全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3560篇 |
免费 | 249篇 |
国内免费 | 243篇 |
专业分类
4052篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 70篇 |
2022年 | 66篇 |
2021年 | 104篇 |
2020年 | 118篇 |
2019年 | 145篇 |
2018年 | 108篇 |
2017年 | 163篇 |
2016年 | 150篇 |
2015年 | 119篇 |
2014年 | 150篇 |
2013年 | 301篇 |
2012年 | 123篇 |
2011年 | 207篇 |
2010年 | 119篇 |
2009年 | 174篇 |
2008年 | 178篇 |
2007年 | 202篇 |
2006年 | 170篇 |
2005年 | 167篇 |
2004年 | 93篇 |
2003年 | 107篇 |
2002年 | 112篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 77篇 |
1999年 | 67篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 57篇 |
1996年 | 50篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 46篇 |
1993年 | 33篇 |
1992年 | 46篇 |
1991年 | 43篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 22篇 |
1987年 | 19篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 10篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有4052条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The desulfurization activity of the resting cells of Gordona sp. CYKS1 was strongly depended on harvest time and the highest value when the cells had been harvested in the early growth phase (0.12 mg sulfur g–1 cell–1 h–1). For the model oil, hexadecane containing dibenzothiophene, the specific desulfurization rate decreased as the reaction proceeded. Both the specific and the volumetric desulfurization rates were not significantly affected by the aqueous-to-oil phase ratio. The diesel oils, light gas oil and a middle distillate unit feed were desulfurized at higher rates (ca. 0.34 mg sulfur g–1 cell–1 h–1) than the model oil (0.12 mg sulfur g–1 cell–1 h–1). 相似文献
2.
Ting‐Hang Liu Chia‐Lin Chyan Feng‐Yin Li Ying‐Jie Chen Jason T. C. Tzen 《Biotechnology progress》2011,27(6):1760-1767
It has been demonstrated that caleosin alone is sufficient to stabilize artificial oil bodies. A series of recombinant caleosins, mutated with 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 15, and 17 extra Lys residues and over‐expressed in Escherichia coli, were used as carrier proteins to render biotin as a hapten on the surface of artificial oil bodies for antibody production. Biotinylation levels of the recombinant caleosins were step‐wisely elevated as the number of extra Lys residues increased, and the biotinylated Lys residues were identified by mass spectrometric analysis. Polyclonal antibodies against biotin were successfully generated in rats injected with artificial oil bodies constituted with each of the biotinylated caleosins. Moreover, those generated via the biotinylated caleosins with eight or more extra Lys residues no longer recognized caleosin. It appears that engineered Lys‐rich caleosins are suitable carrier proteins for the production of antibodies against small molecules. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011 相似文献
3.
4.
Quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.), pear (Pyrus communis L.) and olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes were evaluated for their tolerance to iron deficiency stress by growing young plants in three types of aerated nutrient solutions: (1) with iron, (2) without iron or (3) low in iron and with 10 mM bicarbonate. Plants were obtained either from rooted softwood cuttings or from germination of seeds. The degree of tolerance was evaluated with several indices: (1) the chlorophyll content, (2) the root Fe3+ reducing capacity and (3) the whole plant relative growth. Fifteen hours before Fe3+ reducing capacity determination, iron was applied to the roots of plants with iron-stress, since this method resulted in increasing the reductase activity. All quince and pear genotypes increased the root Fe3+ reducing capacity when grown in the treatments for iron-stress, in relation to control plants of the same genotypes. In olive cultivars, the Fe3+ reducing capacity was lower in the iron-stress treatments than in the control one. Studying the relationship between relative growth and chlorophyll content for each genotype under iron-stress, in relation to both indices in control plants, a classification of species and genotypes was established. According to that, most olive cultivars and some pear rootstocks and cultivars appear more iron-efficient than quince rootstocks. Our study shows that in some woody species, determining root Fe3+ reducing capacity is not the best method to establish tolerance to iron deficiency stress. 相似文献
5.
Three specimens of Ayapana triplinervis (Vahl) R.M. King & H. Rob from Reunion Island (Indian Ocean) collected at two distant locations (North of the island; samples 1 and 2, South of the island; sample 3), in different growth phases (flowering; samples 1 and 3, vegetative; sample 2) were investigated for their leaf essential oil composition. This study reports the chemical character of this species on the island and investigates the relationship between essential oil composition, developmental stage and geographic location. Analysis by GC–FID and GC–MS enabled us to identify and quantify a total of 39 constituents accounting for 97.1–98.0% of the oils. The three essential oil samples, all obtained by hydrodistillation, showed a high percentage of the aromatic compound thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether (89.9–92.8%). All other minor components remained more or less unchanged both qualitatively and quantitatively with respect to the stage of growth. On the contrary, variations were observed with geographic distribution. The geographical variation of the chemical composition of the volatile oil of A. triplinervis from several sites in the world is also briefly discussed. 相似文献
6.
Thirty components were identified in Lavandula latifolia essential oil (spike oil). One of the compounds, espliegol (δ-terpineol), is a new natural product. 相似文献
7.
8.
ABSTRACT.
- 1 Larval performance of the leaf beetle Paropsis atomaria Oliver was determined for larvae raised on both new and mature leaves of Eucalyptus blakelyi Maiden. Larvae were transferred to mature leaves at different ages; control larvae stayed on new leaves through all instars.
- 2 Only larvae reared on new leaves through the third instar survived to pupate on mature leaves; developmental time was prolonged by 20% and pupal weight was reduced by 50% in these larvae compared with larvae reared entirely on new leaves. Almost all larvae died when transferred to mature leaves as first, second or third instars.
- 3 Low survival and slow development on mature leaves was mainly due to failure by larvae to feed. Larvae palpated leaves and could discriminate among leaf ages immediately, without biting into the leaf tissue.
- 4 New leaves had higher concentrations of oil and tannins than old leaves, while there were no significant differences in nitrogen concentrations in the two types of leaves. Mature leaves were more than 3 times tougher than new leaves, in terms of g mm?2 of penetrometer force.
- 5 In drought years E. blakelyi may not produce sufficient new leaves to supply specialist herbivores with their preferred food resource. We infer that drought years reduce P. atomaria larval performance significantly, and influence the population dynamics of the insect.
9.
Ronald E. Ferrell Ernest D. Seneca Rick A. Linthurst 《Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology》1984,83(1):27-39
Greenhouse studies were conducted to examine the effects of crude oil on the growth of Spartinaalterniflora Loisel. and S. cynosuroides (L.) Roth from North Carolina. The way in which crude oil came into contact with the plant tissue and/or substratum was an important factor in determining the responses of both species to oil pollution. Plants recovered from a single application of oil to aerial tissue with relatively little impact on productivity. The presence of an oil layer on the surface of an overlying layer of water had little impact on existing aerial portions of S. alterniflora plants; however, regrowth following harvest was completely inhibited. Incorporation of oil into the substratum significantly reduced aerial productivity and regrowth of S. alternflora and S. cynosuroides. Observations suggest that decreased productivity and regrowth may have been caused by decreased root and rhizome growth. Regrowth potential of S. alterniflora grown in oiled substratum was greater in fine-textured marsh substratum than in sand substratum. 相似文献
10.
C. P. Malik Usha Parmar Parmil Singh K. L. Ahuja R. K. Raheja 《Plant Growth Regulation》1986,4(2):159-168
Plants of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. var. PG No. 1) were given two foliar sprays of phenolic compounds (H-acid, 1, 2, 4-acid, resorcinol and RD-Brown) at 100 and 200 ppm, 35 and 50 days after sowing. In treated plants, shelling %, yield (kg/ha), number of gynophores per plant and number of pods per plant were significantly greater than in the control. Oil content of kernels also showed a significant increase with all the phenolic compounds applied. These compounds increased the linoleic acid concentration so improving nutritional quality. The number of gynophores was significantly correlated with the number of pods per plant and yield per hectare. The effect of phenolic compounds on growth and development was independent of their structural configuration. 相似文献