and intermedi- ate in heterotypic rnatings between their parents. The inter-population crosses resulted in significantly lower egg hatching rate and shorter female longevity than intra-population crosses. These results demonstrated that there exist some incompatibilities in premating, postmating-prezygotic, and postzygotic stages between the southern XS population and northern TA population of the cabbage beetle Colaphellus bowringi.     

“生命之树”中的黏菌家族

正什么是"生命之树"?"生命之树"是生物学家采用系统发育和分子进化的手段,用树状图来描述生物物种之间的亲缘关系和进化关系。早期的"生命之树"主要由原生生物、原核生物和真核生物组成。而黏菌属于真核生物的家族成员,介于动物与真菌之间,是一类神奇的生物。她具有绚丽多彩的颜色,营养体阶段能像变形虫一样在基质上爬行、吞噬,繁殖体阶段具有类似真菌的能够产生孢子的子实体。黏菌的系统发育和分子进     

《农业信息分析学》

正书号:978-7-04-037718-7出版时间:2013年11月定价:66.00元字数:63万内容简介"农业信息分析学"是以研究农业信息流动及其应用技术方法为主的一门新兴学科,是高等农业院校和综合性大学农业经济管理、农业信息管理和作物信息科学等专业的一门重要的专业课。本书是国内第一本《农业信息分析学》教材,作者为该学科的主要创立人之一。本书按照农业信息分析理论、方法和应用分为三篇,共设九章叙述了农业信息分析的理论基础,介绍了农业信息采集、处理和推送方法,并针对农情、食物安全、农业风险和农产品市场等信息分别进行了专业分析。     

Digital imaging approaches for phenotyping whole plant nitrogen and phosphorus response in Bracbypodium distacbyon

This work evaluates the phenotypic response of the model grass （Brachypodium distacbyon （L.） P. Beauv.） to nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition using a combination of imaging techniques and destructive harvest of shoots and roots. Reference line Bd21-3 was grown in pots using 11 phosphorus and 11 nitrogen concentrations to establish a dose-response curve. Shoot biovolume and biomass, root length and biomass, and tissue phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations increased with nutrient concentration. Shoot biovolume, estimated by imaging, was highly correlated with dry weight （R2 〉 0.92） and both biovolume and growth rate responded strongly to nutrient availability. Higher nutrient supply increased nodal root length more than other root types. Photochemical efficiency was strongly reduced by low phosphorus concentrations as early as 1 week after germination, suggesting that this measurement may be suitable for high throughput screening of phosphorus response. In contrast, nitrogen concentration had little effect on photochemical efficiency. Changes in biovolume over time were used to compare growth rates of four accessions in response tonitrogen and phosphorus supply. We demonstrate that a time series image-based approach coupled with mathematical modeling provides higher resolution of genotypic response to nutrient supply than traditional destructive techniques and shows promise for high throughput screening and determina- tion of genomic regions associated with superior nutrient use efficiency.     

夏季减肥正当时——中医教你夏季合理减肥瘦身

正出夜诊时,一位端庄时尚年轻的女士走到诊室跟我说:"马大夫,我给你介绍一个客户。"我吃了一惊,心想,我又不是做生意的,为什么叫客户?原来,这位女士介绍的所谓"客户"是他的丈夫——某电视健康栏目策划人,他说,她太太有些肥胖伴有睡眠障碍,经过我4副药调节,睡眠大有改善,体重也略有减少。因此,专程过来一方面调养一下胃肠问题,另一方     

温抗体型自身免疫性溶血性贫血的诊治进展

自身免疫性溶血性贫血(AIHI)按照自身抗体作用于红细胞时所需的温度分为温抗体型AIHI(WAIHI)和冷抗体型AIHI(CAIHI),以WAIHI居多,并且多为继发性。WAIHI的发病与温度没有显著的相关关系,其发病是由各种原因引起的免疫机制变异,主要包括基因遗传因素、自身免疫调节异常及免疫因素等,导致针对自身红细胞的抗体产生,再与红细胞膜表面抗原结合,它是一种会使自身红细胞破坏或者缩短寿命的比较难以治疗的贫血,目前治疗AIHI首选疗法为肾上腺皮质激素(激素),有效率可达80%,大剂量静脉注射丙种球蛋白(IVIG)、输血、切除脾等方法的使用也在实践中逐渐增多,并且疗效可观。近年来对温抗体型自身免疫性溶血性贫血的诊治进展的研究越来越多。     

糖尿病足治疗新进展

糖尿病足溃烂是糖尿病的常见慢性并发症,以高发生率、高致残率、经济负担重,治疗时间长及高死亡率严重影响病人的生活质量甚至威胁生命,我国糖尿病协会于2010年11月14公布我国糖尿病的患病者已达9240万,除此之外糖尿病前期患者已达1.482亿。而在糖尿病患者中糖尿病足的发病率达到1.7%-11.9%;糖尿病患者中有15%的患者一生中有患糖尿病足的倾向,因此对于糖尿病足的治疗显得尤为重要,本文从糖尿病足的病因、机制,微环境变化着手,重点阐述糖尿病足传统的中西医疗法及目前的手术、介入及干细胞治疗方法的近况,旨在探讨各种方法的优点和不足及可开拓的空间,为进一步治疗糖尿病足提供一定的理论依据,为糖尿病足新方法的研究提供一些新的思维方式。     

慢性乙肝患者的心理健康情况调查分析

目的:本文针对乙肝患者存在的心理障碍,提出相应的干预方法,为提高乙肝患者的心理健康水平及治疗效果提供理论依据。方法:选取2011年1月-2012年11月在我院接受治疗的慢性乙型肝炎患者80例作为研究组,另选取80位同期在我院接受体检的健康人群为对照组。针对两组对象的焦虑、抑郁、偏执等心理问题设计问卷调查,统计并分析调查结果。结果:观察组患者的焦虑及抑郁评分明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组中,病情重的患者焦虑及抑郁评分高于病情轻、中度的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:慢性乙型肝炎患者的心理压力对治疗有影响,医护人员应积极的对乙肝患者进行心理疏导,帮助其树立自信、摆脱心理障碍,以积极的心态配合治疗,从而获得良好的疗效。