Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

广西种子植物小资料

几年来,我所在中草药资源调查工作中,发现一些我国及广西未曾记录过的植物,现整理成文,以供有关部门参考。本文引用的标本均收藏在广西中医药研究所植物标本室(GXMI)。 山椒子水番挑(博白)番落技科Annonaceae Uvar花a grandiflora Roxb.in FI.Ind.2:665.1524;李秉滔,植物分类学报14(1):98.2976,蒋英,李秉滔,中国植物志30(2):26,图版10. 1979。 广西东南部:博白县,浪平公社,水库边1971年5月9日,王鉴均2247外北流县,隆盛公社,天堂,坡地疏林中,1977年9月26日北流调查队8一44口7。 分布:广东南部,广西东南部;印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马来…     

黄山北草核的核型和G带带型研究

本文研究了北草晰的核型和G带带型,结果表明,北草蝴的染色体数2。二38,由18对常染色休和 1对性染色休组成．常染色体可分成三组：1组有2对染色体;11组包括15对染色体;而川组仅含 1对微小染色体。性染色体为ZW型．这个种的染色体均为端部着丝粒,其AN二38包括1对Z染色 体）,从核型特征上看,可能是晰蝎类中较原始的种。从G带显示结果可见,北草晰的各染色体对均有 其特有的带型,容易辨别。     

红豆草组织培养物的超低温保存及其超微结构的观察

红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)组织培养物在5%DMSO+10%甘油+8%蔗糖的冰冻保护剂及以1℃/分钟的速度降温到-35—-40℃,停留2小时后,投入液氮,40℃水浴快速化冻等条件下,存活率达60—70%,并保持了高的分化能力。电子显微镜的观察结果表明,快速冰冻和1℃/分钟慢速冰冻至-35℃—40℃不停留,对细胞结构造成严重的致死性破坏;-35℃停留30分钟对细胞结构的损伤是可逆性的;停留2小时的其超微结构基本上与对照材料无明显差别。     

拟毛突摇蚊属二新种及一新纪录种记述(双翅目:摇蚊科)

拟毛突摇蚊属Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu 1918隶属于直突摇蚊亚科Ortho-cladinae,迄今全世界已知十余种。Hirvenoja(1973)对本属进行了整理。本文的记载为此属在我国的首次记录。 属征:复眼小眼面间密生细毛,触角比(AR)通常大于1;翅无大毛,腋瓣是多数缘毛;肩陷中等大小,背中鬃多数;无肛尖,抱器基节具一明显的上内突。 本文记述了采自吉林、四川省的2个新种和1个新纪录种。模式标本存南开大学生物学系。     

草蛉科纳草蛉属研究（Ⅱ）—六新种记述（脉翅目：草蛉科）

本文是纳草蛉属Navasius研究续报(研究Ⅰ见“动物分类学报”第15卷第3期)。报道了纳草蛉属6新种:跃纳草蛉N.igneus sp.nov.,冠纳草蛉N.lophophorus sp.nov.,黑角纳草蛉N.nigricornutus sp.nov.显沟纳草蛉N.phantosulcus sp.nov.康纳草蛉N.sanus sp.nov.及三齿纳草蛉N.tridentatus sp.nov.。     

金雀花碱的植物生长调节活性

应用植物激素生物试法测定了金雀花碱（cytisine)的某些植物生长调节活性,实验结果表明：金雀花碱抑制小麦芽鞘切段的伸长,但促进黑暗中（26℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶鲜重的增加;能明显促进黑暗中（25℃）培养的离体黄瓜子叶的生根作用和根的生长。能显著提高离体黄瓜子叶中吲哚乙酸氧化酶的活性,这些现象说明,金雀花碱具有明显的植物生长调节活性。     

刺吸式口器昆虫吸食量测定

<正> 就咀嚼式口器昆虫取食研究,由于其取食行为较为直观,经常采用称重法,直接测定昆虫某一龄期或整个一生的取食量。但刺吸式口器的昆虫,其取食对象是寄主的汁液,而且取食行为较为复杂,加上对昆虫人工饲料筛选的难度,尽管许多学者采用了许多方法,但还不能精确测定其吸食量。本文就刺吸式口器昆虫吸食量的研究方法作一概述。     

进口原木中截获的刺角沟额天牛的研究

<正> 刺角沟额天牛Hoplocerambyx spinicornis(Newman)是多次在海口口岸从马来西亚进口的梢原木中截获的1种我国尚未发现有分布的危险性林木害虫。在印度它被列为“最危险的森林害虫”。与我毗邻各国大多有此虫分布,日本在进口原木中也将该虫传入本土。为此,各口岸动植物检疫所对从东洋区进口的木材应重视该虫的检疫。我们从1985～1990年对该虫的成、幼虫形态特征、寄主植物、为害情况等进行了研究,并用检疫中截获的初龄幼虫