中国涡虫一新纪录科达氏涡虫属一新种(单肠目,达氏科)

记述了中国涡虫纲单肠目1新纪录科达氏科达氏涡虫属1新种,即中国达氏涡虫Dalyellia sinensis sp.nov..新种的主要鉴别特征是:表皮下有许多单细胞绿藻Chlorella sp.,体表呈绿色;体长2 200 μm,体中部宽475μm,几丁质阴茎长178 μm,柄2根,柄长100μm,柄宽13～15 μm,两柄间距188 μm,分支2条,呈心形排列,阴茎上有几丁质刺22根,分支末端的刺长是基部刺长的1/5.标本保存在深圳大学生命科学学院形态学研究室.     

Intermediate fertile Triticum aestivum （＋）Agropyron elongatum somatic hybrids are generated by low doses of UV irradiation

We report the production and characterization of somatic hybrids between Triticum aestivum L. and Agropyron elongatum (Host) Nevishi (the synonym is Thinopyrum ponticum). Asymmetric protoplast fusion was performed between Agropyron elongatum protoplasts irradiated with a low UV dose and protoplasts of wheat taken from nonregenerable suspension cultures. More than 40 green plantlets were obtained from 15 regenerated clones and one of them produced seeds. The phenotypes of the hybrid plants and seeds were intermediate between wheat and Agropyron elongatum. All of the regenerated calli and plants were verified as intergeneric hybrids on the basis of morphological observation and analysis of isozyme, cytological, 5SrDNA spacer sequences and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial genome revealed evidence of random segregation and recombination of mtDNA.     

A REVIEW OF THE GENUS A CRICOTOPUS KIEFFER （DIPTERA： CHIRONOMIDAE） IN CHINA

The genus Acricotopus Kieffer including three species from China is reviewed.Acricotopus lucens (Zetterstedt) is reexamined. Two species A. simplex sp. nov. and A.zhalingensis sp. nov. are described as male imagines. Acricotopus simplex sp. nov. was collected from Xizang, Sichuan and Qinghai Provinces; the species differs from others of the genus by the absence of hind tibial comb, temporal and clypeal seta. Acricotopus zhalingensis sp. nov. was collected from Qinghai Province; the species is recognized by a combination of characters: the larger body size; the clypeus without setae; anal lobe strongly produced, nearly hemispherical shape; inferior volsella triangular, strongly sclerotized; gonostylus with 13 very long setae. A key to the world males of the genus is presented. The generic diagnosis is emended.All the types described in this paper are deposited in Department of Biology, Nankai University,China (BDN).     

嗜冷和冷育微生物的研究III．地丝霉属一新种，光滑地丝霉

在研究食品冷库中嗜冷微生物区系时,获得很多冷育型真菌。地丝霉和金孢菌类在这些菌中占优势。其中一菌在PYE上于18℃培养14天,菌落白色,厚毡状,中央常有淡黄色渗出液滴,菌落直径3 3ram,背面浅黄褐色,有辐射沟纹,老后仍为白色。菌丝分隔,直径1 O一2．0μm。该菌有明显的分生孢子梗,直立,宽度1．0—2．0μm,长10一25(一35)μm,无色或淡黄色,分生孢子梗具分枝,由分枝产分生孢子。分生孢子无色或淡黄色,顶端者为梨形、倒卵形或楔状,间生者矩椭圆形或桶状,1．5—2．5×2．5—3 5(一4．0)μm,光滑、1一3成链。该菌生长温度范围为O一25℃,最适温度为18℃,30℃不生长。此菌产生果胶酶,但是不分解角朊。该菌从冷库中生霉的蒜苗上分离得。其特征与carmichael(1962),Domsch等(1 9 80)所订正的金孢菌属(Chrysosporium Corda)中各种,以及Sigler和Carmichael(1976),Oorschot(1980)所订正的地丝霉属(GeomycesTraaen)中各种均有显著的差异,而其性状符合地丝霉属的特征集要。故命名为光滑地丝霉 Geomyces laevis Z．Q．Li et Cui。 模式：菌株AS 3．4605 为模式菌株,保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所菌种保藏研究室;模式标本HMAS No．54875保存在该研究所真菌标本室。     

中国角胫象属（鞘翅目：象虫科）

角胫象属Shirahoshizo Morimoto,1962隶属象虫科隐喙象亚科,模式种为Cryptorhynchus rufescens Roelofs.本属昆虫多寄生于松属植物,有些是我国重要林业害虫,如马尾松角胫象Shiraho shizo flavonotatus(Voss),其成虫侵入衰弱的黄山松和堆积的马尾松原木,和其它钻蛀性害虫一起,造成严重危害,据浙江亚热带林研所赵锦年先     

豆科黄檀属的二个新异名

在比较研究标本馆馆藏标本的基础上,确认Dalbergia esquirolii H. L関. 与滇黔黄檀(D. yunnanensis Franch.); 西盟黄檀(D. ximengensis Y. Y. Qian)与多裂黄檀(D.rimosa Roxb.)分别为同种植物,因此予以归并。     

中国海鼓虾科角鼓虾属分类研究(甲壳亚门,十足目)

对中国海鼓虾科角鼓虾属系统分类进行了研究.角鼓虾全世界共记录34种,其中中国海记录了9种.本文中记录中国海分布的角鼓虾属Athanas 8种,其中对中国海2新纪录种A.polymorphus Kemp和A.squillophilus Hayashi,进行了描记,并提供了中国角鼓虾种检索表.在中国的材料中:A.japonicus、A.ohsimai、A.polymorphus及A.squillophilus 4种的螯足表现了多态性,A.ohsimai和A.squillophilus的螯足多态性也是首次发现和记载.所有研究测量标本均保存在中国科学院海洋研究所.     

石蝴蝶属八种植物的染色体数目报道

观察了苦苣苔科石蝴蝶属(Petrocosmea)8种植物的染色体.发现它们的染色均属小型染色体,数目一致,皆为2n=34.     

新疆猪毛菜属植物多样性地理分布格局及其环境解释

猪毛菜属(Salsola)是新疆干旱区分布最为丰富的被子植物属之一,是盐碱和荒漠区的先锋种和建群种,对西北干旱区植被恢复与建设具有巨大生态价值。基于新疆自然分布的33种猪毛菜属物种共741个分布数据,整合利用点格局法和物种分布模型法构建了物种丰富度(SR)、加权特有性指数(WE)和校正加权特有性指数(CWE)的分布格局。选取环境能量、水分可获得性、气候季节性、生境异质性、土壤条件和历史气候变化共6类19种生态因子,利用地理加权回归模型(GWR)探究了环境异质性对猪毛菜属物种丰富度的影响。结果显示：(1)基于现实点位模型和物种分布模型构建的物种丰富度具有一致性,均呈北高南低、西高东低的破碎化分布趋势,但物种分布模型的结果在空间上比点格局法更连续,物种丰富度的高值区主要分布于准噶尔盆地南缘、准噶尔西部山地、天山西端和天山南脉南缘;(2)加权特有性指数和校正加权特有性指数的分布格局与物种丰富度分布格局具有一定差异,其最大值集中分布于准噶尔盆地南缘、伊犁河谷和塔里木盆地西南缘;(3)GWR模型结果表明,海拔变幅、土壤酸碱度和最干月降水量是制约新疆分布的猪毛菜属丰富度和特有性分布的最重要因素。