关于昆虫抗药性遗传机理的探讨

目前,世界半数以上的害虫对现有主要农药产生了抗性,能抗杀虫剂的昆虫大约有400多种,约60种杀虫剂相继失效。我国棉铃虫的抗性自1986年开始发生,到1989年大发生,抗性倍数激增,最     

浙江省网蛾科昆虫简记

网蛾科Thyrididac昆虫是林区习见的一类害虫,本报道产于浙江的26种,其中笔采得15种,2种为中国新记录。8种为浙江省新记录,并首次报道了它们的发生期和11种网蛾的新寄主及寄生于6种网蛾的14种天敌昆虫。     

蜘蛛对茶园害虫控制作用的研究

1981年以来，湖南省兰岭茶园开展了大面积以保护茶园蜘蛛为主的茶园害虫综合防治技术研究。近10年来未打化学农药，4年未施化学肥料。试验结果表明，这些措施不但使以蜘蛛为主的茶虫天敌的种类增多、种群数量上升，而且使茶园内主要害虫的种群数量逐年下降；茶叶内不含任何农药残毒，产品达到国家AA级绿色食品要求；经济效益得到成倍增加。     

黑光灯诱集仓库昆虫的初探

我省对仓库害虫长期注重剧毒农药防治,由此产生了害虫抗药性,又大量杀死仓内天敌。为此探寻无污染、方便易行、保护天敌的仓虫防治新方法迫在眉睫,鉴于农林部门利用黑光灯（3650）诱杀害虫的经验,我们于1992～1993年以黑光灯诱杀仓虫的成虫,取得了明显效果,报道如下。1试验方法1．1仓库情况在本院农场仓库内储藏大豆、绿豆、小麦、玉米、油菜籽、棉花等,无任何药剂处理及其它防治。开灯时间内关闭所有门窗。1．2具体方法：（1）在仓内相距10m各悬挂黑光灯（3650）（20瓦）和白炽灯（15瓦）各一只,高度1．2m下设敌敌畏毒瓶,从4～11…     

白毫早茶园3种害虫与其捕食性天敌的数量、时间和空间关系

为了合理利用和保护天敌进行卵形短须螨、双斑长跗萤叶甲和假眼小绿叶蝉的综合防治,用灰色系统分析方法和生态位分析法对合肥地区白毫早茶园3种主要害虫与其捕食性天敌在数量、时间、空间等方面关系进行分析,利用害虫与天敌关系密切指数之和综合评判9种天敌与3种害虫关系密切的前四位天敌。2015年卵形短须螨的前四位天敌是鳞纹肖蛸(5.3079)、三突花蟹蛛(5.1716)、锥腹肖蛸(4.8367)和草间小黑蛛(4.7869);2016年前四位天敌依次是三突花蟹蛛(5.3975)、鳞纹肖蛸(4.9414)、茶色新圆蛛(4.8757)、锥腹肖蛸(4.6815)。对两年结果综合分析,卵形短须螨的前四位天敌依次是三突花蟹蛛(10.5691)、鳞纹肖蛸(10.2493)、茶色新圆蛛(9.6353)和锥腹肖蛸(9.5182)。2015年双斑长跗萤叶甲的前四位天敌依次是锥腹肖蛸(5.6926)、异色瓢虫(5.6976)、八斑球腹蛛(5.5101)和斜纹猫蛛(5.4552);2016年依次是茶色新圆蛛(5.2909)、锥腹肖蛸(5.2710)、鳞纹肖蛸(5.1063)和斜纹猫蛛(5.0703)。对两年结果综合评判,双...     

害虫,天敌和食料的数学模型

本文从实际问题出发,结合已有的描述群落生态的数学模型,提出了一组描述马尾松毛虫(Dendrolimus pnnctalus,walker)、条毒蛾(Lymantria dissoluta,Swinhoe)、天敌和食料之间动态关系的数学模型: w(k+1=(a_1x(k+1)/(1+a_2x(k+1)/_z(k))+a_3w(k)/(1+a_4w(k)/y(k)) x(k+1)=b_1w(k)/(1+b_2w(k)/y(k))+b_3x(k)/(1+b_4x(k)/z(k))+ y(k+1)=c_1z(k)/[1+c_sz(k)+c_3y(k)][1+c_4w(k)+(k+1)] z(k+1)=d_1z(k)/[1+d_2z(k)][1+d_3x(k)+d_4w(k)] 对于这个模型的线性化形式,详细讨论了控制松毛虫的暴发所需的条件及其生态学机制。     

A large-scale gene discovery for the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus （Coleoptera： Curculionidae）

The red palm weevil （RPW; Rhynchophorusferrugineus） is a devastating pest of palms, prevalent in the Middle East as well as many other regions of the world. Here, we report a large-scale de novo complementary DNA （cDNA） sequencing effort that acquired ~5 million reads and assembled them into 26 765 contigs from 12 libraries made from samples of different RPW developmental stages based on the Roche/454 GS FLX platform. We annotated these contigs based on the publically available known insect genes and the Tribolium castaneum genome assembly. We find that over 80% of coding sequences （CDS） from the RPW contigs have high-identity homologs to known proteins with complete CDS. Gene expression analysis shows that the pupa and larval stages have the highest and lowest expression levels, respectively. In addition, we also identified more than 60 000 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 1 200 simple sequence repeat markers. This study provides the first large-scale eDNA dataset for RPW, a much-needed resource for future molecular studies.     

Mechanisms for flowering plants to benefit arthropod natural enemies of insect pests： Prospects for enhanced use in agriculture

Reduction of noncrop habitats, intensive use of pesticides and high levels of disturbance associated with intensive crop production simplify the farming landscape and bring about a sharp decline of biodiversity. This, in turn, weakens the biological control ecosystem service provided by arthropod natural enemies. Strategic use of flowering plants to enhance plant biodiversity in a well-targeted manner can provide natural enemies with food sources and shelter to improve biological control and reduce dependence on chemical pesticides. This article reviews the nutritional value of various types of plant-derived food for natural enemies, possible adverse effects on pest management, and the practical application of flowering plants in orchards, vegetables and field crops, agricultural systems where most research has taken place. Prospects for more effective use of flowering plants to maximize biological control of insect pests in agroecosystem are good but depend up on selection of optimal plant species based on information on the ecological mechanisms by which natural enemies are selectively favored over pest species.     

DECISION TOOLS FOR MULBERRY THRIPS PSEUDODENDROTHRIPS MORI （NIWA, 1908） MANAGEMENT IN SERICULTURAL REGIONS; AN OVERVIEW

Mulberry thrips Pseudodendrothrips mori (Niwa, 1908) is a major pest of mulberry trees recorded from different sericultural regions of the world. The thrips infestation affects the qualitative and quantitative characters of mulberry leaf, by direct feeding damage to leaves and the ingestion of sap, which in turn affects the silkworm cocoon crop. This is most harmful in dry climates and seasons when heavily attacked plants lose moisture heavily. Under these conditions infestation can seriously deplete yields. The seasonal population fluctuation and the degree of damage caused to the host plant are influenced by various environmental factors including climate, host-plant variety, topography, soil type, and management regimes.This article attempts to review all available documents on mulberry thrips and to discuss the practical approaches for best control of this pest.     

烟叶贮存期害虫的控制技术

烟叶在贮存期中易受虫害 ,烟叶受害后损失在 2 %～ 3%。因而对其防治必须高度重视 ,采用综合性的控制对策能收到较好的防治效果。