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81.
为了进一步了解气候变化背景下高山土壤生态过程, 2010 年11 月-2011 年4 月在青藏高原东缘采用PVC 管原位培养土壤的方法, 研究了雪况(积雪厚度和积雪周期)对土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性的影响。结果显示, 土壤温度和土壤含水量与覆雪状况具有显著的相关性。积雪厚度显著影响了微生物生物量和土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、纤维素酶活性, 表现为30 cm 积雪时微生物生物量和三种酶活均明显高于50 cm 和100 cm 的值。积雪周期对微生物生物量和酶活没有显著影响。而两者的交互作用在微生物生物量和酶活性上均表现出显著的效应。说明了气候变暖背景下冬季覆雪的变化会显著改变土壤微生物生物量和活性, 进而对土壤C、N 相关的生物化学过程产生影响。 相似文献
82.
目的:研究阴道超声监测卵泡发育及子宫内膜厚度变化对治疗不孕症妇女的临床价值。方法:选取从2015年4月至2016年9月于我院收治的71例不孕症患者记为观察组。另取同期正常体检者71例记为对照组。分别采用阴道超声对两的卵泡发育以及子宫内膜厚度情况进行监测,观察两组卵泡成熟情况、子宫内膜厚度变化。结果:观察组卵泡成熟占比显著低于对照组,而无卵泡发育占比显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组子宫内膜三线型人数占比显著低于对照组,而均质型人数占比显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。观察组排卵前卵泡直径与子宫内膜厚度均显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论:阴道超声监测卵泡发育及子宫内膜厚度变化对不孕症的临床诊断以及治疗均有重要的临床价值。 相似文献
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摘要 目的:探讨视网膜病变早产儿视网膜厚度与血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、色素上皮衍生因子(pigment epithelium derived factor,PEDF)表达的相关性。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,2016年2月到2021年6月选择在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院眼科就诊的早产儿视网膜病变患儿80例作为观察组,同期选择足月视网膜病变患儿80例作为对照组,测定两组患儿视网膜厚度,检测血管新生细胞因子-PEDF与VEGF表达情况,对两者进行相关性分析。结果:观察组患儿的颞侧、上方、下方的视网膜神经纤维层厚度都显著高于对照组,两组对比差异明显(P<0.05)。观察组患儿的血清VEGF水平高于对照组,PEDF水平低于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在观察组患儿中,Pearson相关系数相关性分析显示血清PEDF水平与VEGF水平呈现显著负相关性(r=-0.341, P<0.05);患儿颞侧、上方、下方的视网膜神经纤维层厚度与血清PEDF水平成显著负相关性(P<0.05),与血清VEGF水平成显著正相关性(P<0.05)。多元logistic回归分析显示血清PEDF、VEGF水平都为导致早产儿视网膜厚度发生的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论:早产儿视网膜厚度均高于足月儿,血管新生细胞因子PEDF、VEGF呈现异常表达情况,视网膜厚度与PEDF、VEGF的表达都有一定的相关性,PEDF、VEGF也为导致早产儿视网膜病变发生的重要因素。 相似文献
85.
采用人体测量法,在海南琼海随机测量了643例(城男160例,城女150例;乡男174例,乡女159例)汉族成人的6项皮褶(面颊、肱二头肌、肱三头肌、肩胛下、髂前上棘、腓肠肌皮褶)厚度。结果显示:1)海南汉族成人皮下脂肪发育躯干优于四肢,并以背部最突出。2)城市男性皮褶厚度高于乡村男性,差异有统计学意义;乡村女性除面颊皮褶和肱二头肌皮褶厚度较城市女性低外,其他4项皮褶厚度均高于城市女性,差异有统计学意义。3)6项皮褶厚度女性均高于男性,差异有统计学意义。4)相关分析和方差分析显示:城乡男性面颊皮褶、肩胛下皮褶,乡村男性髂前上棘皮褶和腓肠肌皮褶厚度与年龄呈正相关;城乡女性面颊皮褶、肩胛下皮褶、髂前上棘皮褶厚度与年龄呈正相关。5)与其他9个国内族群比较,海南男性皮褶厚度与山西汉族、布里亚特蒙古族比较接近;海南女性与山东汉族、俄罗斯族、乌孜别克族、山西汉族、布里亚特蒙古族比较接近。海南汉族皮褶厚度具有北方族群的特征。 相似文献
86.
目的:探讨三七总皂苷对支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症及气道重建的影响。方法:选择昆明种小鼠24只,将其随机分为三七总皂苷(PNS)治疗组、阳性对照组(哮喘组)和阴性对照组,每组8只。小鼠腹腔内注射氢氧化铝-卵清蛋白悬浊液(OVA-Al(OH)3)进行致敏,致敏完成后用2%卵清蛋白溶液(OVA)雾化激发,在激发前30分钟给药治疗,雾化激发6周。建模完成后,做心肺组织灌流,取左肺固定做HE染色,镜下观察评估气道病理学改变(气道狭窄阻塞率、气道上皮坏死糜烂率、上皮细胞杯状化生率、炎性细胞浸润率及平滑肌增生率);行免疫组织化学染色,用图像分析软件半定量测量转化生长因子-beta1(TGF-β1)的含量;行特殊染色,用图像分析软件测量基底膜厚度;取右肺组织,利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定肺组织匀浆白介素-17(IL-17)因子的水平。结果:1各组小鼠经心肺组织灌流后,与哮喘组比较,三七治疗组小鼠的肺部红肿减轻,肺表颜色较正常组略微泛红。2三七治疗组气道狭窄率、上皮细胞坏死率、炎细胞浸润率、平滑肌增生率均显著低于哮喘组(P0.05),但与正常组比较无显著性差异(P0.05)。3三七治疗组气道上皮细胞TGF-β1含量显著低于哮喘组(P0.001),肺组织白介素-17含量降低至哮喘组一半以下(P0.05),与对照组相比均无显著性差异(P=0.94,P=0.23)。4哮喘组、三七组和对照组小鼠的支气管基底膜厚度分别为(0.7893±0.014)、(0.7216±0.016)、(0.5655±0.012)μm,哮喘组显著高于三七组和对照组,均具有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:三七总皂苷可以有效改善支气管哮喘小鼠的气道重建,并抑制其气道炎性。 相似文献
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89.
The thickness of the cranial vault at the midline on the mid-frontal squama, pre-bregmatic einence, frontal at bregma, parietal at vertex, occipital at lambda and the external occipita1 protuberance was recorded in 40 male and 7 female Northern Chinese crania, 47 male and 52 female Australian Aboriginal crania and 13 male European crania using specially nodified vernier calipers. Comparison of vault thickness data obtained through direct measurement with those obtained fron lateral radiographs indicated that direct measurenent provided consistently more accurate results.
Male and fermale samples were processed separately so that the extent of sexbased variation could be examined.Student's t test was used to compare the sample means and the percentage of sexual dimorphism for each dimension was calculated according to Garn et al, (1964).The possibility of an allometric association between the thickness of the bones within the cranial vault, size of the cranial vault and stature was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the Australian Aboriginal sample.
All but one of the mean thickness dimensions in the Australian Aboriginal male sample is significantly greater than the Northern Chinese and European means. The female results support those obtained with the males.In both males and females thickness at the external occipital protuberance, in all of the populations examined,did not correlate highly with that obtained from other parts of the cranial vault.This reflects the high degree of morphological variation in the position of the internal occipital protuberance and its influence on cranial vault thickness dimensions recorded at the external occipital protuberance.The European and Northern Chinese samples have similar cranial vault thickness dimensions. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient matrix scores provide sone support for a biological association between vault thickness and overall cranial size. However, there appears to be little support for an association between stature and cranial vault thickness. The difference between the male and female mean vault thickness dimensions were significant at bregma, vertex and the external occipital protuberance in Australian Aboriginals and lambda and the external occipital protuberance in Northern Chinese. Some caution is needed in the interpretation of the Northern Chinese female data as the sample is extremely small.
Evidence of trauma, supressed fractures, is extremely common on the vaults of Australian Aboriginal crania from southern and central Australia. Traditionally Australian Aboriginals, males and females, involved in agressive dispute will use a substantial wooden implement and strike to the head of thir opponent(Meggitt 1962).The injuries that result from this are more common in females than in male. This form of social interaction must have rigorously selected against those individuals with thinner bones in their cranial vaults. To a large degree this may explain the greatly thickened vaults in Australian Aboriginals relative to Europeans and Northern Chines.This may also provide a clue to the factors resulting in the development of marked cranial vault thickness in Homo erectus.
相似文献
Male and fermale samples were processed separately so that the extent of sexbased variation could be examined.Student's t test was used to compare the sample means and the percentage of sexual dimorphism for each dimension was calculated according to Garn et al, (1964).The possibility of an allometric association between the thickness of the bones within the cranial vault, size of the cranial vault and stature was examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and the Australian Aboriginal sample.
All but one of the mean thickness dimensions in the Australian Aboriginal male sample is significantly greater than the Northern Chinese and European means. The female results support those obtained with the males.In both males and females thickness at the external occipital protuberance, in all of the populations examined,did not correlate highly with that obtained from other parts of the cranial vault.This reflects the high degree of morphological variation in the position of the internal occipital protuberance and its influence on cranial vault thickness dimensions recorded at the external occipital protuberance.The European and Northern Chinese samples have similar cranial vault thickness dimensions. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient matrix scores provide sone support for a biological association between vault thickness and overall cranial size. However, there appears to be little support for an association between stature and cranial vault thickness. The difference between the male and female mean vault thickness dimensions were significant at bregma, vertex and the external occipital protuberance in Australian Aboriginals and lambda and the external occipital protuberance in Northern Chinese. Some caution is needed in the interpretation of the Northern Chinese female data as the sample is extremely small.
Evidence of trauma, supressed fractures, is extremely common on the vaults of Australian Aboriginal crania from southern and central Australia. Traditionally Australian Aboriginals, males and females, involved in agressive dispute will use a substantial wooden implement and strike to the head of thir opponent(Meggitt 1962).The injuries that result from this are more common in females than in male. This form of social interaction must have rigorously selected against those individuals with thinner bones in their cranial vaults. To a large degree this may explain the greatly thickened vaults in Australian Aboriginals relative to Europeans and Northern Chines.This may also provide a clue to the factors resulting in the development of marked cranial vault thickness in Homo erectus.
相似文献
90.
作为胚胎发育的屏障,卵壳特征如卵壳厚度和气孔密度具有重要的生态学意义。本文研究了高寒草甸繁殖的7种代表性雀形目鸟类角百灵(Eremophila alpestris)、小云雀(Alauda gulgula)、黄头鹡鸰(Motacilla citreola)、树麻雀(Passer montanus)、粉红胸鹨(Anthus roseatus)、黄嘴朱顶雀(Carduelis flavirostris)、赭红尾鸲(Phoenicurus ochruros)的卵与卵壳特征,以探索在高寒缺氧环境下,不同科鸟类的适应性调节。结果发现,7种鸟类中,除小云雀和角百灵之外,其他鸟类的卵与卵壳特征均有显著的种间差异(除卵壳厚度和气孔直径之外);对7种鸟类卵壳厚度、气孔密度、卵体积、卵重之间的线性拟合显示,卵壳厚度、卵体积与气孔密度均无显著相关性(卵壳厚度:P = 0.11,卵体积:P = 0.09),卵重、卵体积与卵壳厚度呈显著正相关(卵重:r2 = 0.46,P < 0.001;卵体积:r2 = 0.44,P < 0.001);对7种鸟类卵的数据与繁殖期雌鸟平均体重的线性拟合结果显示:平均卵重、卵壳厚度的差异与雌鸟体重成正相关(卵重:r2 = 0.66,P = 0.03;卵壳厚度:r2 = 0.92,P < 0.01);对6种鸟类(缺乏粉红胸鹨窝卵数数据)卵的数据与孵卵相关变量的线性拟合结果显示:卵壳厚度及气孔率与窝卵数成负相关(卵壳厚度:r2 = 0.64,P = 0.056;气孔率:r2 = 0.87,P < 0.01),6种鸟类(缺乏树麻雀巢杯指数数据)气孔率与巢杯指数或巢型无显著相关性(巢杯指数:P = 0.49,巢型:P = 0.435)。卵表面积和总气孔数解释了大部分气孔率差异(87%),卵重和气孔率与孵卵期无显著相关(P = 0.77),气孔率显著低于预期气孔率(P<0.001)。这些结果表明,种间的遗传性(如成鸟的形态、窝卵数等)决定了大部分卵与卵壳特性的差异,但是为适应高寒低氧的气候特征,不同种的鸟都具有相对厚的卵壳和低的气孔率特征,说明环境因素同样影响卵的进化。另外,单纯的卵特性(卵体积和气孔率)并不能决定孵卵期的长短,亲鸟的孵卵行为同样具有重要的影响,角百灵虽然离巢频率相对较高,但是孵卵期却相对较短,这可能与其较高的气孔率有关。 相似文献