绞股蓝的抗肿瘤作用

本文综述了绞股蓝的抗肿瘤作用及具有抗肿瘤活性的绞股蓝皂甙的结构特点、作用机理、构效关系和这种抗肿瘤新药的研究进展。     

毛地黄叶离体培养中光质对强心苷含量的影响

用相近辐度但不同光质的光进行光照及黑暗处理,光质对愈伤组织中强心苷的含量有明显的影响,绿光下强心苷含量最高,黑暗处理强心苷含量最低。     

乐山蜘蛛抱蛋的甾体皂甙

乐山蜘蛛抱蛋;;蜘蛛抱蛋皂甙;;铃兰皂甙元Ｂ－５－Ｏ－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙     

云南栽培西洋参皂甙的高压液相色谱定量分析

采用N-18ODS柱,以CH_3CN:H_2O(31:69 v/v)中加入50mM KH_2PO_4和CH_3CN:H_2O:H_3PO_4(20:80:0.5 v/v)为流动相,在202 nm紫外吸收波长检测下,测定了云南丽江引种栽培的西洋参中丙二酸人参皂甙(malonyl ginsenoside)Rb_1、Rb_2、Rc、人参皂甙(ginsenosidc)Rb_1、Rb_2、Rc、Rd、Ro和Rc、Rgl等10种主要皂甙的含量,讨论了不同的栽培年代、采收季节、地下部位以及商品等级中皂甙含量的变化,对该地区西洋参的生产提出了建议。     

人参细胞大量培养的研究

人参细胞培养液的 pH 值在培养过程中先迅速降低然后缓缓回升,后又趋于平稳。合成皂甙高峰在细胞生长对数期稍后出现。生产皂甙的最佳收获期,细胞悬浮培养为20—25天,细胞发酵培养为15—18天。细胞生长和皂甙累积要求有一个稳定而又适宜的 pH 值环境。发酵培养无论对细胞生长、培养规模、还是皂甙含量均是一种较为理想的培养方式。     

Isolation and Characterization of the Cytoplasmic Membrane from the Terrestrial Cyanobacterium -Nostoc flagelliforme

Cytoplasmic membrane of Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah. was isolated for the first time with a new method, the unique feature of which is the combined use of French pressure cell and digitonin to disrupt cells. After passed twice through French pressure cell (at 80 MPa), cells in sample (20 mg of dry weight/mL) were disrupted effectively by digitonin (3 mg/mL), and then the cytoplasmic membrane was isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The membrane contained carotenoids with absorption peaks at 458, 487 and 524 nm and a precursor of chlorophyll a with a minor peak at 673 nm. The fluorescence emission peaks of the membrane were emitted from the precursor of chlorophyll a. More than 30 polypeptides were detected in the membrane, in which the most obvious corresponded to the polypeptides with molecular mass of 80,28,19 and 17 kD. The membrane contained four types of glycerolipids: MGDG(62.4%), DGDG (18.9%), SQDG (16.7%) and PG (2.0%). 16:0, 16:1 [9], 18:0, 18:1 [9], 18:2 [9, 12] and 18:3 [9,12,15] fatty acids were determined in the membrane, in which 16:1 and 18:3 fatty acids were the main components, representing 32.3% and 34.4% of the total fatty acids respectively. High proportion of 18:3 fatty acid in the cytoplasmic membrane may be an important factor of N. flagelliforme in its remarkable drought-tolerant ability.     

苜蓿化感作用的初步研究

利用生物测定法和气相色谱 /质谱 (GC/MS)联用技术对中国北方广为种植的紫花苜蓿的化感作用进行了初步研究。结果表明 ,紫花苜蓿全草的水和 95 %乙醇浸提液对玉米和小麦种子萌发均有显著的抑制作用 ,进一步用柱层析对苜蓿浸提液进行了初步分离 ,分离组份对玉米和小麦种子萌发的影响有所变化。抑制玉米萌发的活性物质主要在弱极性的二氯甲烷组份中 ,而抑制小麦萌发的活性物质不仅存在于二氯甲烷组份中 ,也存在于水中。采用GC/MS技术 ,初步推测苜蓿的化感物质是酚和皂甙两类化合物     

人参皂甙的活性综述

人参皂甙(Compound—K简称CK,20-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基原人参二醇)是一种非天然的人参皂甙成分。它是天然二醇型人参皂甙如ginsenoside-Rb1、Rb2口服后在肠道中的代谢产物。目前国内外学者对CK的药理学活性进行了多方面的研究,主要集中在其抗肿瘤方面,发现它具有抗突变、抑制癌细胞转移、细胞毒、诱导细胞凋亡、逆转药物耐药和抗肿瘤诱导的血管新生等多种药理活性,现就此作综述。     

柴胡皂甙(I)对胰腺腺泡的拟膜受体激动剂作用

应用检测淀粉酶分泌和单细胞[Ca2 ]i 的技术 ,研究了Bt2-cGMP和GDP对柴胡皂甙(I)[SA(I)]和CCK -8促大鼠胰腺腺泡酶分泌和增加[Ca2 ]i 的抑制作用。Bt2-cGMP对SA(I)和CCK -8促酶分泌的抑制有相似的剂量依赖性。Bt2 -cGMP对SA(I)刺激的酶分泌动力学的抑制较对CCK -8滞后并持续。SA(I)诱发的胰腺腺泡单细胞[Ca2 ]i 的变化与CCK -8的作用有所不同 :[Ca2 ]i 峰值上升较慢且持续较长 ,并在峰后[Ca2 ]i 再次升高。GDP亦抑制SA(I)刺激的酶分泌和[Ca2 ]i 增加的峰植。结果表明 ,SA(I)可激活胰腺腺泡细胞膜受体从而升高[Ca2 ]i 和促酶分泌。     

罗汉果皂甙的含量测定

从罗汉果中提取强甜味剂罗汉果皂甙,并进行了初步分离,以香草醛－高氯酸比色法测定了大中小三种罗汉果中总皂甙的含量,经方差分析,大、中罗汉果总皂甙含量无显著差异,而小果皂甙含量大于中、小中果,提取单位皂甙所需原材料价格以小果为低。若将其作为甜味剂开发使用,以小果最为经济。为开发利用商品性差、价格低的小果,提供了实验研究依据和开发利用途径。