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淀粉是稻米胚乳的主要组成成分,而淀粉含量和性质的差异又直接决定稻米的品质。早期关于稻米淀粉的研究局限于其组成成分、品种间含量的差异以及稻米淀粉合成的经典遗传学方面。随着现代分子生物学和转基因技术的发展,稻米品质、淀粉的生物合成及其分子调控成为研究热点。随着淀粉合成相关基因的克隆、分子特性及其表达调控的研究取得了较大进展,人们也开始尝试利用现代基因工程技术,高效地改良稻米品质,如提高或降低淀粉含量及改变支链淀粉的结构。本文从综述稻米淀粉的组成、结构和淀粉合成相关酶的研究进展入手。探讨了转基因技术改良稻米品质的研究进展和发展前景。 相似文献
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Computational Prediction of Rice (Oryza sativa) miRNA Targets 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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郭咏梅 《植物遗传资源学报》2011,12(6):971-974
用AAS方法测定了弥勒县相同生态条件下种植的27份有色稻和34份普通稻糙米4种矿质元素含量,并对有色米和普通米Fe、Zn、Cu和Mn含量进行了比较研究。结果表明,有色稻米4种矿质元素含量明显高于无色稻米,其差异均达显著水平,其含量高低依次为Zn>Fe>Cu>Mn;对黑、褐、红、黄、绿5种不同种皮颜色的稻米4种矿质元素含量进行比较研究,发现稻米Fe含量(mg/kg)依次为黑>绿>褐>红>黄,Zn含量(mg/kg)依次为绿>红>黑>褐>黄,Cu含量(mg/kg)依次为黑>褐>红>黄>绿,Mn含量(mg/kg)依次为褐>黑>红>黄>绿;并且Fe和Mn含量在不同颜色稻米间差异均达显著水平,与有色米种皮颜色密切相关,而Zn和Cu差异不显著,与有色米种皮颜色关系不大。黑米和褐米富Fe、Zn、Cu和Mn,绿米富Fe和Zn,红米富Zn和Cu,黄米4种矿质元素含量较低,Fe、Cu和Mn均低于普通稻米。 相似文献
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以氨基酸自动分析仪测定稻米赖氨酸含量为参照标准。在“茚三酮测定赖氨酸含量”(A法)的基础上,对该法中大米蛋白质的提取温度和时间、色温度和时间及茚三酮用量等条件进行了探讨,提出了稻米赖氨酸含量快速测(B法)。提取条件为90℃5分钟,显色条件为90℃20分钟;茚三酮试剂用1 ml。用B法对10个大米样品进行测定,赖氨酸含量与氨基酸分析仪测得的赖含量基本上一致,无显著差异(P>0.05)。 相似文献
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Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Appearance and Milling Quality Using a Doubled-Haploid Rice Population 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gong-Hao JIANG Xue-Yu HONG Cai-Guo XU Xiang-Hua LI Yu-Qing HE 《植物学报(英文版)》2005,47(11):1391-1403
Improving grain quality, which is composed primarily of the appearance of the grain and its cooking and milling attributes, is a major objective of many rice-producing areas in China. In the present study, we conducted a marker-based genetic analysis of the appearance and milling quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains using a doubled-haploid population derived from a cross between the indica inbred Zhenshan 97 strain and the japonica inbred Wuyujing 2 strain. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using a mixed linear model approach revealed that the traits investigated were affected by one to seven QTLs that individually explained 4.0%-30.7% of the phenotypic variation. Cumulatively, the QTL for each trait explained from 12.9% to 61.4% of the phenotypic variation. Some QTLs tended to have a pleiotropic or location-linked association as a cause of the observed phenotypic correlations between different traits. Improvement of the characteristics of grain appearance and grain weight, as well as an improvement in the milling quality of rice grains, would be expected by a recombination of different QTLs using marker-assisted selection. 相似文献
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