土茯苓对肾性高血压大鼠血压的调节作用和机制

目的观察土茯苓对肾性高血压大鼠血压及血液内血管活性物质的调节作用。方法用两肾两夹法造大鼠高血压模型,将造模成功的大鼠按收缩压分层,分成模型对照组、高（土茯苓6g／ks）、中（土茯苓3g／kg）、低（土茯苓1．5g／kg）剂量组和阳性组（卡托普利5mg／kg）;试验期间各组经口灌胃给予相应药物,每日1次,连续4周。每周测定血压1次,末次给药后,测定大鼠血液中ANP、NO、ET、CGRP和AnglI水平。结果土茯苓显著降低了肾性高血压大鼠SBP、DBP和MBP（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,同时显著降低了ANP、ET的水平（P＜0．05,P＜0．01）,升高了NO的水平（P〈0．05）。结论土茯苓具有一定的降血压作用,其作用途径可能通过降低ANP、ET和升高NO的水平,而发挥血压调节的作用。     

骨桥蛋白13肽抑制球囊内皮剥脱术后血管狭窄的实验研究

目的：利用含有骨桥蛋白（OPN）多种功能位点的13肽（Gly^158-Lys^170）,从细胞和整体水平观察其对VSMC和单核巨噬细胞黏附、浸润以及内膜增生的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法：用不同浓度OPN13肽（0,100,200,300mg／L）检测其对体外培养的平滑肌细胞（VSMc）与OPN黏附的抑制作用;以不合黏附序列的6肽分子为对照组,用以确定13肽抑制黏附特异性。用球囊内皮剥脱法建立大鼠内膜增生模型。实验动物分为4组：治疗组大鼠自术前1h及术后静脉滴注13肽,连续给药7d;对照组大鼠给予非特异性对照6肽分子;模型组大鼠给予相同剂量的生理盐水;正常对照组大鼠施假手术。并利用免疫组织化学染色和Western印迹分析方法,检测血管壁中OPN、FAK、ILK的表达变化。结果：OPN13肽能特异性的及浓度依赖性的抑制VSMC与OPN的相互作用,血管内膜剥脱后给予13肽治疗组血管壁单核／巨噬细胞浸润减少,OPN及其下游信号分子ILK,FAK表达下调,内膜增生被明显抑制。结论：含有OPN多功能位点的13肽可通过阻断OPN与膜受体的相互作用而抑制血管炎症的进展和内膜增生。     

Hydrogen Sulfide Promotes Root Organogenesis in Ipomoea batatas, Salix matsudana and Glycine max

In this report, we demonstrate that sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, promoted adventitious root formation mediated by auxin and nitric oxide (NO). Application of the H2S donor to seedling cuttings of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) promoted the number and length of adventltious roots in a dose-dependent manner. It was also verified that H2S or HS- rather than other sulfur-containing components derived from NariS could be attributed to the stimulation of adventitious root formation. A rapid Increase In endogenous H2S, indole acetic acid (IAA) and NO were sequentially observed in shoot tips of sweet potato seedlings treated with HallS. Further investigation showed that HzS-mediated root formation was alleviated by N-l-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA), an IAA transport inhibitor, and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), an NO scavenger. Similar phenomena in H2S donor-dependent root organogenesis were observed in both excised willow (Sallx matsudana var. tortuosa Vilm) shoots and soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings. These results indicated that the process of H2S-induced adventitious root formation was likely mediated by IAA and NO, and that H2S acts upstream of IAA and NO signal transduction pathways.     

p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶活性放射自显影测定方法的建立和应用

建立p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK）放射自显影激酶活性测定方法,并应用于血管内皮细胞中p38 MAPK活性动态变化的研究.结果表明放射自显影激酶活性测定方法具有很好的量效关系、灵敏性和特异性.在脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide, LPS）刺激的血管内皮细胞,p38 MAPK在LPS刺激15 min后活性增高,30～60 min达高峰,120 min后活性逐渐下降,较好地反映了LPS刺激的内皮细胞中p38 MAPK活性的动态变化.国内实验室完全有可能和条件,建立本国的放射自显影激酶活性测定方法,并应用于信号转导的研究.     

家蝇的卵黄发生及其激素调节

用5—15%SDS-PAGE分析表明,家蝇Musce domestica viaina卵黄蛋白由三个亚基组成,其亚基分子量分别为58KD、50KD、48KD.火箭免疫电泳的结果表明,脂肪体、血淋巴和卵巢内卵黄原蛋白的变化具有密切的相关性,卵黄原蛋白在体内最早出现在羽化后30小时左右,然后迅速增加,在羽化后48小时,脂肪体和血淋巴中卵黄原蛋白含量达到最大值,卵巢开始沉积卵黄蛋白在羽化后30小时,到产卵前达到最大值,脂肪体在离体培养条件下,通过测定³H-亮氨酸掺入卵黄原蛋白的量,对不同发育时期家蝇脂肪体合成卵黄原蛋白的能力及激素的调节作用进行了研究,结果表明,羽化12小时后,合成能力迅速上升,48小时时形成高峰,60小时后迅速下跌直至产卵,其合成能力一直维持在低水平,产卵后合成能力又迅速回升,激素处理结果表明,保幼激素可以促进卵黄发生前期和后期家蝇脂肪体的卵黄原蛋白合成,20-羟基蜕皮酮可以大幅度促进卵黄发生期家蝇脂肪体的卵黄原蛋白合成.当二种激素共同处理时,对卵黄发生前期和卵黄发生期的家蝇脂肪体有协同促进作用,而对卵黄发生后期的脂肪体没有这种作用.本文还对家蝇卵黄发生过程中脂肪体、血淋巴和卵巢三者之间的关系及家蝇卵黄发生的激素调节进行了讨论.     

VEGFR-3反馈性抑制巨噬细胞TLR4诱发的炎症反应

当机体受到病原微生物感染时,Toll样受体(TLR)在固有免疫反应中发挥关键调控作用。然而,过度的TLR信号引起的炎症反应将导致组织损伤,甚至内毒素休克等疾病的发生。为了更好地理解TLR4信号稳态机制,中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,王红艳实验室研究发现,在细菌感染的巨噬细胞中,血管内皮生长因子受体3(VEGFR-3)和其配体VEGF-C的表达量明显上升。VEGF-C结合并活化VEGFR-3受体后,显著降低巨噬细胞中促炎因子IL-6和TNFα等的分泌。这主要是由于VEGFR-3通过活化PI3K-Akt1通路和上调SOCS1的表达,抑制了巨噬细胞中TLR4-NF-κB信号通路。在严重细菌感染时,VEGFR-3胞外配体结合区域缺失或胞内激酶活性区突变的基因工程小鼠死亡率显著升高。王红艳实验室及其合作者的研究揭示了VEGFR-3在巨噬细胞中反馈调控TLR4-NF-κB通路,为治疗淋巴水肿伴随的感染提供了新策略。     

中亚林蛙的核型、C带和银带研究及田野林蛙起源的探讨

中亚林蛙（Rana asiatica）的核型为2n=26,NF=52。第2号染色体短臂有一条近端着丝粒区C带。第10号染色体长臂上有一对标准NORs。本文认为,田野林蛙（Rana arvalis）起源于欧洲,是欧洲林蛙群与亚洲2n=24的林蛙群间的过渡种类。The diploid number of Rana asiatica is 2n=26, NF=52,with an acrocetric C-band on 2p and a pair of standard NORs on 10q. The paper holds that Rana arvalis,originated in Europe, is a interim species between Rana group in Europe and Rana group in Asia with 2n=24.     

Expression in Escherichia coli of Three Different Soybean Late Embryogenesis Abundant （LEA） Genes to Investigate Enhanced Stress Tolerance

In order to identify the function of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes, in vitro functional analyses were performed using an Escherichia coli heterologous expression system. Three soybean late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) genes, PMll (GenBank accession No. AF004805; group 1), PM30(AF117884; group 3), and ZLDE-2 (AY351918; group 2), were cloned and expressed in a pET-28a system.The gene products were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and identified by mass spectrometry. E. coli cells containing the recombinant plasmids or empty vector as controls were treated by salt and low temperature stress. Compared with control cells, the E. coli cells expressing either PMll or PM30 showed a shorter lag period and improved growth when transferred to LB (Luria-Bertani) liquid media containing 800 mmol/L NaC1 or 700 mmol/L KC1 or after 4℃ treatment. E. coli cells expressing ZLDE-2 did not show obvious growth improvement both in either high KC1 medium or after 4℃ treatment. The results indicate that the E. coli expression system is a simple, useful method to identify the functions of some stress-tolerant genes from plants.     

白木香中白木香醛形成的研究（简报）

不能合成沉香倍半萜类化合物的健康白木香木材组织细胞感染黄绿墨耳真菌后,能合成一组白木香植物细胞逆境代谢产物,2个月后,中国沉香倍半萜的主要成分白木香醛开始形成。沉香倍半萜化合物的形成可能是植物细胞感染真菌后逆境产物代谢产生的。