安徽大别山粒毛盘菌初探

大别山区森林植物极其丰富多样,区内气候温暖湿润,为粒毛盘菌等腐生真菌生长提供了丰富的基物和适宜的气候条件.对该地区粒毛盘菌等相关类群资源进行了研究,报道了粒毛盘菌属7个分类单元,包括Lachnum ciliare,L. nudipes,L.pudibundum,L.ptgmnaeum,L.subpygmaeum,L.sichuanense和L.virgineum,利用物种描述式表明了种的主要特征,并对其中部分种进行了形态学方面的讨论.     

Molecular Evidence for the Hybrid Origin of Bauhinia blakeana （Caesalpinioideae）

Bauhinia blakeana Dunn is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region emblem and a popular horticultural species in many Asian countries. It was first described as a new species from Hong Kong almost a century ago. This plant is sterile and has long been considered a hybrid, possibly from two related species, B. purpurea and B. variegata. However, not much evidence based on molecular methods was available to support this hypothesis. In this study, sequences of internal transcribed spacer I （ITS1）, rbcL and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer for five Bauhinia species and two varieties of one of the species were determined and compared. There were two types of ITS1 sequences in B. blakeana, one indistinguishable from that of B. purpurea and the other one identical to that of B. variegata. This confirmed that B. blakeana was a hybrid of these two species. Chloroplast atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer sequence of B. blakeana was identical to that of B. purpurea, indicating that B. purpurea was the female parent. The hybridization event seemed to occur only recently and was a rare incident. Its occurrence was likely facilitated by interspecific pollen competition. It appeared that human efforts played a crucial role in the preservation and ubiquity of B. blakeana.     

王晓东：科研路上的朝圣者

2007年10月的一个周末,北京大学新生物楼邓佑才报告厅传出此起彼伏的笑声。此时的这里有一场讲座,主题为"展望事业,探讨人生"主讲人王晓东。     

"中心法则"的模拟游戏

以高中生物学教材中遗传学部分"中心法则"的知识内容为载体,设计模拟游戏并将其引入课堂.将教学内容与模拟游戏融合,让学生通过模拟游戏学习、复习巩固知识.通过在文科班及理科班的实际教学操作.使此种教学方法的实际意义得到进一步的验证,通过游戏可以创设相关的环境,学生可以亲身体验、自主思考、自行归纳总结,从而从根本上领悟所学内容的内涵.     

“微生物的利用”的教学构思

选修1“生物技术实践”模块均为实验内容．“微生物的利用”是其中的一个教学单元,本单元包含3个微生物实验。按照新课标对本模块的要求,实验涉及的基础知识主要通过学生自学来完成,教师的任务主要是指导学生进行实验设计、完成实验、收集整理数据、写出报告和讨论交流。实验课是发展学生科学探究能力的良好载体。在“微生物的利用”教学单元中,就如何培养学生实验技能,充分发展学生的科学探究能力谈谈自己的教学构思。     

高中生物学新课程标准教学研讨"生态环境的保护"的教学构思

在普通高中<生物课程标准>的内容标准中,"生态环境的保护"是必修部分中"稳态与环境"模块的第6个一级主题.人类的生存和发展,需要良好的生态环境和可供持续利用的自然资源.     

芦丁-锗配合物及其自由基清除活性研究

芦丁是存在于多种植物中的天然多羟基黄酮苷,能与多种金属离子形成配合物。本文采用紫外分光度法考察了芦丁与锗离子的配位作用,并研究了芦丁-锗配合物清除超氧自由基和DPPH自由基的作用。结果显示在KH2PO4-NaOH(pH6．70)的缓冲液中,芦丁与锗离子能形成1：1的配合物,其K稳=10^7.46,同时配合物显示有较好的自由基清除活性。     

前列腺治疗仪加增效药物垫治疗慢性前列腺炎68例

本文介绍了利用温热、红外线、磁场的一种新型QLX—I型前列腺治疗仪加增效中西药物垫治疗慢性前列腺炎68例,疗效较佳,显效率以上为57．35％。本治疗仪操作简单、易于掌握、安全可靠、无副作用,给前列腺炎患者增添了新的治疗手段。     

Glycosides from Roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan

Abstract: To search for new and bioactive compounds from traditional Chinese medicines, a new glycoside, 3-O-[α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-( n -butyl-β- D -glucopyranosiduronate)]-28-O-β- D -glucopyranosyloleanolic acid ( 1 ), was isolated from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan, along with 3-O-(methyl-β- D -glucopyranosiduronate)-28-O-β- D -glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 2 ), 3-O-β- D -glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 3 ), 3-O-β- D -glucuronopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 4 ), 3-O-[β- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-(β- D -glucuronopyranosyl)] oleanolic acid ( 5 ), 3-O-(β- D -glucuronopyranosyl)-28-O-β- D -glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 6 ), 28-O-β- D -glucuronopyranosyl-(1→4)-β- D -glucopyranosyl hederagenin ( 7 ), 3-O-[β- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- D -glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β- D -glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 8 ), and 3-O-[β- D -glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α- L -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β- D -glucuronopyranosyl]-28-O-β- D -glucopyranosyl oleanolic acid ( 9 ). The structures of these compounds were determined based on spectral and chemical evidence. The 50 per cent growth-inhibiting (GI₅₀) of compounds 1 and 5 against MDA-MB-231 (a human breast cancer cell line) was 3.44 × 10^-4 and 4.66 × 10^-4 mol/L, respectively.
(Managing editor: Wei WANG)     

水母雪莲细胞培养物调血脂作用的初步研究

为研究水母雪莲细胞培养物对高脂大鼠的调血脂作用,将雄性SD大鼠分为4组：正常对照组(A组)、高脂模型组(B组)、高剂量组(C组)和低剂量组(D组)。A组喂基础饲料,B组喂高脂饲料,C组喂高脂饲料的同时饲以大剂量水母雪莲细胞培养物,D组喂高脂饲料的同时饲以小剂量水母雪莲细胞培养物。给药1/d,3周后采血,测定血脂水平及肝肾功能。C组较B组各项血脂指标均有改善,各组间肝肾功能未见显性差异。初步研究表明,水母雪莲细胞培养物对高脂大鼠具有调血脂的作用。本实验用药剂量安全。