核苷氢磷酸法固相合成DNA片段研究

继亚磷酰胺法之后,国外近年来又推出了用氢磷酸法合成DNA和RNA片段的方法。提出氢酸磷法比亚磷酰胺法具有更简便、高效和实用性好的特点。 我们用自己制备的氢磷酸核苷活性单体,以长链烷氨基多孔玻珠(CPG)为载体,用自     

嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌质粒的分离

从堆肥和污泥中分离到一批抗药性高温细菌,经电泳检查,发现6株高温细菌细胞中有质粒存在。其中,嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌T653的细胞DNA提取液电泳图谱上,有三条非染色体DNA条带,用电镜直接观察,证明它们是T653细胞中的三个质粒。测得两个较小质粒的分子量分别为3.6×10~6和45×10~6道尔顿。研究了嗜热脂肪芽孢杆的T653的温度生长条件与其细胞中质粒的关系。T653细胞中三个质粒的明确功能有待进一步探讨。     

人肝癌细胞表皮生长因子受体以及佛波酯对它的调度

Using radioligand binding assay, the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors in cells of two human liver cancer cell lines, BEL-7402 and SMMC-7721, was demonstrated. The ligand binding data were analyzed by a computer program. The dissociation constants (KD) of the ligand-receptor binding complex at equilibrium for 7402 and 7721 cells were 1.2 nM and 0.8 nM respectively, and their number of EGF receptors per cell were 6.2 x 10(4) and 2.5 x 10(4) respectively. After the treatment of cells with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), no change either in the affinity or in the number of EGF receptors was found in 7721 cells. However, in the case of 7402 cells, while the number of receptors, like 7721 cells, remained unchanged, the affinity of EGF receptors displayed a time dependent modulation after PMA treatment. It dropped within the first hour to a KD value of 3.0 nM and then gradually returned to the normal control value at 48 hours or even slightly higher than normal (0.95 nM) at 96 hours of treatment. The modulation or down-regulation of EGF receptors by PMA in 7402 cells was paralleled by the simultaneous inhibition of DNA synthesis in these cells as evidenced from their reduction of 3H-TdR uptake. It is not clear what is the basis for the differences found between 7402 cells and 7721 cells in their number of EGF receptors per cell and their responsiveness to PMA treatment. It might be related to their difference in autocrine secretion of alpha-transforming growth factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

一个嗜热分解纤维素的梭菌新种的分离和鉴定

本文描述了一个严格厌氧,形成芽孢,嗜热,分解纤维素、糖和蛋白质的梭菌新种。这个种的两株菌(H11,H12)是从奶牛场的青贮饲料(山草)中分离出来的。在PYC液体培养基中细胞杆状,0．3mO．6×1．5—-5．5μm,单生或成对,很少成链。革兰氏阴性,能运动,有周生鞭毛。芽孢卵至球形,端生和次端生,使细胞膨大。游离芽孢球形,有孢子外壁和附属丝。在PYC琼脂滚管中,深层菌落呈双凸镜状,湿润,浅黄色,直径1—2mm,边缘完整。生长的最适条件是50—53℃和pH 7．5。所需要的生长因子是生物素、维生素B6、B12和对氨基苯甲酸。发酵纤维素或纤维二糖产生琥珀酸、乙酸、乙醇、氢和二氧化碳。DNA的G十C含量是38.8 mol％。参考这个种在非挥发酸中的主要产物是琥珀酸的特性,将它定名为产琥珀酸梭菌(Clostridium succinogenum Ten & Wang sp.nov．)。     

嗜热栖热菌HB 8耐热α-葡萄糖苷酶的提纯和性质

嗜热栖热菌HB 8(Thermus thermophilus<.I> H8 8 )的耐热α-葡萄糖苷酶(α-glucosidaseEC．.2.1.20)经硫酸铵分步沉淀、DEAE-纤维素柱层析和垂直板制备凝胶电泳提纯,经盘状凝胶电泳鉴定为单一区带,比活提高17倍。酶作用最适温度80℃,最适pH5．8,分子量67000,等电点Pl为4.5。该酶能够水解对硝基酚α--D-葡萄糖苷(PNPG)、蔗糖和麦芽糖,但不水解纤维二糖、蜜二糖、可溶性淀粉。酶作用于PNPG的米氏常数(Km)为0.4mmol／L,最大反应速度Vmax为0.29umol·nmin-1·mg-1。金属离子Mg2+、Mn2+、Ca2+和Ba2+对酶有激活怍用,Hg2+和Cu2+有强烈抑制作用。酶表现出极好的热稳定性,在90℃保温10小时后,仍保留90％的原始酶活力,在95℃的失活半寿期(t1/2)为108分钟．经蛋白质侧链化学修饰研究表明,羧基和组氨酸残基为其表现话力所必需。     

三种快速提取植物DNA改良方法的比较

DNA是生物遗传信息的载体,快速提取高分子量、纯净的DNA是进行核苷酸序列测定、基因文库构建和遗传转化等研究的重要步骤。研究以水稻、小麦、大麦、大豆、豌豆和紫云英等为材料,比较了三种改良法提取植物DNA的效果。结果表明,三种改良后的方法不仅保留了原法的许多优点,而且方法简单,不经CsCl_2密度梯度离心能较干净地去除蛋白质及RNA,获得较纯净的、大分子的双链DNA,在不同程度上满足了各种植物提取DNA的需要。