尾壳核内注射脑啡肽和bestatin对大鼠操作式条件...

Female Wistar rats were trained in a Skinner-box, 30 trials per day in a dark room to establish operant defence conditioning. Training started with a light (15 s), then combined with footshock for further 8 s. When the rats learned to press the key to avoid footshock within 15 s, conditioned response was considered established. After the rats reached a conditioning rate (CR) above 80% for 5 days, cannulae were implanted into caudate-putamen. Two to three days later, Met-enkephalin (MEK) or bestatin (an aminopeptidase inhibitor) was injected bilaterally into caudate-putamen. 30 min, 2 h, 24 h and 48 h after injection, conditioning tests were conducted, with each session consisting of 30 trials. Control experiments were done when 0.9% NaCl (NS) was injected. After injection of NS, CR maintained above 80% in all 4 test sessions. MEK (60 ng/rat) or bestatin (10 micrograms/rat) significantly lowered the CR during the 30 min and 2 h test session. In the latter case, the latency (L) was also prolonged. However both CR and L returned to the control level in the 24 h and 48 h test sessions. Naloxone (2 mg/kg, i.p.) blocked the conditioning-depression effect of bestatin. No significant alteration was seen in locomotor activity after MEK or bestatin injection. The results suggest that enkephalin in caudate-putamen may be involved in the regulation of retrieval of conditioning. Bestatin mimics the effect of MEK on conditioning reflex probably by increasing production of endogenous enkephalin.     

进口原木中截获的刺角沟额天牛的研究

<正> 刺角沟额天牛Hoplocerambyx spinicornis(Newman)是多次在海口口岸从马来西亚进口的梢原木中截获的1种我国尚未发现有分布的危险性林木害虫。在印度它被列为“最危险的森林害虫”。与我毗邻各国大多有此虫分布,日本在进口原木中也将该虫传入本土。为此,各口岸动植物检疫所对从东洋区进口的木材应重视该虫的检疫。我们从1985～1990年对该虫的成、幼虫形态特征、寄主植物、为害情况等进行了研究,并用检疫中截获的初龄幼虫     

泉种蝇属一新种(双翅目:花蝇科)

本文记述泉种蝇属Pegohylemyia一新种。新种模式标本采自位于黔北高原的宽阔水自然保护区,保存于作者所在单位。 诹访泉种蝇Pegohylemyia suwai新种 雄 体长7.0mm。眼具稀疏微毛。额约为头宽的1/19或触角第三节宽的2/3。间额前方橘红,向后渐黑;粉波银灰;间额交叉鬃发达,其前下方尚具一个小鬃。侧额狭,至     

中国偶角实蝇属记述(双翅目:实蝇科)

偶角实蝇属Aischrocrania Hendel,1927隶于实蝇亚科、实蝇族,自亨特耳(Hendel,1927)根据其模式种散带偶角实蝇A.aldrichi Hendel建立本属以来,世界现知共4种,除桠纹偶角实蝇A.jucunda Ito产于日本(北海道、九州)外,其余3种包括本篇记述的1新种均分布于中国。 本属两性成虫异型。雄性额中部明显洼陷,侧缘具嵴,部分种类的下侧额鬃直立、粗大,特化而呈刺状等特征与瘤额实蝇属Vidalia.近似,主要区别在于触角奇特,第2节前端上方具一明显的角形突;下侧额鬃5—11对不等。雌性因触角和下侧额鬃正常,鉴定时     

中国虻科(双翅目)二新种

作者曾于1986年首次报道了在我国四川省汶川县卧龙地区发现的指虻属(Isshikia)一新种——汶川指虻。本文再次记述了在我国海南省发现的另一指虻属新种——海南指虻。另外同时记述在我国西藏地区发现的瘤虻属(Hybomitra)一新种——黑须瘤虻。模式标本均保存于中国科学院动物研究所。     

中国甲蟋属记述(直翅目:蟋蟀科)

甲蟋属Acanthoplistus Saussure,1877隶属于蟋蟀总科、蟋蟀科。以前Chopard等蟋蟀分类专家曾根据此属的外部形态特征将其归于铁蟋科,1983年Gorochov l研究其外生殖器后认为Acanthoplistus属应属于蟋蟀科更为合理。其属征是前胸背板方形,盘区前缘向后凹星缓弧形,后缘平直,盘区和侧叶之间具明显纵隆线;足短,侧扁,后胫节具刺     

青厉螨属一新种：（蜱螨亚纲：厉螨科）

本文记述青厉螨属一新种——顾氏青厉螨Qinghailaelaps gui sp.nov.,其特征:背板刚毛除F_2外,位于前足体的毛较后半体的明显粗长;生殖腹板与肛板间距为肛孔长的2倍;腹表皮刚毛约95对;寄生于未订名熊蜂体上。模式标本采自宁夏海原县,保存在宁夏回族自治区地方病防治所和贵阳医学院寄生虫学教研室。