用人胚肺二倍体细胞株分离一株甲型肝炎病毒

自甲型肝炎患者粪便中分离到一株甲型肝炎病毒(TZ-84)。病毒不产生细胞病变,胞浆中有颗粒性荧光。细胞中的病毒抗原能被抗甲肝病毒抗体阳性血清所中和。 TZ-84株病毒耐酸,耐乙醚。免疫电镜见有大量直径27～30mm的甲肝病毒颗粒,以空心为主。将其接种细胞后的黑暗期随传代而缩短,病毒滴度则随传代而增加。将细胞粉碎后获得的病毒。ELISA滴度为1:16。用其检测45份人血清中抗HAV-IgM抗体,并与Abbott ELISA药盒比较,符合率为91.1％,敏感度为87.1％。     

用激光共聚焦显微术检测哺乳动物卵母细胞中纺锤体相关蛋白的方法(英)

哺乳动物卵母细胞是发育生物学和细胞生物学的重要研究对象.激光共聚焦显微术是检测卵母细胞中纺锤体相关蛋白的有用技术,但是针对哺乳动物卵母细胞的特点需要做许多调整以得到理想结果.其中,卵母细胞的准备、固定、透膜、脂类抽提、抗体孵育步骤十分关键.另外,不同物种的卵母细胞也有差异,在进行激光共聚焦研究时需要做出相应的调整.     

细胞周期素D在培养的新生大鼠心肌细胞中的表达

目的探索一种快速分离和培养新生大鼠心肌细胞的方法,研究心肌细胞中细胞周期素D表达的变化规律.方法心肌细胞分离、纯化及培养后用倒置显微镜观察其形态变化,免疫细胞化学染色及图像分析方法检测培养第1～21天新生大鼠心室肌细胞周期素D的表达.结果心肌细胞核内细胞周期素D表达量逐渐下降,第2天与第1天比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05),从第3天开始差异有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论新生大鼠心肌细胞出生后早期体外培养的前3天有一定增殖能力,但以后呈下降趋势.     

A Start Point for Extracellular Nucleotide Signaling

A START POINT FOR EXTRACELLULAR NUCLEOTIDE SIGNALING
The recent discovery of a plant receptor for extracellu- lar nucleotides, reported by Choi et al. （2014）, is a major breakthrough that had been anticipated for over a dec- ade. Plants release ATP into their extracellular matrix （ECM） during growth and when they are induced by vari- ous biotic and abiotic stimuli （Clark and Roux, 2011）. That these extracellular nucleotides would activate receptors in plants was predicted by two sets of discoveries： that low- and sub-micromolar ATP could induce increases in [Ca2＋]cyt, NO, and superoxide signaling intermediates that led to downstream growth, stomatal, and defense responses, and that these changes could be blocked by antagonists that blocked extracellular nucleotide receptors in animals （Demidchik et al., 2003; Song et al., 2006; Clark et al., 2011; Demidchik et al., 2009, 2011）. Although mammalian biolo- gists had discovered two classes of receptors for extracel- lular nucleotides （P2X and P2Y） decades ago （Burnstock, 2007）, there were no plant proteins obviously similar to these in any sequence data available. Clearly, if there were plant purinoceptors, they would be different from the mammalian receptors, and they could not be discovered by motif searches.     

植物细胞培养生产重组蛋白

用植物细胞培养生产重组蛋白,集合了微生物发酵的快速性、动物细胞培养产物的多样性和完整植株培养系统的安全性,近年来引起了广泛的关注。虽然还未有用植物细胞培养来进行重组蛋白的商业生产,但是它的生产原则较规范,下游处理过程较简单,具有潜在商业生产的可行性。     

黄连细胞培养物中小檗碱的分离与鉴定

用黄连幼叶切块,接种在含1．0～2．0mg／L 2,4-D和0．1mg／LKT的6．7-v固体培养基上,诱导形成愈伤组织。选择较松散的愈伤组织转入液体悬浮培养,获得游离细胞和细胞聚集体。通过平板培养和细胞株的筛选．选择小檗碱含量较高的细胞株。经35次转代培养后,进行固体、液体培养。收集悬浮培养细胞进行化学提取和分离,获得黄色晶体,经TLc、UV、IR、MS鉴定分析为小檗碱,与天然植物提取分离的小檗碱具有相同的生理活性。     

Epigenetic regulation of genes during development： A conserved theme from flies to mammals

Eukaryotic genome is organized in form of chromatin within the nucleus. This organization is important for compaction of DNA as well as for the proper expression of the genes. During early embryonic development, genomic packaging receives variety of signals to eventually set up cell type specific expression patterns of genes. This process of regulated chromatinization leads to "cell type specific epigenomes". The expression states attained during differentiation process need to be maintained subsequently throughout the life of the organism. Epigenetie modifications are responsible for chromatin dependent regulatory mechanism and play a key role in maintenance of the expression state-a process referred to as cellular memory. Another key feature in the packaging of the genome is formation of chro- matin domains that are thought to be structural as well as functional units of the higher order chromatin organization. Boundary elements that function to define such domains set the limits of regulatory elements and that of epigenetie modifications. This connection of epige- netic modification, chromatin structure and genome organization has emerged from several studies. Hox genes are among the best studied in this context and have led to the significant understanding of the epigenetic regulation during development. Here we discuss the evolu- tionarily conserved features of epigenetic mechanisms emerged from studies on homeotic gene clusters.     

哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术的研究进展

哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术在动物育种及珍稀动物保护领域具有极其广阔的应用前景,但极低的成功率限制了这项技术的应用.相关学者从不同方面进行了研究,试图提高体细胞克隆技术的成功率.综述了近年来哺乳动物体细胞克隆技术的研究进展,为其相关研究提供必要的参考.     

鼓槌石斛中化学成分对K562肿瘤细胞株生长抑制作用体外试验

体外培养肿瘤细胞株实验结果表明:鼓槌石斛中联苄类化合物毛兰素(erianin)、鼓槌石斛素(chrysotoxine)、鼓槌菲(chrysotobibenzyl)及菲类化合物毛兰菲(con-fusarin)对肿瘤细胞株K_(562)的生长具有不同的抑制作用,其细胞增殖抑制率50％的药物浓度(IC_(50))分别为0.0065,5.43,0.32,46.15μg/ml。