中国西北沙漠拟步甲二新种：（鞘翅目：拟步甲科）

本文描述了拟步甲科沙潜族漠潜属的两个新种:毛乌素漠潜Melanesthes(Melanesthes)maowusuensis sp.nov.和景泰漠潜Melanesthes(Melanesthes)jintaiensis sp.nov.。     

花背蟾蜍繁殖习性的观察

本文报道了辽宁省北镇县城郊花背蟾蜍的繁殖习性。     

Studies on the physiological function of spermine in the process of progesterone induced toad oocyte maturation

Spermidine or spermine but not putrescine inhibited progesterone induced Bufo bufo gargarizans oocyte maturation.The ID50 for spermine inhibition via intra -oocyte microinjection on maturation induced by progesterone was 6.8mM(100nl).Spermine could inhibit MPF induced toad oocyte maturation with a much higher ID50.A 55 kD protein was dephosphorylated during the process of progesterone induced oocyte maturation .Spermine selectively promoted the level of phosphorylation of this protein in both progesterone-stimulated and hormone-untreated oocytes.The extent of its dephosphorylation was fairly Correlated with the percentage of GVBD in the hormone stimulated oocytes.The level of endogenous spermine was reduced by 28% between the perod of 0.40 GVBD50 and 0.60 GVBD50,at which 55 kD protein was dephosphorylated.Spermine inhibited progesterone-stimulated protein synthesis in almost the same dose dependent manner as its inhititory effect on the hormone-induced maturation,The endogenous spermine regulated 55 kD protein dephosphorylation which may trigger the increase of protein dephosphorylation which may trigger the increase of protein synthesis and in turn promote the activation of MPF,It is possible that 55 kD protein may be one of the components of messenger ribonucleoprotein(mRNP) particles.     

花背蟾蜍眼早期形态发生中其主要部分空间联系的研究

本文用扫描电镜研究了花背蟾蜍眼早期形态发生中视泡和预定晶状体、晶状体和预定角膜上皮间的紧密接触,此后在接触处出现间隙,其中存在呈网状的原纤维(fibril),这些原纤维的数量随两侧相连组织的分化,表现出增多、减少和逐渐消失的规律性变化,据此推测其成分属细胞外基质,对促进相连组织的分化起重要作用。     

中华大蟾蜍消化道嗜银细胞的分布及形态学观察

本文用Grimelius嗜银法对12只中华大蟾蜍消化道嗜银细胞的分布及形态进行了初步观察．结果显示：（1）中华大蟾蜍消化道嗜银细胞的分布密度依次为;食管为31．51±6.73;胃贲门为67．52±3．81;胃体部为49．41±5．69;胃幽门部为142．58±6．69;十二指肠为34．63±5．26;空肠为25．36±2．57;回肠为13．28±3．29;（2）嗜银细胞在食管部分主要集中子食管腺;在胃部主要集中于胃腺,在小肠部主要分布于绒毛上皮之间;（3）嗜银细胞的形态也是多种多样,有锥体形、三角形、椭圆形、长梭形等。     

漠甲亚科八种幼虫记述(鞘翊目：拟步甲科)

漠甲亚科Pimcliinae是一类广布于古北区的耐旱沙漠昆虫,幼虫在沙土内发育,危害 植物嫩芽和根部,经济意义较大。本文记述了采自宁夏、甘肃、内蒙古和新疆的8个种,即多毛扁漠甲、谢氏宽漠甲、泥脊漠甲^[1]、洛氏脊漠甲^[1]、光滑胖漠甲^[1]、蒙古漠王、谢氏宽漠王和大宽漠王的幼虫,并给出它们的检索表。幼虫标本保存于宁夏农学院。     

蟾蜍血压观察简易实验方法

血压的概念与血压的形成是初中生理卫生课中重点内容之一。为了使学生对血压有一个直观的认识,深入理解心脏活动与血压的关系,本文设计出一种观察腊赊血压的简易实验方法。1实验材料蟾蜍、玻璃管、细塑料导管、水银、3％柠檬酸钠、0．of％肾上腺素、0．01％乙酸胆碱,25％氨基甲酸乙酯、任氏液、1％KCI、2％CaCI。、解剖器械、止血钳、蛙板、注射器、针头、棉花及棉线少许、烧坏等。2实验方法2二1制作简易水银检压计将直径4mm的玻璃管弯成U形管,管的一侧外边上带有毫米刻度指标的纸片。然后取一细的塑料导管（可利用吊瓶用的一次性塑…     

花背蟾蜍♀×中华大蟾蜍♂受精过程的细胞学研究

对以花背蟾蜍作母本、中华大蟾蜍作父本的受精卵从受精后10分钟到180分钟期间进行了细胞学研究。结果表明,杂交受精卵与花背蟾蜍本种受精卵发育过程基本一致。在18-20℃室温下人工受精后20-30分钟精子入卵;60-70分钟雌雄原核形成,80-100分钟雌雄原核相互移近相结;110-140分钟,雌雄原核结合,形成合子核;150-180分钟首次卵裂中期图形建成。整个受精过程中,实验组比对照组落后20分钟,此外,阶段内受精卵发育的一致性不如对照组。 Abstract:The cytology changes in the cross0fertilized eggs 10 to 180 minutes after fertilization between Bufo raddei(female)and Bufo bufo(male)was in vestigated.The experiment results showed:The development process of fertilitzed eggs in experiment roup and control group was basically similar.They all undergo the same progress:the sperm entering the egg,the sperm head decondensing,male and female pronucleus forming,two pronuclei moving together and fusing.It took 180 minutes for the fertilized eggs to form the metaphase picture of the first cleavage at 18~20 centigrade in water.The development speed of fertilized egg was 20 minutes slower that control group.The development of cross0fertilied egg was not as even as than of control group.     

吉林省临江市发现史氏蟾蜍

2014年7月,在吉林省临江市白马浪村附近的白马浪沟(41°41'~41°42'N,126°38'~126°39'E,海拔370~519 m)的野外调查中采集到13只雌性蟾蜍标本,经鉴定为史氏蟾蜍,为吉林省首次发现。     

人工诱导冬眠对中华蟾蜍血液和组织中宏量营养素的影响

为探寻冬眠期间两栖动物血液和组织中宏量营养素的适应性改变过程,经人工诱导冬眠,检测了中华蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)在冬眠第1、3、7、14、28、42、56天的体重和脏器指数,以及血液、心、肝和骨骼肌组织中宏量营养素的含量。结果显示:1)冬眠期间中华蟾蜍体重未出现显著性变化,无性别差异。雄性蟾蜍的心、肝和腓肠肌的脏器指数显著性大于雌性(P0.01),但同一性别的脏器指数在冬眠期间无显著性变化。2)血中葡萄糖浓度自冬眠第42天起显著下降(P0.01);总蛋白在冬眠后第56天显著降低(P0.05),总胆固醇变化不显著。血中宏量营养素无性别差异。3)肝糖原自冬眠第42天起显著下降(P0.01),肌糖原自冬眠第1天起显著性下降(P0.05),而骨骼肌和心肌组织蛋白含量无显著变化。组织中宏量营养素无性别差异。人工诱导冬眠条件下,中华蟾蜍血液和组织中的糖类含量先迅速下降,血液中的蛋白成分只在深眠时才显著减少,但血液和组织中的宏量营养素水平可在1个月内维持稳定,这可能是其适应冬眠的主要生理学机制之一。