国家基本药物制度对中西部基层医疗机构合理用药的影响

??????? 目的 探讨国家基本药物制度的实施对中西部农村基层医疗机构合理用药产生的影响。方法 对中西部3省市6区县15家基层医疗机构进行处方抽样,用统计学方法分析抽取的2 630张处方,比较国家基本药物制度实施前后次均处方金额、处方药品品种数量均数以及使用抗生素、激素、注射剂处方的比例等指标的差异。结果 国家基本药物制度实施后,次均处方金额、处方药品品种数量均数、使用激素处方比例以及使用注射剂处方比例等指标均出现不同程度的下降,但使用抗生素处方比例未出现明显下降,甚至有所上升。结论 国家基本药物制度的实施能有效降低门诊处方费用,能有效促进基层医疗机构的合理用药,但促进作用具有一定的局限性;国家基本药物制度促进合理用药效果在我国存在地区差异。     

专科医院开展常态化医疗核心制度督查的实践与体会

通过对专科医院开展常态化医疗核心制度督查工作过程及运行效果进行分析,总结了核心制度督查工作中取得的经验和存在的问题,认为开展常态化医疗核心制度督查是促进医疗质量稳定提高的有效方式。     

我国医疗保险现存问题的分析与对策

剖析了我国医疗保险制度的现状及存在问题,同时对如何实现医疗保险制度改革提出了建议。     

职业院校学生顶岗实习管理及法律问题的思考

高职教育中不可避免出现和存在这样和那样的问题,甚至在实际工作中存在法律风险。其中学生顶岗实习是职业教育的重要一环,如何有预见性地做好顶岗实习风险责任管理,本文结合实际做了分析。     

Development of upland rice introgression lines and identification of QTLs for basal root thickness under different water regimes

Introgression lines (ILs) are valuable materials for identifying quantitative trait loci (QTLs),evaluating genetic interactions,and marker assisted breeding.A set of 430 ILs (BC5F3) containing segments from upland tropical japonica cultivar IRAT109 in a lowland temperate japonica cultivar Yuefu background were developed.One hundred and seventy-six polymorphic markers were used to identify introgressed segments.No segment from IRAT 109 was found in 160 lines.Introgressed segments of the other 270 lines covered 99.1％ of the donor genome.The mean number of introgressed donor segments per individual was 3.3 with an average length of 14.4 cM.QTL analysis was conducted on basal root thickness (BRT) of the 270 ILs grown under irrigated lowland,upland and hydroponic conditions.A total of 22 QTLs affecting BRT were identified,six QTLs (qBRT3.1,qBRT3.2,qBRT6.1,qBRT8.2,qBRT9.1,and qBRT9.2) were consistently expressed under at least two environments (location and water regime),and qBRT7.2 was a new BRT QTL identified under lowland conditions.IL255 containing qBRT9.1 showed an increase of 10.09％ and 7.07％ BRT over cultivar Yuefu when grown under upland and lowland conditions,respectively.Using a population of 304 F2:3 lines derived from the cross IL255 × Yuefu,qBRT9.1 was validated and mapped to a 1.2 cM interval between RM24271 and RM566.The presence of qBRT9.1 explained 12％ of BRT variation.The results provide upland rice ILs and BRT QTLs for analyzing the genetic basis of drought resistance,detecting favorable genes from upland rice,and rice drought resistance breeding.     

完善自然保护区法律体系

毛竹原产我国亚热带山地,它的竹竿高大通直,全身都是宝,可制作有关生产、生活、工艺和观赏用品上千种,人们衣食住行各个方面都离不开它。大量的竹产品远销国外,对繁荣地方经济,提高人民生活水平作出了巨大的贡献。过去,毛竹林大多种植在村庄后山或邻近山地,种几年便有收益,平均每人拥有一亩的面积,一户人家就能维持基本的开销。随着市场的需求扩大,毛竹林在我国各地种植越来越多,一些地方还利用退耕还