噬菌体裂解酶的抗菌特性

摘要：噬菌体裂解酶是一类细胞壁水解酶,可水解肽聚糖,造成细菌的破裂。裂解酶一般具有两到三个结构域,参与对底物的催化和结合。作为一种新型的杀菌制剂,裂解酶已被越来越多地应用于化脓链球菌、肺炎链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等革兰氏阳性细菌病的治疗。与抗生素治疗相比,裂解酶不易使细菌产生抗性且作用相对专一,这可能是解决现在日趋严重的细菌耐药性的一种可行方法。另外,裂解酶还具有高效性,作用协同性,且自身抗体不削弱其作用等优势,使之成为未来预防、控制致病菌一种可能的新途径。     

噬菌体展示技术及其在肿瘤研究中的应用

噬菌体表面展示技术是一项特异性多肽或蛋白的筛选技术,它将随机序列的多肽或蛋白片段与噬菌体衣壳蛋白融合表达而呈现于病毒表面,被展示的多肽能保持相对独立的空间结构,使其能够与配体作用而达到模仿性筛选特异性分子表位,从而提供了高通量高效率的筛选系统。近年来噬菌体展示技术已广泛应用于肿瘤抗原抗体库的建立、单克隆抗体制备、多肽筛选、疫苗研制、肿瘤相关抗原筛选和抗原表位研究、药物设计、癌症检测和诊断、基因治疗及细胞信号转导研究等。就近年来噬菌体展示技术在肿瘤相关研究中的运用作以综述。     

Large-Scale Analyses of Glycosylation in Cellulases

Cellulases are important glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) that hydrolyze cellulose polymers into smaller oligosaccharides by breaking the cellulose β (1→4) bonds,and they are widely used to produce cellulosic ethanol from the plant biomass.N-linked and O-linked glycosylations were proposed to impact the catalytic efficiency,cellulose binding affinity and the stability of cellulases based on observations of individual cellulases.As far as we know,there has not been any systematic analysis of the distributions of N-...     

《菌物学报》竭诚欢迎刊登广告

<正>《菌物学报》是中国科学院主管的全国性的菌物学学术期刊。主要刊登菌物系统分类学、形态学、分子与细胞水平的进化菌物学、菌物区系地理学、菌物多样性等。我国95%以上的菌物新种、新记录通过我刊向全世界报道。本刊报道内容还     

《菌物学报》征稿简则

<正>1刊物简介《菌物学报》(原名"真菌学报")1982年创刊,是中国科学院主管的菌物学学术期刊,报道菌物(真菌、粘菌、卵菌等)学研究领域最新成果。主要刊登菌物系统分类学、菌物分子与细胞生物学、菌物区系地理学、菌物多样性及资源开发利用、动植物病原菌物学、医学真菌学、食用和药用真菌学等方面的研究论文和综述。本刊是中国自然科学的核心期刊,也是国际菌物学界信赖的刊物,在全世界30多个国家和地区发行和交换,已被国内外权威检索系统收录,包括CA(美国"     

名刊封面

《基因组研究》 有望复活的袋狼 封面上展示的袋狼母子的温馨画面,可能只存在于约瑟夫&#183;葛里森的作品中了。袋狼曾广泛分布在大洋洲以及附近岛屿上,随着人类活动的干预,它们已经灭绝。袋狼又叫塔斯马尼亚虎,正如名字亦虎亦狼一样,人们对袋狼在动物系统分类学中的位置—直存在分歧。     

Dynamic monitoring of changes in endothelial cell-substrate adhesiveness during leukocyte adhesion by microelectrical impedance assay

Adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells in inflammation processes leads to changes of endothelial cellsubstrate adhesiveness, and understanding of such changes will provide us with important information of inflammation processes. In this study, we used a noninvasive biosensor system referred to as real-time cell electronic sensor （RT-CES） system to monitor the changes in endothelial cell-substrate adhesiveness induced by human monoblastic cell line U937 cell adhesion in a dynamic and quantitative manner. This assay, which is based on cell-substrate impedance readout, is able to monitor transient changes in cell- substrate adhesiveness as a result of U937 cell adhesion. The U937 cell adhesion to endothelial cells was induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） in a dose-dependent manner. Although the number of adherent U937 cells to the endothelial cells was verified by a standard assay, the adhesiveness of endothelial cells after addition of U937 cells was monitored by the RT-CES system. Furthermore, focal adhesion kinase protein decrease and F-actin rearrangement in endothelial cells were observed after addition of U937 cells. Our results indicated that the adhesion of U937 cells to LPS-treated endothelial cells reduced the substrate, and such infiltration of leukocytes. the cell adhesiveness to reduction might facilitate     

The structure-function relationship of MSI7, a matrix protein from pearl oyster Pinctada fucata

We previously identified a matrix protein, MSI7, from pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. According to the structural analysis, the DGD site in the N-terminal of MSI7 is crucial for its role in the shell formation. In this study, we expressed a series of recombinant MSI7 proteins, including the wild-type and several mutants directed at the DGD site, using an Escherichia coli expression system to reveal the structure-function relationship of MSI7. Furthermore, in vitro crystallization, crystallization speed assay, and circular dichroism spectrometry were carried out. Results indicated that wild-type MSI7 could induce the nucleation of aragonite and inhibit the crystallization of calcite. However, none of the mutants could induce the nucleation of aragonite, but all of them could inhibit the crystallization of calcite to some extent. And all the proteins accelerated the crystallization process. Taken together, the results indicated that MSI7 could contribute to aragonite crystallization by inducing the nucleation of aragonite and inhibiting the crystallization of calcite, which agrees with our prediction about its role in the nacreous layer formation of the shell. The DGD site was critical for the induction of the nucleation of aragonite.     

药用真菌子实体多糖SEC-HPLC图谱的相似度定量评价研究

目的:对灵芝属Ganoderma下4个种共7个菌株及灰树花Grifola frondosa和云芝Trametes versicolor共9种子实体粗多糖进行了体积排阻HPLC色谱(SEC-HPLC),并分析了相似度.方法:各样品水提物的HPLC图谱用平方欧氏距离法计算了相似度,用离差平方和法进行聚类分析.结果:灵芝属内各样品聚类距离为8,灰树花与云芝的聚类距离为16,它们与灵芝属的距离为25,说明同一灵芝属内的不同种及同种不同菌株所产生的多糖分子量分布近似度远高于来自树花菌属的灰树花或栓菌属的云芝.结论:此方法可量化描述不同多糖间SEC-HPLC的相似关系,有作为真菌多糖样品质量控制手段的潜在能力.     

脑室系统可视化研究在医学影像学教学培训中的应用

脑室系统疾病的诊断主要有赖于CT、MRI检查,掌握脑室系统的断层解剖学知识是认识正常和进行疾病诊断的基础.本文利用中国可视化人体中颅脑薄层连续断层图像,运用虚拟断层切割技术和三维重建技术,建立了脑室系统三维可视化模型.脑室系统可视化模型将断层解剖学与整体解剖相衔接,将横断、矢状与冠状位图像相结合,有助于培养学生的空间思维能力及建立脑室系统结构的三维立体概念,在临床医学影像学教学培训中取得了良好的教学效果.