睡眠研究的科学前沿

关于睡眠机制的研究是一门历史悠久的学科.在过去的几十年中,运用细胞电生理学来研究睡眠取得了可喜的成果.由于种种技术上的困难,近年来该领域的研究多集中于临床和医学范围,例如嗜睡症、抑郁症等.虽说睡眠的节律性较易理解,但作为其本质———睡眠的基因和分子水平的自动平衡调节仍是一个谜.细胞因子(IL-1和TNFα)对睡眠的诱导作用已显示从分子水平上了解睡眠的可能性.到目前为止,关于睡眠的功能已有不少理论和假说,但人类对睡眠的生化机制的认识尚处于起步阶段.     

哈慈下午茶的治病机理及独特品质

哈慈下午茶以五加参根茎叶为原料,发挥“全五加”的功效,具有抗疲劳、耐缺氧和改善睡眠的作用。五加参能促进机体蛋白质和核酸的合成,促进乳酸和丙酮酸的代谢,增加糖元的储备,故有抗疲劳作用。五加参能显著抑制苯甲酸钠咖啡因引起的小鼠自发活动的增加,并能显著延长异戊巴比妥钠所致小鼠睡眠时间,缩短入睡的潜伏期。五加参能显著提高小鼠在低压和常压缺氧条件下的存活率,显著降低小鼠整体耗氧量。     

中国人前列腺癌VEGF—C mRNA、VEGFR-3和CD31表达与肿瘤转移的关系

The expressions of VEGF-C mRNA, VEGFR-3 and CD31 were studied in order to investigate the correlation between them and neoangiogenesis, hyperplasia of micro-lymphatics and tumor metastases. 34 cases of prostate cancer tissue and 12 cases of adjacent nontumorous tissue specimens were tested. They were marked by VEGFR-3 and CD31 with immunohistochemistic staining and analyzed with image, the micro-lymphatics count (MLC) and microvessel density (MVD) were counted using Weidner's highest vessel density count method; the expression of VEGF-C mRNA was inspected in situ hybridization. The expression of VEGF-C mRNA was 44.12% positive in 34 cases of prostate cancer, the MLC (8.26 +/- 2.73)mm2 and MVD (74.82 +/- 11.76)mm2 in prostate cancer were significantly higher than those in adjacent nontumorous tissue (MLC, 4.82 +/- 3.48/mm2; MVD, 32.86 +/- 5.41/mm2). In addition, there was a correlation between the expression of VEGF-C mRNA and micro-lymphatics metastases and there was a positive correlation between the expression of VEGFR-3 and CD31. The expressions of VEGF-C mRNA , MLC, MVD in stage III and IV and those who have lymph metastasis were higher than those in stage I and II and those who have no lymph metastasis; the expressions of VEGFR-3 and CD31 in VEGF-C mRNA positive groups were significantly higher than those in negative groups. The difference of histopathologic grading in prostate cancer had no statistical significance. VEGF-C could accelerate the hyperplasia of micro-lymphatics and neoangiogenesis induced by tumor and play an important role in tumor lymph metastases. There was a close correlation between the expressions of VEGFR-3, CD31 and tumor metastases. The increase of MLC and MVD on prostate cancer indicated the hyperplasia of new micro-lymphatics and neoangiogenesis in the tumor tissue, which could also be a signal to determine the tumor metastases in clinic.     

基于Flexible ICA的睡眠EEG及EOG中心电伪差的消除

提出了一种采用自适应非线性函数的ICA学习算法,Flexible ICA算法,并将其应用于睡眠EEG自动分期的前期预处理中,用于消除采集到的各通道信号中的心电伪差.实验结果证明,Flexible ICA算法能够快速有效的消除各通道的心电伪差,为后期的睡眠EEG自动分期打下了良好的基础.     

睡眠大脑的不连通性

当我们入睡时,意识渐渐消失．但大脑仍保持活跃,一项新研究帮助解释了这个现象。研究人员在实验对象进入睡眠之前和之后,测量了他们大脑皮层不同部分之间的连通性程度。他们通过轻度刺激皮层的一小部分,然后记录整个大脑的电活动,来测量。实验对象对研究人员用的磁性刺激没有感觉。当实验对象醒着时,电活动很快地从初始刺激点广泛传播开。     

饮酒可导致睡眠呼吸障碍

蝴蝶兰是世界上栽培最广泛、最普及的洋兰品种之一．素有“洋兰王后”的美称。它以色彩艳丽,品种多样,姿态婀娜博得世人的青睐。蝴蝶兰属单轴型兰花,一生只产生1条主茎和1个生长点,所以普通的营养繁殖只能利用开花后梗节间生出的小莆来实施,严重制约其扩繁速度。蝴蝶兰有性繁殖需经人工授粉才能获得种子、每一荚果中可产生约1万～100万粒种子,     

经直肠超声在直肠癌术前分期中的应用及进展

直肠癌治疗手段主要为根治性切除术为主并辅以放化疗治疗;肿瘤侵润的范围、淋巴结及远处转移的有无构成了临床TNM分期并影响着直肠癌的治疗和判断预后。经直肠超声检查术(Transrectal ultrasound,TRUS)可以显示直肠壁各层组织的变化,不仅对肿瘤浸润深度诊断准确性较高,而且提高了术前对肠周淋巴结转移诊断的准确性,对直肠癌术前的TNM分期具有重要的意义,从而指导医师选择最佳的手术方式及是否需要术前放化疗以达到根治直肠癌、提高患者生活质量与延长寿命的目的。     

晚安，妈妈

美国近期的一项研究表明，半数的美国妈妈都处于睡眠不足的状态。这些妈妈们普遍认为充足的睡眠会使她们成为更称职的妈妈。     

18F-FDG PET/CT 在宫颈癌诊断及分期中的临床价值

目的:探讨氟代脱氧葡萄糖(~(18)F-FDG)正电子发射断层显像/X线计算机体层成像仪(PET/CT)检查在局灶早期宫颈癌中的临床应用价值。方法:53例病理确诊为早期宫颈癌的患者行全身~(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查,并在检查结束10日内行广泛性全子宫切除术+双附件切除术+盆腔淋巴结清扫术,计算~(18)F-FDG PET/CT诊断宫颈原发部位肿瘤及盆腔淋巴结转移的敏感度,特异度与准确度。结果:~(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查诊断的宫颈原发部位肿瘤的敏感度为79.25%,特异度为86.79%,准确度为84.9%;以病人为单位诊断盆腔淋巴结转移的准确度为85.71%,特异度为97.87%;以淋巴结为单位诊断盆腔淋巴结转移的准确度为84.61%,特异度为99.00%。结论:PET/CT显像对宫颈癌诊断,分期诊断及盆腔淋巴结转移的检出具有重要临床意义。