药用植物浸提液抑制蛋白核小球藻生长的化感效应

研究了11种药用植物浸提液对水华藻种蛋白核小球藻的影响,结果显示:黄连、重楼、贯众、防己4种药用植物的浸提液均有抑藻效应。当药用植物浸提液的相对浓度为1g/L处理时,其半抑制效应时间LT50的排序为:防己重楼黄连贯众。进一步研究防己的相对浓度梯度抑藻效应,结果表明:在相对浓度为2g/L时,实验3d后的藻细胞几乎全部死亡;防己的抑藻效应受贮藏时间和贮藏温度的影响不显著。在所研究的药用植物中,防己的抑藻效果最好,在抑藻方面有较大应用前景,其它3种药用植物对轻度藻类爆发的控制也有潜在应用价值。     

调理脾胃法治疗维持性血透患者营养不良的报告

目的:探讨调理脾胃法治疗维持性血透患者营养不良的效果.方法:40例维持性血透患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组在对症处理相同、血透相关因素一致条件下进行维持血透治疗,治疗组同时根据辨证分型服用调理脾胃中药,疗程3个月.结果:与本组治疗前相比较,治疗后的各项生化指标明显提高(P<0.01),蛋白分解率也较治疗前提高(P<0.05),SGA分级好转(P<0.01),临床常见症状体征积分随治疗时间延长呈下降趋势(P(0.05);治疗组与对照组治疗后的各项生化指标、蛋白分解率、SGA分级及临床常见症状体征积分等差异均具有显著性(P<0.05).结论:中药调理脾胃法可以改善维持性血透患者营养不良状况.     

Effect of Human WEE1 and Stem Cell Factor on Human CD34^＋ Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Damage Induced by Chemotherapeutic Agents

Myelosuppression is one of the major side-effects of most anticancer drugs. To achieve myeloprotection, one bicistronic vector encoding anti-apoptotic protein human WEE l （WEElHu） and proliferation-stimulating stem cell factor （SCF） was generated. In this study, we selected human umbilical cord blood CD34^＋ cells as the in vitro model in an attempt to investigate whether WEEIHu, rather than conventional drug-resistant genes, can be introduced to rescue cells from the damage by chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, adriamycin, mitomycin-c and 5-fluorouracil. Cell viability and cytotoxicity assay, colony-forming units in culture assay and externalization of phospholipid phosphatidylserine analysis showed that the expression of WEElHu and SCF in CD34^＋ cells provided the cells with some protection. These findings suggest that the expression of WEElHu and SCF might rescue CD34^＋ cells from chemotherapyinduced myelosuppression.     

中国人胃癌染色体17q21区域基因遗传不稳定性研究

To investigate microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, and their effect on the expression of nm23H1 and BRCA1 of gastric cancer, which would provide experimental basis for clinical treatment and prognosis analysis of gastric cancer. DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded materials. Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) was used to analyze MSI and LOH. Expression of nm23H, and BRCA1 was detected by Envision immuno-histochemistry and Leica-Qwin computer imaging techniques. In the forty cases of gastric cancer, the frequency of MSI, LOH and nm23H1 protein were 20.00%, 17.50% and 55.00% respectively at locus D17S396, while at locus D17S579, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 protein were 22.50%, 15.00% and 37.50% respectively; at locus D17S855, the frequency of MSI, LOH and BRCA1 of thirty-seven cases were 18.92%, 18.92%, 37.84% respectively. In tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, at locus D17S396, D17S579 and D17S855, MSI in stages I + II appeared more frequently than that in stages III + IV, while LOH appeared the contrary tendency. In the group of metastasis of gastric cancer, MSI had a less frequency (5.00%) than that with no metastasis (35.00%, P < 0.05) at locus D17S396, but LOH appeared more frequently (30.00%) than that with no metastasis (5.00%, P < 0.05). At locus D17S579, MSI had an increasing tendency with the degree of tumor differentiation (50.00% in high differentiation cases, 20.00% in middle differentiation cases, and 0% in low differentiation cases, P < 0.05). The frequency of nm23H1 and BRCA1 protein in stages TNM I + II was higher than that in stages TNM III + IV; and that in higher differentiation cases was higher than in poor differentiation cases. The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group of metastasis (30.00%) was less than that with no metastasis significantly (80.00%, P<0.01). The frequency of nm23H1 protein in the group positive to MSI (87.50%) was higher than that in the group negative to MSI (46.88%, P < 0.05). However, nm23H1 protein in group positive to LOH (14.29%) was lower than that in the group negative to LOH (63.64%, P < 0.05). The frequency of BRCA1 protein in the group positive to MSI (66.67%) was more than that in the group negative to MSI (29.03%, P < 0.05). The results of experiments indicate that MSI and LOH may separately control the development of sporadic colon cancer with different pathways. MSI may be an early period molecule marker for sporadic colon cancer, enhanced expression of nm23H1 protein can effectively inhibit colon cancer metastasis and improve prognosis of sporadic colon cancer patients. By comparison, LOH mostly arises in the late period of sporadic colon cancer and endows a high aggressive and poor prognostic phenotype. nm23H1 protein could effectively restrain gastric cancer metastasis and development; and BRCA1 protein could restain tumor from becoming lower differentiation.     

杨树截干上白杨透翅蛾的危害及防治

在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市杨树人工防护林区,采用杨树高枝截干是防治光肩星天牛Anoplophora glabripennis(Motschulsky)的有效手段之一。但在当年春季杨树截干上留下的机械伤口及新萌发枝条,为白杨透翅蛾Paranthrene tabaniformis(Rott.)的入侵提供了有利条件。白杨透翅蛾在1~3年的截干上发生密度较高,严重时影响到新萌发枝干的生长甚至死亡。2007年5月调查发现,在杨树截干上白杨透翅蛾的有虫株率达到89·17%,平均虫口密度达到(3·40±0·21)头/株,远远超过了0·3头/株的最低防治标准。最后,结合当地杨树人工防护林网的特殊环境条件,提出了针对性的防治措施。     

基于卫星遥感数据的黄淮海地区植被覆盖时空变化特征

利用1982—2003年GIMMS NDVI遥感数据,在进行合成、重采样和时间序列滤波处理的基础上,采用线性趋势分析、经验正交函数分解等方法,对中国黄淮海地区植被覆盖的时空特征进行了研究。结果表明:22年来黄淮海地区植被覆盖总体上呈略微增加的趋势,且该区域生长季有提前和延长的趋势;黄淮海大部分地区植被活动在增强的同时,局部地区出现了植被退化现象;从季节变化上看,春季上升和夏季下降趋势明显;林地为主的自然植被、草甸类自然植被和所有农业植被未变化类别占主导地位,而草原植被则以增加趋势为主。主要生长季的NDVI距平EOF分析表明,第1模态的主要特征是区域中间、北部和南端为正,四周为负变化;第2模态的主要特征是从东南向西北由正到负变化且正值区明显偏多;第3模态从东南向西北呈现"正-负-正"的空间分布,其中负值区大部分为以林地为主的自然植被区和一年一熟农业植被,正值区大部分为农耕区和草原牧区,该模态大致反映了农牧区和林区的NDVI分布型。     

病毒感染条件下家蚕ORC的表达变化

DNA复制原点识别复合体(origin recognition complex,ORC)识别并结合在DNA复制原点上,募集其他相关的复制因子组成复制前复合体(pre-replication complex,pre-RC)。ORC各个独立的亚基还具有非复制相关的功能。利用荧光定量PCR技术监测感染核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)后,家蚕五龄起蚕脂肪体组织中ORC各个亚基的表达的变化。在感染早期,ORC的拷贝数有所下降,随后表达量增加,并出现两个峰值。病毒感染36 h后,ORC各个亚基的表达量均下降。家蚕感染病毒后,脂肪体组织中ORC的表达趋势与病毒DNA复制的趋势相近,推测BmORC参与了病毒DNA的复制。     

硫氧还蛋白的共价修饰

硫氧还蛋白是细胞中普遍存在的低分子量蛋白质,为生物体所必需。硫氧还蛋白、硫氧还蛋白还原酶和烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷磷酸组成硫氧还蛋白系统,调节细胞的氧化还原状态。硫氧还蛋白不仅维持细胞的氧化还原平衡,还具有抗凋亡及促进细胞增殖等功能。原核细胞的硫氧还蛋白仅含有两个半胱氨酸残基,真核细胞的硫氧还蛋白除了活性中心的两个半胱氨酸残基外,通常还有另外的半胱氨酸残基。这些半胱氨酸残基的共价修饰使硫氧还蛋白具有了更丰富的功能。硫氧还蛋白的共价修饰包括谷胱甘肽化、巯基氧化、亚硝基化和烷基化。     

中国的褐褶菌属(担子菌门,非褶菌目)的研究

对中国褐褶菌属Gloeophyllum的种类进行了研究,并记录了此属中10个种。其中喜干褐褶菌Gloeophyllumprotractum是中国的新记录种,发现于黑龙江和四川省的针叶树倒木上。根据中国的材料详细描述了此种,并列出褐褶菌属的检索表。     

植物内生真菌化感作用的研究现状

植物内生真菌能产生酚类、萜类和生物碱类等多种类型的化感物质,它们在植物的生长发育、抗生物胁迫和非生物胁迫方面发挥重要作用。对植物内生真菌的化感作用及其所产生的化感物质进行了综述,并展望了其化感作用的应用前景。