矮牵牛的离体培养和快速繁殖

InvitroCultureandRapidPro阴切nonofCommonpetunianHua,WENChun－Xu（PbeedeyIfes～lrchIndddeofHdri,SAsfor050061）1植物名称矮牵牛（Petun。htwde）,又名碧冬茄。2材料类别茎尖、带芽的茎段。3培养条件（回）诱导培养基：l／3MS＋6－BAImg／L（单位下同）＋IBA0．02＋GellanGum（进口琼脂）2g／L;（2）增殖培养基：MS＋6．BA0．5～1＋IBA0．2;（3）生根培养基：l／2MS＋IBA0．5。培养基含蔗糖25g／L,（2）和（3）附加普通琼脂55g／L。PH58,高压灭菌。培养温度22～25”C,光照度1500IX,照光10～12h／d。毛生…     

升汞和次氯酸钠对黄瓜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响（简报）

次氯酸钠灭菌的黄瓜种子,其发芽系数低于用升汞灭菌的,而苗高、苗重、子叶重、子叶开度、叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白质含量则均高于用升汞灭菌的。两种药剂灭菌的子叶,在离体培养时也有明显区别。     

大绒鼠的分带核型研究

本文采用G带、C带和银染核仁组织者(Ag-NORs)等技术,对大绒鼠(Eothe nomys miletus miletus)的核型进行观察分析。结果表明:2n=56,常染色体和性染色体皆为单臂染色体。X染色体的长度接近于No.1染色体,Y染色体的长度相当于14号染色体。G分带可鉴别每对染色体的特征,C-带核型中全部着丝点C带均显示不同程度的阳性。Y染色体整条呈阳性。Ag-NORs有5对,分别分布于1、2、6、14和27号染色体的着丝粒附近。通过核型分析,对大绒鼠的分类地位进行了初步探讨。     

露水草的根培养和β—蜕皮激素的形成

用加ＮＡＡ和ＢＡＰ的ＭＳ培养基,从露水草根、茎和叶的外植物诱导出根,并用升液式生物反应器成功地进行放大规模培养。胆甾醇和法呢醇对培养根的生长无明显影响,但胆甾醇能促进β－蜕皮激素的合成。     

地中海拟无枝酸杆菌甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶和消旋酶的纯化及性质

采用原生质体裂解方法确定甲基丙二酰CoA变位酶(MCM)和消旋酶(MCR)均是胞浆内酶。各经过四步纯化得到电泳纯酶。纯化MCM酶的比活力为12.84u/mg,纯化倍数为528,酶活回收为60％,纯化的MCM酶服从典型的米氏底物饱和曲线,对琥珀酰CoA和辅酶B_(12)的K_m值分别为9.723#mol/L和0.1277#mol/L。经SephadexG-150测定MCM分子量约为134.000±2000,SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示两条分子量分别为67000和65000的蛋白带,说明该酶由两个大小不等亚基组成。吸收光谱测定每摩尔纯化全酶含两摩尔辅酶B_(12)。纯化MCR酶比活力为2.305u/mg,纯化倍数96,酶活回收46.7％。MCR酶由两个分子量均为17500的亚基组成。MCR酶活性能被二价金属离子Cu²⁺、Co²⁺、Mg²⁺、Mn²⁺和Fe²⁺所促进。两酶的酶学性质和其他生物来源的MCM、MCR酶明显相似。     

水稻体细胞无性系R_1、R_2代中的雄性育性变异观察

通过水稻幼穗培养,１９９１－１９９２两年间,在５个品种（珍汕９７Ｂ、红源Ａ、包源Ａ、Ｗ６１５４ｓ,和南广占）中共获得了５０株雄性不育变异株,其中Ｒ_１代有４８株,Ｒ_２代有２株。在Ｒ１代,共获得５２６８株再生植株,雄性不育变异的平均频率为０．９１％（０．８３－１．０８％）;在Ｒ_２代（珍汕９７Ｂ）发生雄性不育变异的频率为２％。本文报道了多种花粉败育类型之间可以相互转变现象,此外不育和可育之间亦可以相互转变。对离体培养产生的雄性不育变异株用一批现有ＣＭＳ（Ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｅ）不育系的典型保持系、恢复系进行测交,结果表明,Ｗ６１５４ｓ产生的雄性育性变异株仍保持核不育的特性;红源Ａ产生的雄性育性变异株有的可能是嵌合体,有的其败育花粉类型虽发生了变化,但其恢保关系并没有改变,有的则可能已转成类似ＷＡ型的不育材料;南广占产生的典败变异株,其恢保关系类似ＷＡ型,可能属核不育转成ＣＭＳ的首例发现。     

羊草草地枯枝落叶中N,P,K变化动态

羊草草地枯枝落叶中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ变化动态郭继勋,祝廷成（东北师范大学国家草地生态工程实验室,长春１３００２４）ＤｙｎａｍｉｃｓｏｆＮ,ＰａｎｄＫｉｎｌｉｔｔｅｒｓｏｎＡｎｅｕｒｏｌｏｐｉｄｉｕｍｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｅｇｒａｓｓｌａｎｄ．￥ＧｕｏＪｉｘｕｎａｎｄ...     

Plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline resistant cell line in Onobrychis viciaefolia

An efficient protocol for plant regeneration from protoplasts of hydroxyproline(HYP)resistant cell line of Onobrychis viciaefolia was established.In SH medium supplemented with 1mg/L2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid(2,4-D),0.5mg/L kinetin(KT)and 0.2mg/L naphthalene acetic acid(NAA),the division frequency of protoplastderived cells reached up to over 60%,and microcalli were obtained in 5-6wk.Upon transferring them on agar solidified MS medium plus 2mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA),shoots were induced.After cultivating them on MS medium with or without IAA,roots were regenerated.Chromosome number of all protoplast-regenerated plants examined were normal(2n=28).The protoplast-derived calli and plants grew vigorously on the medium containing 10 mmol/L HYP.     

Chromosomal localization of ribosomal DNA sequences in an apple rootstock using a digoxygenin detection system

A 6kb rDNA probe comprising the 18S coding plus spacer sequences has been hybridized to the metaphase chromosomes of apple rootstock cultivar MM106 demonstrating the localization of ribosomal gene arrays in the vicinity of the telomeric regions of the short arms of chromosomes 6 and 14.The in situ results using digoxygenin labelling coupled to an alkaline phosphatase immunoassay were confirmed by silver staining for NORs and nucleoli.This study demonstrates the feasibility of molecular cytogenetic analysis of very small chromosomes(1.0-2.7μm） of apple.