思小公路附属绿地建设景观植物资源研究

根据对思小公路沿线两边各100m宽的区域进行的调查,得知该地区维管植物有885种,隶属于105个科、403个属,分布于8个植被类型、11个亚类型、16个群系中。其中可用作思小公路附属绿地建设的景观植物有68个科、124个属、200种,根据园林用途将其划分为7类,并重点推荐90种植物作为思小公路附属绿地建设植物。同时,对本公路附属绿地建设提出了一些建议。     

空心莲子草地下茎克隆繁殖特征

空心莲子草是一种原产于南美洲的苋科多年生草本植物,目前在许多地方已经成为一种危害十分严重的外来入侵植物。通过地下茎等营养器官进行无性繁殖是其主要繁殖方式。本文以空心莲子草的地下茎为实验材料,对其克隆繁殖特征进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)地下茎的节是克隆繁殖的必要条件,节的有无决定克隆繁殖是否发生;(2)地下茎可以通过控制单位节上的出芽率来调节其克隆生长过程,从而使克隆繁殖结果更有利于整个种群的生长;(3)地下茎的粗细程度对其克隆繁殖也有显著影响。空心莲子草地下茎的单位节数与其单位节出芽率、无性系小株的高度和地上部分的节数之间存在密切联系。     

猪干扰素-α基因的克隆及其植物表达载体的构建

目的:克隆与分析猪干扰素-α(INF-α)基因,构建猪干扰素基因的高效植物表达载体。方法:根据NCBI中DQ248997序列设计引物,以猪的总DNA为模板,PCR扩增出猪的INF-α基因,克隆至pBS-T载体后进行序列分析,构建猪干扰素基因的植物表达载体。结果:实验所克隆序列经Blastn比对,98%的核酸序列相同,98%的蛋白质序列相同,3个非功能性氨基酸与基因库中序列不一致,推测为猪INF-α的一个亚型。构建的2个植物表达载体经BamHⅠ/SacⅠ限制性内切酶消化,均可得到570bp的目的基因。结论:成功克隆了猪的INF-α基因,并构建出含猪INF-α基因的高效植物表达载体pBI121/INF和pCAMBIA1301/INF。     

重组人BMP-2在烟草不同组织中的表达

骨形态发生蛋白（BMPs）是一类调节骨组织发育的生长因子。BMP-2是BMP家族中诱骨活性最强的。在骨组织工程研究和临床应用中需要大量的BMP-2。因此,研究出一种能够有效地大量生产BMP-2的方法是十分必要的。随着植物分子生物学的进展,转基因植物被用作一种生物反应器来生产目的蛋白。以gus作为报告基因,研究了重组人bmp-2基因在烟草中的表达。通过GUS活性检测、半定量PCR和Western blotting分析了根、茎、叶组织中基因表达的水平,结果显示融合蛋白在根和茎组织中表达量显著高于叶组织。由于根和茎组织中蛋白组成与叶组织相比相对简单,提示其更易于进行目的蛋白的纯化。     

Positive Interactions： Crucial Organizers in a Plant Community

For more than a century, ecologists have concentrated on competition as a crucial process for community organization. However, more recent experimental investigations have uncovered the striking Influence of positive Interactions on the organization of plant communities. Complex combinations of competition and positive interactions operating simultaneously among plant species seem to be widespread In nature. In the present paper, we reviewed the mechanism and ecological importance of positive Interactions In plant communities, emphasizing the certainties and uncertainties that have made It an attractive area of research. Positive Interactions, or facilitation, occur when one species enhances the survival, growth, or richness of another. The Importance of facilitation in plant organization increases with ablotlc stress and the relative Importance of competition decreases. Only by combining plant interactions and the many fields of biology can we fully understand how and when the positive Interactions occur.     

Leaf Epidermal Cells： A Trap for Lipophilic Xenobiotics

Plant surfaces are covered by a layer of cuticle, which functions as a natural barrier to protect plants from mechanical damage, desiccation, and microbial invasion. Results presented in this report show that the epicuticular wax and the cuticle of plant leaves also play an important role in resisting xenobiotic invasion. Although the epicuticular wax is impermeable to hydrophilic xenobiotics, the cuticle not only restricts the penetration of hydrophilic compounds into leaf cells, but also traps lipophilic ones. The role of the epidermal cells of plant leaves in resisting xenobiotic invasion has been neglected until now. The present study shows, for the first time, that the epidermal cells may reduce or retard the transport of lipophilic xenobiotics into the internal tissues through vacuolar sequestration. Although the guard cells appear to be an easy point of entry for xenobiotics, only a very small proportion of xenobiotics present on the leaf surface actually moves into leaf tissues via the guard cells .     

转基因(Cry1Ac)抗虫棉对土壤微生物的影响

对不同种植年限的转基因(Cry1Ac)抗虫棉田土壤中主要微生物数量变化进行了测定,结果表明：（1）种植转基因抗虫棉后对土壤微生物细菌、放线菌和真菌数量的影响趋势基本相似;（2）种植抗虫棉1年后,土壤中细菌、放线菌、真菌数量将有所增加,连续4年达到高峰,然后数量开始下降,连续种植7年后,棉田微生物数量接近于种植1年的棉田;（3）种植1年后又种植非转基因棉花的棉田,土壤微生物数量低于种植1年抗虫棉的棉田,与种植非转基因棉的数量无明显差异。由此可见,种植转基因抗虫棉对土壤微生物数量有一定的影响。     

ISSR Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of the Endangered Species Sinopodophyllum hexandrum （Royle） Ying from Western Sichuan Province, China

Slnopodophyllum hexandrum （Royle） Ying Is an Important medicinal and endangered species. Inter-simple sequence repeats （ISSR） analysis was conducted on seven natural populations from western Slchuan Province to Investigate the genetic diversity of S. hexandrum. Leaf samples of 140 Individuals were collected. Of the 139 discernible fragments generated by 12 selected primers （among 100 primers）, 54 appeared to be polymorphlc. The percentage of polymorphlc bands （PPB） was 38.85% at the species level, and PPB within a population ranged from 7.91% to 23.74%. Low levels of genetic variation （He = 0.092, Ho = 0.142） and high levels of genetic differentiation among the populations （Gst= 62.25%） was detected on the basis of results from POPGENE and analysis of molecular variance （AMOVA）, respectively. Furthermore, the limited gene flow （Nm = 0.361） may result from biological characteristics, such as self-pollination and short distance seed dispersal. Based on the genetic and ecological Information available for S. hexandrum, we propose some appropriate strategies for the conservation of the endangered medicinal species in this region, namely rescuing and conserving the core populations for in situ conservation and sampling and preserving more populations with fewer Individuals from each population for ex situ conservation.     

A Cytotoxic Neolignan from Schisandra propinqua （Wall.） Baill.

In the course of our study of bioactive natural products from Schisandra plants, we isolated a neolignan from an EtOAc extract of the stems of Schisandra propinqua （Wall.） Baill. The structure of the new com- pound was determined to be 4, 4-di （4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenly）-2, 3-dimethylbutanol （compound 1） on the basis of 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra and 2D NMR methods. Eight known compounds, compounds 2-9, were also isolated and identified, of which compounds 3, 4, 6 and 9 were isolated for the first time from this plant. In addition, compounds 1-4 were evaluated for cytotoxicity by an 3-（4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl）-2,5-diphenyl-2H- tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. Compound 1 showed significant potential cytotoxic ability in the bioassay.