Pollen Morphology of Eight Genera of the Subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） from Asia

The pollen morphology of 28 species and one variety representing eight genera of the subtribe Mutisiinae Less. sensu Bremer （Compositae） was investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and light microscopy. The pollen grains are usually radically symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shape varies from spheroidal to subprolate in equatorial view and is three-lobed circular in polar view. Based on exine sculpturing observed under SEM, the pollen grains can be divided into three types： （i） type Ⅰ, with macrogranulate sculpture; （ii） type Ⅱ, with a finely granulate sculpture; and （iii） type Ⅲ with spiny sculpture. The palynological data showed that the Macroclinidium Maxim. was remarkably distinguished from those of the other seven genera. The variation of pollen characteristics within the Mutisiinae in Asia is little at species level, but it proves some useful information for studying the relationships among genera and it has an important significance in further understanding the evolutionary history of Mutisiinae.     

Ectopic Expression of the Pttknl Gene Induces Alterations in the Morphology of the Leaves and Flowers in Petunia hybrida Vilm.

A novel knottedl-like homeobox （knox） gene, Pttknl （Populus tremulaxtremuloides knottedl）, isolated from the cambial region of hybrid aspen, was introduced into Petunia hybrida Vilm. using the leafdisc method mediated by Agrobacterium. A series of novel phenotypes was observed in transgenic petunia plants, including the formation of ectopic spikes on the adaxial surface of corollas and small petals on the abaxial surface of corollas, fusion of floral organs, shortening of corolla midribs, the formation of tumor-like knots along the midrib on the abaxial surface and serrated lobs of corolla margins, and alterations in petal color; except for changes in the leaves and plant architecture, RT-PCR showed that the Pttknl gene was expressed in the leaves of different petunia transgenic plants, whereas no signal was detected in wild-type plants. The possible function of Pttknl in leaf and flower development is discussed.     

Pollen Morphology of Parnassia L. （Parnassiaceae） and Its Systematic Implications

The pollen morphology of 28 species of Parnassia L. was investigated with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shape of pollen grains in this genus varies from subspheroidal to prolate in equatorial view and is three-lobed circular in the polar view. Pollen grains are usually radially symmetrical, isopolar, tricolporate or syntricolporate, with reticulate sculpture. The pollen characteristics among species are fairly similar to each other. Morphological information regarding the pollen grains shows that Parnassia is a natural genus. Based on exine ornamentation observed under SEM, three types of pollen grains were recognized: (i) type I, with foveolate-reticulate sculpture; (ii) type II, with a finely reticulate sculpture; and (iii) type III, with a coarsely reticulate sculpture. Most sections of this genus have one type of sculpture of pollen morphology, but Sect. Nectarotrilobos has three types of sculpture and Sect.Saxifragastrum has two types of sculpture. All three types of sculpture can be found in Southwest China,with species with the longest (Parnassia delavayi Franch.) and shortest (Parnassiafaberi Oliv.) colpi,implying that Southwest China is the center of diversification of the genus.     

云南省鸟类种的新纪录--花田鸡

20 0 3年10月15日2 0 :30至10月16日7:0 0 ,笔者在云南省巍山彝族回族自治县庙街镇隆庆关(2 5°17′4 5″N ,10 0°2 1′14″E ,海拔2 5 80m )进行夜间鸟类环志工作时,捕获一只秧鸡科鸟类标本。标本经鉴定确认为国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类花田鸡Porzanaexquisita (Cheng ,1987) ,系云南省鸟类种的新纪录。标本现保存于中国科学院昆明动物研究所鸟类标本室。所采获的花田鸡标本形态描述如下:额部褐色;头顶黑色;上体羽褐色,背、两肩具有显著的黑色纵纹及众多白色点斑;尾羽黑色。初级飞羽黑色,第一枚初级飞羽的外缘白色;次级飞羽羽端具宽而显著…     

封面照片:达摩凤蝶Papilio demoleus L.

本期封面为达摩凤蝶。该蝶翅表黑褐色,前、后翅外缘波状,边缘具1列淡黄色点,两性的翅基部均无尾状突。前翅背面基部有许多细碎淡黄色点,组成多条横线;亚外缘具9个成列的淡黄色斑;前缘至后缘有大小不同的淡黄色斑1 4个,其中3个在中室内的端半部。后翅亚外缘有成列的6个淡黄斑;前缘至臀缘有大形连片的淡黄色斑;近前缘中部有1个蓝黑色眼斑;臀角处有1个红色椭圆斑,该斑上部蓝色(雌蝶蓝斑较大)。前翅腹面近顶角具黄斑,基部有黄色带状纹;后翅腹面中域为棕色斑和黑点斑占据。国内分布于湖北、江西、浙江、福建、广东、广西、云南、贵州、台湾;国外…     

基于MSPA和MCR模型的江苏省生态网络构建与优化

快速城市化背景下, 经济发达区生境斑块日益破碎化, 生物多样性受到严重威胁, 构建生态网络是有效连接生境斑块和保护物种栖息地的重要手段。以江苏省为例, 采用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法识别重要生态源地, 基于最小累积阻力模型构建生态网络连接生态源地, 并选取整体连通性指数(IIC)量化生态源地斑块和生态廊道的重要性, 最后提出江苏省生态网络优化建议, 为江苏省生态安全格局构建提供参考和借鉴。主要研究结果如下: (1)核心区斑块主要用地类型为大型水体、湿地和林地, 主要包括太湖、洪泽湖、高邮湖、骆马湖等大型湖泊、东部沿海地区的湿地以及江苏西南部的林地斑块; (2)由于江苏省耕地面积广阔, 因此耕地在生态网络中有较大比例; (3)水域、林地、湿地也是生态廊道的主要组成部分, 为减小水体对动物迁徙的阻碍作用, 可以在水域周边人工造林, 为动物迁徙提供暂栖地; (4)生态廊道构成中, 建设用地占比15.44%, 这是近年来江苏省快速城镇化和建设用地的过度扩张的结果。     

念珠伪角毛虫小核体功能初步研究

为了研究念珠伪角毛虫的小核是否具有及具有怎样的体功能,采用显微切割手术去小核并建立无小核细胞系。经蛋白银染色鉴定,无小核细胞系群体中大多数细胞的形态结构存在缺陷：口围带的部分小膜缺损或排列紊乱,大核的数目和形态也不正常。这表明,念珠伪角毛虫的小核对于保持口围带结构的完整性以及大核的数目和形态结构的稳定性起着明确的作用。     

虫形飞机的形态动态

文章介绍了虫形飞机的概念和用途,类型,基本结构,设计与制造难点等方面,并简单介绍了我国有关研究情况。     

虫形飞机的研究动态

文章介绍了虫形飞机的概念和用途、类型、基本结构、设计与制造难点等方面 ,并简单介绍了我国有关研究情况     

AFM对小鼠胚胎干细胞的形态学研究

目的：对已建系BALB/c小鼠胚胎干细胞膜表面进行纳米级超微结构的初步形态学研究,从而为从分子水平研究胚胎干细胞的增殖与分化调控机理奠定基础。方法：利用原子力显微镜（AFM）,在空气中对小鼠胚胎干细胞膜表面扫描成像。结果：AFM图像表现BALB/c小鼠胚胎干细胞呈圆盘状,直径约10-15μm,高约2-4μm,胚胎干细胞膜表面比较复杂,随着扫描范围的减小,切向分辨率逐渐增大,可达到纳米分辨,细胞表面有许多紧密堆积的椭球状颗粒。颗粒尺寸（x-y方向）为40-80nm。结果：利用AFM可以得到胚胎干细胞表面高分辨的,可重复的图像。