罗哌卡因腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉在剖宫产手术中的应用效果

目的:探讨罗哌卡因腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉在剖宫产手术中的应用效果及安全性,为妇科手术麻醉提供可借鉴的方法。方法:对我院于2012年2月至2013年2月期间收治的100例行剖宫产术患者,均于腰硬联合麻醉方式下进行手术,按照随机数字表法,分为观察组50例与对照组50例,分别使用甲磺酸罗哌卡因与盐酸布比卡因进行麻醉,观察与对比两组患者的麻醉效果与不良反应。结果:观察组患者的运动阻滞起效时间、运动阻滞维持时间均显著低于对照组患者,差异存在统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者与对照组患者在不良反应方面比较,差异不存在统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:罗哌卡因腰麻联合硬膜外麻醉在剖宫产手术中,产生的麻醉效果快速,且安全可靠性有保障,具备临床推广应用的价值。     

预负荷／共同负荷联合血管收缩药对腰麻剖宫产术血流动力学变化

目的探讨预负荷／共同负荷联合小剂量血管收缩药盐酸麻黄碱注射液（上海信谊金朱药业有限公司）、盐酸去氧肾上腺索注射液（上海禾丰制药有限公司）对腰麻剖官产术中血流动力学的变化及预防低血压的有效性及安全性。方法选择剖官产术90例,随机分为3组,每组30例．ASAI～Ⅱ级。预负荷晶体液乳酸林格氏注射液（石家庄西药有限公司）6～8ml／kg联合共同负荷输入羟乙基淀粉130／0．4氯化钠溶液（万汶,北京费森尤斯卡比医药有限公司）10ml／kg。术中监测记录SBP、DBP、HR、ECG、SpO2。结果预负荷／共同负荷联合血管收缩药预防剖宫产术腰麻后低血压。P组和E组的低血压发生率明显低于C组（P〈0．05）;P组术中HR低于E组和C组。预防恶心、呕吐给于盐酸昂丹司琼注射液（齐鲁制药有限公司）,不良反应少,无明显呼吸抑制、无术后头痛现象。结论预负荷／共同负荷联合小剂量血管收缩药,有效降低腰麻后低血压的发生率,去氧肾上腺素比麻黄碱能更好维持产妇血流动力学的稳定。对新生儿无不良影响,安全。     

中国大陆摩蜂麻蝇属的修订研究(双翅目,麻蝇科,蜂麻蝇亚科)(英文)

对中国大陆的摩蜂麻蝇属Amobia Robineau-Desvoidy已知种类进行了修订。我国大陆记载的Amobia distorta(Allen)应为A.quatei Kurahashi。提供了大陆已知摩蜂麻蝇属A.signata、A.quatei与台湾分布的A.oculata区分的检索表。     

Molecular Assessment and Taxonomic Status of the Rapid Racerunner （Eremias velox complex） with Particular Attention to the Populations in Northwestern China

The rapid racerunner,Eremias velox,is a widely distributed lizard from the northern Caucasus across entire Central Asia eastward to China.It is increasingly common to accept E.velox as a species complex in its entire range.To date,published morphological and molecular systematic hypotheses of this complex are only partially congruent,and its taxonomic status and evolutionary history are still far from clear.The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and12S rRNA sequences were used to evaluate the taxonomy of this complex,with particular attention to the phylogenetic placement of populations in northwestern China.Examination of the phylogenetic analyses recovers seven distinct,biogeographically discrete,and well-supported clades,revealing genetically identifiable populations corresponding to some previously morphology-defined subspecies.Chinese E.v.roborowskii appears to have split from other Central Asian rapid racerunner lizards well before differentiation occurred among the latter taxa.Specifically,we corroborate that there are two subspecies occurring in China,i.e.,E.v.velox and E.v.roborowskii.We recommend a novel subspecific status for the phenotypically and genetically distinct populations in southern Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan previously assigned to E.v.velox.Finally,each of the three independently evolving lineages from Iranian Plateau should be recognized as three species new to science under the general lineage concept.     

MHC Class I Exon 4 in the Multiocellated Racerunners （Eremias multiocellata）： Polymorphism,Duplication and Selection

The major histocompatibility complex （MHC） is a dynamic genetic region with an essential role in the adaptive immunity of jawed vertebrates. The MHC polymorphism is affected by many processes such as birth-and- death evolution, gene conversion, and concerted evolution. Studies investigating the evolution of MHC class I genes have been biased toward a few particular taxa and model species. However, the investigation of this region in nonavian reptiles is still in its infancy. We present the first characterization of MHC class I genes in a species from the family Lacertidae. We assessed genetic diversity and a role of selection in shaping the diversity of MHC class I exon 4 among 37 individuals of Eremias multiocellata from a population in Lanzhou, China. We generated 67 distinct DNA sequences using cloning and sequencing methods, and identified 36 putative functional variants as well as two putative pseudogene-variants. We found the number of variants within an individual varying between two and seven, indicating that there are at least four MHC class I loci in this species. Gene duplication plays a role in increasing copy numbers of MHC genes and allelic diversity in this species. The class I exon 4 sequences are characteristic of low nucleotide diversity. No signal of recombination is detected, but purifying selection is detected in β2-microglobulin interaction sites and some other silent sites outside of the function-constraint regions. Certain identical alleles are shared by Eremias multiocellata and E. przewalskii and E. brenchleyi, suggesting trans-species polymorphism. The data are compatible with a birth-and-death model of evolution.     

一个麻疯树RING型锌指蛋白基因JcRFP1的克隆及表达

首次从麻疯树胚乳cDNA丈库中克隆得到一个RJNG型锌指蛋白基（GenBank登录号为JF920726）,命名为JcRFP1。该cDNA长度为728bp,包含编码JcRFP1蛋白的完整开放阅读框（516bp）。脚,基因在麻疯树各器官中均检测到表达且表达量依次为：叶〉茎〉花〉果实〉种子〉根。将克隆到的JcRFP1基因的cDNA序列连接到表达载体pET32a（＋）上,导入BL21（DE3）pLysS菌株,成功诱导表达相对分子质量为33．2kDa的可溶性融合蛋白。该融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,得到效价为1：6500的抗血清。研究表明,JcRFP1蛋白具有体外泛素连接酶E3活性,在麻疯树体内可能参与油菜素甾醇信号转导途径。     

贵州麻山地区宗地乡苗族聚集地野生植物资源利用分析

运用民族植物学研究方法,对贵州宗地乡苗族聚集地野生植物资源利用进行了分析。结果发现:当地常用野生植物有83 种, 隶属42 科,较多的为菊科12 种(14.46%)、百合科6 种(7.23%)、禾本科5 种(6.02%)、蔷薇科5 种(6.02%)。以根、茎、皮、叶、花、果实、芽、全株利用为主的植物,分别有7 种(8.43%)、33 种(39.76%)、3 种(3.61%)、26 种(31.33%)、2 种(2.41%)、19 种(22.89%)、5 种(6.02%)和16 种(19.28%)。食用植物有26 种(31.33%);药用植物有37 种(44.58%);建材植物有12 种(14.46%);饲料植物有9 种(10.84%);工艺植物有6 种(7.23%);纤维植物有5 种(6.02%);染料植物有3 种(3.61%);油料植物有2 种(2.41%);仪式用植物和娱乐植物各有1 种(1.20%)。具三种利用类型的植物有6 种(7.23%);具两种利用类型的植物有12 种(14.46%)。研究表明,宗地乡苗族野生植物利用跟这些植物的生物学特性、喀斯特生境和当地苗族文化密不可分,需要进一步加强整理与挖掘。     

麻疯树Jc-Tctp1基因的同源性分析及时空表达模式鉴定

从麻疯树胚乳cDNA文库中获得了翻译调节肿瘤蛋白（translationally controlled tumor protein, TCTP）cDNA序列,命名为Jc-Tctp1（GenBank登录号为EF091818）.该序列全长1 410 bp,开放阅读框由507个碱基组成.Jc-Tctp1编码的推测蛋白产物含有168个氨基酸残基,该蛋白具有典型的TCTP蛋白特点：由3个α螺旋组成α螺旋核心、4个β片层结构构成β片层核心,及微管结合结构域（MTB）和钙结合结构域（CaB）.其推测氨基酸序列与巴西橡胶树（Hevea brasiliensis）、油棕（Elaeis guineensis）、大豆（Glycine max）、水稻（Oryza sativa,japonica cultivar-group）、黑杨（Populus trichocarpa）、番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum）、西加云杉（Picea sitchensis）、拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）以及玉米（Zea may）的TCTP同源性依次为93 %、90 %、85 %、84 %、85 %、84 %、77 %、80 %和77 %.经构建含Jc-TCTP1在内的植物TCTP蛋白分子进化树分析,发现单子叶植物并未按照其生物学分类的地位出现聚合.用半定量RT-PCR研究Jc-Tctp1基因的表达模式,结果显示,其表达在转录水平上具有一定的组织和时间特异性,茎、Ⅰ期胚乳、胚中最为丰富,而在Ⅱ期胚乳和花中表达最弱.     

丽蝇蛹集金小蜂寄生对寄主蛹可溶性蛋白与芳基蛋白组成与含量的影响

为了探讨蛹期寄生蜂对寄主蛋白代谢的寄生生理效应,利用Bradford蛋白含量测定法、Western免疫印迹法及酶联免疫吸附检测法研究了棕尾别麻蝇Boettcherisca peregrina蛹被丽蝇蛹集金小蜂Nasonia vitripennis寄生后其脂肪体和血淋巴中可溶性蛋白及芳基蛋白组成与含量的变化。结果表明：寄生蛹脂肪体和血淋巴中可溶性蛋白的组成与未寄生相比基本无明显差异; 不论寄生与否寄主蛹脂肪体和血淋巴中芳基蛋白亚基分子量均为80 kDa,该亚基在脂肪体中未出现降解现象,而在血淋巴中仅于寄生后12 h的寄主蛹中呈现2条分子量相近的Western免疫印迹带,说明其降解可能先于未寄生对照。就含量而言,寄生蛹脂肪体中可溶性蛋白含量除寄生后24 h外均显著低于未寄生对照,芳基蛋白含量除寄生后48 h外也均显著低于未寄生对照,其中寄生后12 h的含量仅为未寄生的32.0%。寄生蛹血淋巴中可溶性蛋白含量多低于未寄生蛹,且寄生后2,12,24 h的差异达显著水平;芳基蛋白的含量均有低于未寄生的趋势,其中寄生后12 h的含量为未寄生的17.0%。综合认为,丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的寄生可导致寄主脂肪体和血淋巴中可溶性蛋白及芳基蛋白含量下降。