不同培养条件对鸡胚胎生殖细胞Oct4启动子DNA甲基化的影响

旨在在体外通过胚胎生殖细胞(EGC)和细胞外基质共同构建一个EGC的小生境(niche)模型,通过比较Oct4DNA甲基化的变化,研究niche中特有的表观遗传效应对胚胎生殖细胞自我更新的影响.构建EGC细胞标准培养方案(对照组)和改良培养方案(试验组),采用甲基化特异性PCR( MS-PCR)技术、RT-PCR技术,对比分析两种培养方案中Oct4启动子的甲基化状态,判断基因表达与其CpG岛甲基化的关系,分析DNA甲基化模式与EGC细胞自我更新的关系.结果显示,试验组可扩增出Oct4的非甲基化扩增产物,而对照组为其甲基化扩增产物,试验组Oct4表达水平明显高于对照组.试验组EGC生长状态明显好于对照组.试验表明,在改良培养条件下,Oct4基因启动子DNA甲基化程度较低,且与基因表达水平呈负相关,更有利于维持胚胎生殖细胞的自我更新状态.     

nanos同源基因在黑脊倒刺鲃生殖细胞中的表达研究

目的:研究黑脊倒刺鲃scnanos的核苷酸序列及其在配子发生中的空间表达特征,以期为鱼类生殖发育研究提供一个有效的分子标记。方法:RT-PCR法首次克隆出scnanos基因,并检测其在不同组织中的表达水平,进而原位杂交法检测其在性腺中的表达水平。结果:scnanos开放阅读框长456bp,编码152个氨基酸。其具有较高的保守性,与鲤鱼、斑马鱼、家蚕、大熊猫、紫色球海胆的相似性分别为81%、63%、52%、50%、44%;scnanos仅在性腺表达,精子发生中,scnanos仅在精原细胞和精母细胞中表达。卵子发生的各时期都发现有scnanos的表达,且杂交信号的强度都随着配子发生的进行逐渐减弱。结论:该研究得到的scnanos是斑马鱼nanos的同源基因,而且此基因适合作为黑脊倒刺鲃及其它鱼类生殖发育研究的有效分子标记基因。     

生殖细胞也喝“孟婆汤”吗?——介绍一些“外遗传学”

按照佛教的轮回说,生命是不灭的。这一世的结束不过是下一世的开始,但是下一世的人无法拥有上一世的记忆。在投胎转世之前,人人都必须走过"奈何桥"。在那里,喝了"孟婆汤"以后,这一世的记忆就全部消失了,这样下一世才得以从     

The role of MAPK and FAS death receptor pathways in testicular germ cell apoptosis induced by lead

The aim of the present study is to investigate gene expression involved in the signal pathway of MAPK and death signal receptor pathway of FAS in lead- induced apoptosis of testicular germ cells. First, cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay. Second, using single cell gel-electrophoresis test （comet assay） and TUNEL staining technique, apoptotic rate and cell apoptosis localization of testicular germ cells were measured in mice treated with 0.15%, 0.3%, and 0.6% lead, respectively. Third, the immunolocalization of K-ras, c-fos, Fas, and active caspase-3 proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry. Finally, changes in the translational levels of K-ras, c-fos, Fas, and active caspase-3 were further detected by western blot analysis. Our results showed that lead could significantly induce testicular germ cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner （P 〈 0.01）. The mechanisms were closely related to the increased expressions of K-ras, c-fos, Fas, and active caspase-3 in apoptotic germ cells. In conclusion, K-ras/c-fos and Fas/caspase-3 death signafing receptor pathways were involved in the lead-induced apoptosis of the testicular germ cells in mice.     

饲养层及细胞因子对鸡PGCs体外培养的影响

原始生殖细胞(PGCs)具备发育全能性,而且数量较多,与数量较少的内细胞团(ICM)相比更有利于进行分离克隆.不同动物的PGCs的生长条件不同,因此建立适宜的培养体系是PGCs培养的关键.对饲养层细胞及细胞因子对鸡PGCs体外培养的影响作了简单的介绍.     

Tudor and its domains： germ cell formation from a Tudor perspective

In many metazoan species, germ cell formation requires the germ plasm, a specialized cytoplasm which often contains electron dense structures. Genes required for germ cell formation in Drosophila have been isolated predominantly in screens for maternal-effect mutations. One such gene is tudor (tud); without proper tud function germ cell formation does not occur. Unlike other genes involved in Drosophila germ cell specification tud is dispensable for other somatic functions such as abdominal patterning. It is not known how TUD contributes at a molecular level to germ cell formation but in tud mutants, polar granule formation is severely compromised, and mitochondrially encoded ribosomal RNAs do not localize to the polar granule. TUD is composed of 11 repeats of the protein motif called the Tudor domain. There are similar proteins to TUD in the germ line of other metazoan species including mice. Probable vertebrate orthologues of Drosophila genes involved in germ cell specification will be discussed.     

抗真菌药物影响生殖细胞发育机理的研究

目的：探讨抗真菌药物对促性腺激素诱导的卵母细胞成熟的机理。方法：用小鼠卵母细胞体外培养模型,将小鼠卵母细胞培养在含有次黄嘌呤（ＨＸ,卵母细胞成熟抑制物）的培养注中,观察促卵泡生成素（ＦＳＨ）、两性毒素Ｂ、酮康唑对卵母细胞减数分裂恢复的影响。结果：①ＦＳＨ（１０￣２００ＩＵ／Ｌ）显著刺激卵丘－卵母细胞复合体（ＣＥＯ）克服ＨＸ的抑制而恢复减数分裂,该作用具有剂量依赖性（Ｐ〈０．０５）;②两性霉素Ｂ（０     

鱼类的性别

生活在各种水域的约24000种鱼类,除了少数种类外,都有雌雄两种性别之分。雌雄两种生殖细胞结合发育而成的下一代,由于具备了两个亲体的遗传性,因而才具有更大的生活力,才能更好地适应变化着的外界环境。     

果蝇生殖细胞的性别决定

体细胞将随着个体生命的结束而消亡,生殖细胞却随着物种的繁衍而永生,所以,了解生殖细胞的性别决定有着更深刻的意义。但目前对果蝇生殖细胞性别决定机制的认识还远不如体细胞的那么清晰,就已获得的资料看,两者是迴然不同的。与体细胞相比,生殖细胞的性别分化机制要更为复杂一些。