光信号转导因子HY5调控拟南芥分枝的功能研究

光是影响植物分枝的重要外在环境因素,但光信号因子HY5（ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5）是否调控植物分枝目前尚不清楚。创制了HY5转基因超表达植株,并获得商业化T-DNA插入突变体纯合植株。通过比较野生型（WT）、超表达植株（HY5-OE）、突变体（hy5-215）的分枝数目发现,与野生型相比,超表达植株分枝数目显著增加,而突变体分枝数目则显著减少。进一步比较这些遗传材料的拟南芥植株分枝的负调控关键因子BRC1（BRANCHED1）转录本水平差异,发现与野生型相比,超表达植株中BRC1转录本显著下调、突变体中显著上调。研究结果表明,HY5通过抑制拟南芥分枝关键负调控因子BRC1的转录水平,进而促进拟南芥的分枝。研究结果为阐明HY5调控分枝的生物学功能提供了一定的理论依据。     

Oxylipin Pathway in Rice and Arabidopsis

Plants have evolved complex signaling pathways to coordinate responses to developmental and environmental Information. The oxylipin pathway Is one pivotal lipid-based signaling network, composed of several competing branch pathways, that determines the plant＇s ability to adapt to various stimuli. Activation of the oxyllpln pathway Induces the de novo synthesis of biologically active metabolltes called ＂oxyllplns＂. The relative levels of these metabolltes are a distinct indicator of each plant species and determine the ability of plants to adapt to different stimuli. The two major branches of the oxyllpln pathway, allene oxide synthase （AOS） and hydroperoxlde lyase （HPL） are responsible for production of the signaling compounds, jasmonates and aldehydes respectively. Here, we compare and contrast the regulation of AOS and HPL branch pathways In rice and Arabidopsis as model monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous systems. These analyses provide new Insights Into the evolution of JAs and aldehydes signaling pathways, and the complex network of processes responsible for stress adaptations In monocots and dicots.     

Phototropins and Their LOV Domains：Versatile Plant Blue-Light Receptors

The phototropins phot1 and phot2 are plant blue-light receptors that mediate phototropism, chloroplast movements, stomatal opening, leaf expansion, the rapid Inhibition of hypocotyl growth in etiolated seedlings, and possibly solar tracking by leaves in those species in which It occurs. The phototroplns are plasma membrane-associated hydrophilic proteins with two chromophore domains （designated LOV1 and LOV2 for their resemblance to domains In other signaling proteins that detect light, oxygen, or voltage） in their Nterminal half and a classic serine/threonlne kinase domain in their C-terminal half. Both chromophore domains bind flavin mononucleotide （FMN） and both undergo light-activated formation of a covalent bond between a nearby cystelne and the C（4a） carbon of the FMN to form the signaling state. LOV2-cystelnyl adduct formation leads to the release downstream of a tightly bound amphlpathlc α-helix, a step required for activation of the klnase function. This cysteinyl adduct then slowly decays over a matter of seconds or minutes to return the photoreceptor chromophore modules to their ground state. Functional LOV2 is required for light-activated phosphorylation and for various blue-light responses mediated by the phototroplns. The function of LOV1 is still unknown, although It may serve to modulate the signal generated by LOV2. The LOV domain Is an ancient chromophore module found In a wide range of otherwise unrelated proteins In fungi and prokaryotes, the latter Including cyanobacterla, eubacterla, and archaea. Further general reviews on the phototropins are those by Celaya and Liscum （2005） and Christie and Briggs （2005）.     

Changes of Photosystem Ⅱ Electron Transport in the ChlorophyⅡ-deficient Oilseed Rape Mutant Studied by ChlorophyⅡ Fluorescence and Thermoluminescence

The photosystem Ⅱ （PSII） complex of photosynthetic membranes comprises a number of chlorophyll-binding proteins that are important to the electron flow. Here we report that the chlorophyll b-deficient mutant has decreased the amount of light-harvesting complexes with an increased amount of some core polypeptldes of PSII, including CP43 and CP47. By means of chlorophyll fluorescence and thermolumlnescence, we found that the ratio of Fv/Fm, qP and electron transport rate in the chlorophyll b-deficient mutant was higher compared to the wild type. In the chlorophyll lPdeflclent mutant, the decay of the primary electron acceptor quinones （QA-） reoxidation was decreased, measured by the fluorescence. Furthermore, the thermoluminescence studies in the chlorophyll bdeficient mutant showed that the B band （S2/S3QB-） decreased slightly and shifted up towards higher temperatures. In the presence of dlchlorophenyl-dlmethylurea, which is inhibited in the electron flow to the second electron acceptor quinines （QB） at the PSll acceptor side, the maximum of the Q band （S2QA-） was decreased slightly and shifted down to lower temperatures, compared to the wild type. Thus, the electron flow within PSll of the chlorophyⅡ b-deficient mutant was down-regulated and characterized by faster oxidation of the primary electron acceptor quinine QA-via forward electron flow and slower reduction of the oxidation S states.     

不同光质对毛脉酸模中蒽醌类成分的影响

通过红色、黄色、绿色、蓝色滤光膜对毛脉酸模进行遮膜处理。采用高效液相色谱法对毛脉酸模根样品中的蒽醌类成分含量进行测定,研究光质对毛脉酸模根次生代谢产物蒽醌类成分的影响。进行了方差分析。二年生黄膜处理中蒽醌类成分含量显著性高于处理组及空白组。一年生空白组及对照组中蒽醌类成分含量显著性高于处理组。结果表明黄膜处理显著提高二年生毛脉酸模中中蒽醌类成分含量。     

显脉金花茶的光合生理特性研究

采用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统(Li-Cor Inc., USA)对显脉金花茶光合特性进行研究。结果表明：(1)在夏季,显脉金花茶叶片的P_n日变化呈单峰曲线,最高峰出现在中午11：00。其最大净光合速率（P_max）为3.81 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、光饱和点（LSP）为459.9 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、光补偿点（LCP）为6.9 μmol·m^-2·s^-1。显脉金花茶的光饱和点和光补偿点都比较低,表明其是一种阴生植物。（2）在控制光照强度和温度的条件下,CO₂浓度小于800 μmol·mol^-1,P_n几乎呈直线上升,升高CO₂浓度可使显脉金花茶的净高合速率增大,提高了叶片对光能的利用率。其叶片CO₂饱和点(CSP)大约在1 200 μmol·mol^-1左右,CO₂的补偿点（Г^*）为70.1 μmol·mol^-1,最大羧化速率（V_cmax）为17.5 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,最大电子传递速率（J_max）为40 μmol·m^-2·s^-1。     

成都仪器厂生物信号采集与处理系统等产品简介

Rm6240B／C、Rm6280C、Rm62160C生理记录仪暨生物信号采集与处理系统是成都仪器厂研制的新一代医学实验设备,产品获得了医疗仪器准产注册证、计量器具生产许可证等有关证照,符合医疗仪器及药品监督管理的有关法规。隔离型产品既可用于人体实验也可用于动物实验。     

芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠对老年慢性心力衰竭患者血清Gal-3、Copeptin水平及TLR4/NF-κB信号通路的影响

摘要 目的：观察芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠对老年慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血清半乳糖凝集素-3（Gal-3）、和肽素（Copeptin）水平及外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4（TLR4）/核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路的影响。方法：研究对象为我院2019年8月~2021年3月期间收治的97例老年CHF患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和研究组,分别为48例和49例,对照组接受沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗,研究组接受芪苈强心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠治疗,两组均治疗3个月。对比两组疗效、血清Gal-3及Copeptin水平、外周血单核细胞TLR4/NF-κB信号通路相关指标、心功能指标及6 min 步行实验（6MWT）距离。记录两组用药安全性。结果：研究组（93.88%）的临床总有效率明显高于对照组（72.92%）（P<0.05）。研究组治疗3个月后左心室射血分数（LVEF）、每搏输出量（SV）、心输出量（CO）高于对照组,6MWT距离长于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗3个月后血清Gal-3、Copeptin水平低于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组治疗3个月后TLR4 mRNA、NF-κB mRNA、白介素-6（IL-6）mRNA、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）mRNA均低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：老年CHF患者采用沙库巴曲缬沙坦钠联合芪苈强心胶囊治疗,可调节血清Gal-3、Copeptin水平,改善患者心功能和运动耐力,可能通过抑制患者外周血单核细胞TLR4/NF-κB信号通路发挥作用。     

淫羊藿苷缓解腹部皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤模型大鼠的作用及机制研究

摘要 目的：研究淫羊藿苷缓解腹部皮瓣缺血再灌注损伤（IRI）模型大鼠的作用及机制。方法：取30只SD级大鼠作为研究对象,将其按照随机数字表法分作假手术组、模型组以及淫羊藿苷组,每组各10只。其中模型组和淫羊藿苷组大鼠均制作大鼠腹部皮瓣IRI模型,假手术组以及模型组大鼠予以生理盐水腹腔注射,淫羊藿苷组大鼠则予以淫羊藿苷腹腔注射。对比各组大鼠皮瓣存活面积及存活率、血清炎症因子以及氧化应激指标水平、皮瓣组织中p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38 MAPK）信号通路相关蛋白表达情况。结果：模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠的皮瓣存活面积及存活率均低于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组大鼠的皮瓣存活面积及存活率均高于模型组（P＜0.05）。模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清白细胞介素-10（IL-10）均低于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组高于模型组;模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子-?琢（TNF-?琢）均高于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组低于模型组（P＜0.05）。模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平均低于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清SOD、GSH水平均高于模型组;模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清丙二醛（MDA）水平均高于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组大鼠血清MDA水平低于模型组（P＜0.05）。模型组、淫羊藿苷组大鼠皮瓣组织p38 MAPK、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶-2（MKP-2）相对表达量均高于假手术组,但淫羊藿苷组皮瓣组织p38 MAPK相对表达量低于模型组,而MKP-2相对表达量高于模型组（P＜0.05）。结论：淫羊藿苷可通过调控p38 MAPK信号通路缓解炎症反应及氧化应激,发挥减轻腹部皮瓣IRI的作用。     

芍药苷对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠肠道屏障功能和ERK信号通路的影响

摘要 目的：探究芍药苷对溃疡性结肠炎（UC）发生过程中肠道屏障功能和ERK信号通路的影响。方法：将24只7-8周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组：正常组（Normal组,未造模及给药的大鼠）、模型组（Model组,100 mg/kg TNBS给药造模）、低剂量芍药苷组（LPF组,100 mg/kg TNBS +10 mg/kg芍药苷给药处理）和高剂量芍药苷组（HPF组,100 mg/kg TNBS +100 mg/kg芍药苷给药处理）,每组6只大鼠。对大鼠推注5%三硝基苯磺酸（TNBS）进行UC大鼠造模,然后灌胃指定浓度的芍药苷,连续处理14 d。通过苏木精伊红（HE）染色进行组织病理学观察,通过阿尔辛蓝（AB）染色计算结肠粘液层厚度。通过ELISA法检测结肠组织中细胞因子（IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-10）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和粘蛋白（MUC2和MUC5AC）的水平。通过免疫组化检测各组大鼠结肠组织中IL-6和IL-10的蛋白表达。通过Western blotting分析蛋白激酶Cα（PKCα）、p-PKCα、ERK1/2和p-ERK1/2的蛋白表达。结果：与Model组（8.38±0.42 cm）相比,LPF组（9.88±0.49 cm）和HPF组（10.92±0.55 cm）UC大鼠的结肠长度显著增加（P<0.05）。与Model组（22.54±1.13 μm）相比,LPF组（41.07±2.05 μm）和HPF组（50.33±2.52 μm）UC大鼠结肠粘液层厚度显著增加（P<0.05）。与Model组相比,LPF组和HPF组UC大鼠的结肠形态明显改善,结肠组织中IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和MPO的水平显著降低,而IL-10显著升高（P<0.05）。与Model组相比,LPF组和HPF组UC大鼠结肠组织中MUC2和MUC5AC水平均显著升高,p-PKCα和p-ERK1/2的磷酸化水平也显著升高（P<0.05）。结论：芍药苷抑制了TNBS诱导的UC大鼠结肠炎症并增加了结肠粘液层厚度,从而保护了肠道屏障功能,其机制可能与ERK信号通路的激活有关。