黑杨萎蔫叶片挥发性物质的成分分析

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气体吸附法提取黑杨萎蔫叶片的挥发性气味物质,用二氯甲烷做萃取剂,气相色谱_质谱联用技术分离和鉴定萃取到的气味物质的化学组分,结果表明,水蒸气蒸馏法共得到19个峰,鉴定出结构的有16个峰,未鉴明的3个峰;主要组分为4号峰的(Z)_3_己烯醇,相对含量为28.71%,其次为14号峰的邻羟基苯甲醛,相对含量为10.35%。气体吸附法共分离到20个峰,鉴定出结构的有17个峰;主要组分分别为6、7、8号峰的(E)_2_己烯醛、(Z)_3_己烯醇、(E)_2_己烯醇,相对含量分别为20.78%、29.12%、29.22%。两种方法所得到的相同组分为9种,相似性为46.15%。     

抑制差减杂交技术在细菌基因差异表达研究中的应用

同种细菌基因组差异及基因差异表达的鉴定与研究具有重要的分子生物学意义。某一菌株所具有的而另一菌株所缺乏的基因可能决定菌株重要的遗传特征。抑制差减杂交技术是近年来新建立起来的一种快速鉴别差异表达基因的新方法,本文就该方法的原理及在原核细菌中的应用作一综述。     

绵羊胞内单精子注射技术

In this study, the possibility of sheep transgenesis by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was assessed. In experiment 1, activation of ovine oocytes matured in vitro in preparation for ICSI has been investigated with 3.42 mmol/L Ca2+ treatment, ionomycin alone and ionomycin followed by 6-dimethylaminopurine (DMAP) after 3-h delay (group 1, 2 and 3, respectively). After activation, the oocytes were then cultured in SOFaaBSA medium. Cleavage rates were significantly (P<0.05) different among three groups (18.4%, 91.8% and 71.7%, respectively). In additional culture, no parthenotes in group 1, whereas 11% and 17.4% in group 2 and 3 developed to the blastocyst stage. Therefore we used the third activation method in the following ICSI tests. In experiment 2, development of ovine oocytes after ICSI was investigated. Thawed semen from two rams was separated by Percoll centrifugation and was used for ICSI or in vitro fertilization (IVF) trails. A total of 71.8% of oocytes reached the 2-cell stage following living sperm injection, which was significantly (p>0.05) different from those following IVF (41.4%) and sham-ICSI (30.2%). After seven days' culture, no sham-injected oocytes developed into the blastocyst stage, although 7% in ICSI and 16.1% in IVF-oocytes developed into the blastocyst stage, but there was no significant difference in ICSI and IVF groups (p>0.05). In the further study, the possibility of sheep transgenesis by ICSI was assessed. After coinjection of ovine oocytes matured in vitro with dead sperm cold to -20 degrees C and exogenous DNA encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), seventy-three percent of coinjected oocytes developed to 2-cell stage (33/45) and two of them were transgene-expressing embryos. Among ten embryos at the 16-cell stage, all embryonic cells in one transgenic embryo still expressed GFP. Four coinjected blastocysts were thawed and transferred to the uterine of the two progesterone-synchronized recipient ewe. No pregnancies were detected on the 60th day. These results suggested sheep transgenic embryos could be produced by ICSI and further studies should be performed.     

古代DNA研究实验技术

现代分子生物技术的发展,使从古代样品中获取微量DNA成为现实。在过去的十多年里,古DNA研究取得了重大进展,但实验方案还需要加以改进,其结果的分析与推论也需要多方面的验证。本综述着重介绍了古DNA研究的实验技术及可靠性分析。 Experimental Techniques for Ancient DNA Research YANG Shu-juan1,LAI Xu-long1,2,TANG Xian-hua1,SHENG Gui-lian1,2 1.Faculty of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074,China; 2.Institute of Life Sciences,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074,China Abstract:The development of modern molecular biological techniques makes it possible to study minimum DNA from ancient materials.During past decade,a lot of significant achievements on ancient DNA research have been made in many fields especially in molecular evolutionary biology.The nature of degradation and contamination of ancient DNA from ancient biological materials pose a dominating problem in ancient DNA research.Therefore,the experiments should be modified based on the modern molecular techniques and more factors should be considered when the results are analyzed.In this paper,authors review the general experimental protocols on sampling,extraction and amplification as well as authenticity of ancient DNA. Key words：ancient DNA;authenticity;ancient DNA techniques     

稻水象甲卵的空间分布型及抽样技术研究

本文利用Taylor幂法则和Iwao回归法对稻水象甲LissorhoptrusoryzophilusKuschel卵的空间分布型进行了测定 ,结果表明稻水象甲卵在田间呈聚集分布 ,且符合负二项分布 ,k值为 0 4 796。其种群聚集主要是由环境因子引起的。应用Iwao的抽样模型建立了稻水象甲卵的田间理论抽样数公式 :N =1D2 1 784 6M + 0 2 4 2 5 。并根据Gerrard的零频率模型建立了估计该种群平均密度的零频率模型 :X =1 5 787( -lnP0 ) 1 0 62 5。     

计算机可视化技术在抗生素效价测定中的应用

药学计算机可视化是将计算机科学和药学科学相结合 ,使计算结果与计算过程可视化 ,提供了与药学数据交互作用的手段 ,常用的微生物管碟法和薄层色谱分析法普遍限于手工测量与计算 ,该操作不仅费时费力、且主观性强、误差大 ,而专用的抑菌圈测量仪价格昂贵、功能单一 ,可视化过程差 ,很难对其过程进行规律性研究。为了提高测量精度和工作效率 ,减小误差 ,提出了抗生素效价的计算机可视化测量问题。1　工作原理抗生素效价的生物测定 ,是以抗生素的抑菌力和杀菌力作为衡量效价的标准 ,管碟法是最常用的方法之一。其原理是将已知浓度的标准溶液…     

中华通草蛉卵、幼虫和成虫在麦田分布型的研究

研究了中华通草蛉卵、幼虫和成虫在麦田的分布型,均属聚集分布,分析提出适宜的取样调查方法,即双对象线或棋盘式10点,每点调查1m^2麦株。     

噬菌体表面呈现技术在肿瘤中的应用

噬菌体表面呈现技术（Phage display technology)是近年来发展起来的新兴技术,目前将噬菌体表面呈现技术用于肿瘤,在肿瘤治疗方面取得了很大的进展,本文就噬菌体表面呈现技术在肿瘤研究中的应用与前景加以综述。