侏罗纪中蜉属和珠蜉属蜉蝣昆虫化石研究的新进展

长期以来,我国昆虫化石研究者所确认,并为众多地层古生物工作者所引用,作为地层对比和确定地质时代的两种侏罗系蜉蝣幼虫化石:西伯利亚中蜉(MesobaetissibiricaBrauer,RedtenbacheretGanglbauer,1889)和古珠蜉(MesonetaantiquaBrauer,RedtenbacheretGanglbauer,1889)在我国境内并不存在。迄今为止,这两个种仅局限于俄罗斯西伯利亚下侏罗统。此前,被我国昆虫化石研究者分别归入中蜉属(MesobaetisBrauer,RedtenbacheretGanglbauer,1889)和珠蜉属(MesonetaBrauer,RedtenbacheretGanglbauer,1889)的所有种类,其科级和属级分类位置有误。它们包括:西伯利亚中蜉,三间房中蜉(MesobaetissanjianfangensisHong,LiangetHu,1995),黑斑中蜉(MesobaetismaculataHong,LiangetHu,1995),古珠蜉和北票珠蜉(MesonetabeipiaoensisWang,1980)。道虎沟组、海房沟组、九龙山组和三间房组的水生蜉蝣组合完全不同,彼此不能对比。我国侏罗系—下白垩统蜉蝣幼虫全部是湖相,为原地埋藏,而非河流相,异地埋藏类型。     

林火干扰下的树木生理及主要影响因素

随着全球逐渐暖干化,林火不仅驱动着森林生态系统结构和功能的变化,同时也影响树木的生理和生长。林火导致的热损伤引发树木一系列复杂生理响应。揭示火后树木生理的响应机制,对于进一步理解树木碳水关系和火后恢复生长限制,以及提高火后树木死亡预测准确性具有重要指导意义。该文从林火对树木的作用途径和方式着手,基于不同形式林火(树冠火、地表火、地下火)对树木各部分(树冠、树干、根系)造成的损伤,综述了林火对树木生理的直接影响和间接影响,以及火后树木生理与非生物和生物因素的互作关系。热损伤诱导的形成层、韧皮部坏死和木质部水力失衡是火后树木生理的主要响应机制,二者导致的两个生理功能限制——“碳饥饿”和水力失效——严重影响树木的碳水关系,也决定了火后树木是恢复生长还是延迟死亡。火后树木生理机制还与干旱、昆虫攻击和微生物入侵等其他因素密切相关。该文强调了对林火强度的定量分析和对植物组织死亡阈值的准确判断的迫切性,同时提出了探究火后树木生理与功能性状和其他因素的互作关系的必要性。精确评估树木生理机制间关系对于深入理解林火如何影响树木功能完整性极为关键,有助于完善林火风险评估和树木死亡模型预测。在未来气候暖干化驱...     

蜻蜓目昆虫资源价值

从内禀价值、生态价值、经济价值和社会价值四个层次,总结和探讨了蜻蜓目昆虫资源价值.蜻蜓目昆虫是古老而进化成功的昆虫,遗传资源丰富,是生态系统中不可或缺的消费者,也是优良的生态环境指示生物,适用于对水陆环境的评价;作为食用昆虫优质原料、中医动物药原材料、天敌昆虫生防资源和未来科技仿生对象,可为人类创造较好的经济价值;还与...     

昆虫与植物关系的研究进展和前景

本文综述昆虫与植物之间关系的研究概况，包括历史渊源、昆虫选择寄主植物的生理机制，植物对虫害的反应、用抗虫基因在作物中移植以防治害虫和展望。着重叙述昆虫神经中枢对于植物理化特性所产生的感觉内导的综合作用，植物蒙受虫害后的补偿作用及由此诱导所产生的化学防御作用。讨论了以抗虫基因移植于农林作物来防治害虫是否会引起昆虫对这种新育成的植物产生适应或抗性。昆虫与植物之间的关系是一个重要的科研领域，对其发展前景     

中国双尾蚜属种类记述(同翅目:蚜科)

１９９２－１９９７年,对双尾蚜属Ｄｉｕｒａｐｈｉｓ Ａｉｚｅｎｂｅｒｇ种类进行调查,共发现７种,其中１新种,害冰麦双尾蚜Ｄ．ｎｏｃｉｖａ Ｚａｈｇｎ ｅｔ Ｌｉａｎｇ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．新种的鉴别特征是：具上尾片,其长度仅仅为尾片的０１．８。中国３新纪录种：雀麦蚜Ｄ．（Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ）ｂｒｏｍｉｃｏｌａ Ｈｉｌｌｅ Ｒｉｓ Ｌａｍｂｅｒｓ,西方麦蚜Ｄ．（Ｈｏｌｃａｐｈｉｓ）ｆｒｅｑｙｕｅｎｓ（Ｗａ     

Human μ—opioid receptor overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous Gi／0 proteins

Human mu-opioid receptor (HmuOR) with a tag of six consecutive histidines at its carboxyl terminus had been expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells. The maximal binding capacity for the [3H] diprenorphine and [3H]ohmefentanyl (Ohm) were 9.1 +/- 0.7 and 6.52 +/- 0.23 nmol/g protein, respectively. The [3H] diprenorphine or [3H] Ohm binding to the receptor expressed in Sf9 cells was strongly inhibited by mu-selective agonists [D-Ala2, N-methyl-Phe4, glyol5]enkephalin (DAGO), Ohm, and morphine, but neither by delta nor by kappa selective agonist. Na+ (100 mM) and GTP (50 microM) could reduce HmuOR agonists etorphine and Ohm affinity binding to the overexpressed HmuOR. mu-selective agonists DAGO and Ohm effectively stimulated [35S]GTP-gammaS binding (EC50 = 2.7 nM and 6.9 nM) and inhibited forskolin- stimulated cAMP accumulation (IC50 = 0.9 nM and 0.3 nM). The agonist-dependent effects could be blocked by opioid antagonist naloxone or by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin (PTX). These results demonstrated that HmuOR overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous G(i/o) proteins.     

鼠白细胞介素12（mIL—12）在昆虫细胞中的表达

Since human IL-12 is species-specific in its functions and elicits little biological responses from mouse lymphocytes, it is necessary to express recombinant murine IL-12 for the usage in studying the effects of this cytokine in various rodent models. Thereby, we can investigate the role of IL-12 in immune response in vivo and evaluate its potential clinical utility. Thus, we firstly constructed two expression vectors, pVL1393-mp40 and pVL1393-mp35. They were used to co-transfect the insect cells(Sf9) separately with linearized polyhedrosis virus genomic DNA. Two kinds of recombinant viruses AcNPV-mp40 and AcNPV-mp35 were visually screened out, and mp40 and mp35 were co-expressed in the insect cells co-infected by AcNPV-mp40 and AcNPV-mp35. The results of real-time Biomolecular Interaction Analysis (BIA) and Northern blot demonstrated that the recombinant mIL-12 was expressed successfully in the insect cells. The molecular weights of recombinant mp40 and mp35 were 40 KDa and 22 KDa on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, respectively. The apparent molecular weight of recombinant mIL-12 is 80 KDa under non-reducing conditions of Western blot. Biological activity of the recombinant product was detected in conditional medium using antibody-capture bioassay. The expression level of recombinant mIL-12 was about 10-15 micrograms/10(6) cells, as compared with the calibration curve of mIL-12.     

昆虫幼虫储存蛋白

本文对昆虫幼虫血淋巴内一种特殊性质的蛋白－幼虫储存蛋白的命名、生化特性、合成部位、生理作用和体内脂肪体合成、贮存和利用的调节机制等方法的研究进展进行了综述。     

开发昆虫新资源──浅谈白蚁的搜集

昆虫资源开发是近几年来研究的一项新课题,昆虫学家充分肯定了部分昆虫体内含有多种营养物质,并应加以开发。目前,对昆虫资源开发的文章时有发表,但对昆虫资源搜集方面的情况从未见过报道,现将如何搜集白蚁和进行初步加工的方法整理如下。1家白蚁Coptotermesspp．的搜集白蚁是社会性昆虫,行动诡秘,破坏性惊人,特别是家白蚁对建筑物的破坏更大,一旦发现家白蚁,往往会造成人心惶惶,令人深恶痛绝。家白蚁习惯将蚁巢建于大树底部和土木交接处,质地结实,这为家白蚁搜集提供了定位巢穴的线索。家白蚁蚁巢一经发现,迅速将蚁巢连同白…