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1.
G. Larivière-Gauthier A. Thibodeau É. Yergeau P. Fravalo 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,72(2):113-120
Recent studies have shown that Salmonella shedding status affects sows’ microbiota during gestation and that these modifications are reflected in the faecal microbiota of their piglets at weaning. The aims of this study were: (a) to evaluate the persistence, up to the fattening period, of the previously measured link between the microbiota of piglets and their mothers’ Salmonella shedding status; and (b) measure the impact of the measured microbiota variations on their Salmonella excretion at this stage. To achieve this, 76 piglets born from 19 sows for which the faecal microbiota was previously documented, were selected in a multisite production system. The faecal matter of these swine was sampled after 4 weeks, at the fattening stage. The Salmonella shedding status and faecal microbiota of these animals were described using bacteriological and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing respectively. The piglet digestive microbiota association with the Salmonella shedding status of their sows did not persist after weaning and did not affect the risk of Salmonella excretion during fattening, while the birth mother still affected the microbiota of the swine at fattening. This supports the interest in sows as a target for potentially transferrable microbiota modifications. 相似文献
2.
《Cell reports》2020,30(3):807-819.e4
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3.
Francesca Passaretta Domenico Bosco Lucia Centurione Maria Antonietta Centurione Fabio Marongiu Roberta Di Pietro 《Journal of cellular and molecular medicine》2020,24(7):4350-4355
Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells (hAEC) isolated from term placenta are a promising source for regenerative medicine. However, it has long been debated whether the hAEC population consists of heterogeneous or homogeneous cells. In a previous study, we investigated the characteristics of hAEC isolated from four different regions of the amniotic membrane finding significant heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatic differentiation capability of hAEC isolated from these four regions. Human term placentae were collected after caesarean section and hAEC were isolated from four regions of the amniotic membrane (R1-R4, according to their relative distance from the umbilical cord) and treated in hepatic differentiation conditions for 14 days. hAEC-derived hepatocyte-like cells showed marked differences in the expression of hepatic markers: R4 showed higher levels of Albumin and Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor (HNF) 4α whereas R1 expressed higher Cytochrome P450 enzymes, both at the gene and protein level. These preliminary results suggest that hAEC isolated from R1 and R4 of the amniotic membrane are more prone to hepatic differentiation. Therefore, the use of hAEC from a specific region of the amniotic membrane should be taken into consideration as it could have an impact on the outcome of therapeutic applications. 相似文献
4.
N.T. Nguyen M. Liu H. Katayama T. Takemura I. Kasuga 《Letters in applied microbiology》2021,72(3):275-282
Colistin is one of the antibiotics of last resort for human health. However, the dissemination of the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 is of great concern globally. In the One Health framework, the environment is an important component for managing antimicrobial resistance. However, little information is available concerning the prevalence of mcr-1 in water environments. We aimed to reveal the prevalence of mcr-1 in different water environments in Hanoi, Vietnam. Quantitative PCR was applied to detect mcr-1 in four urban drainages receiving untreated domestic wastewater, three rivers, five lakes and two groundwater samples. Urban drainages contained higher concentrations of mcr-1, suggesting that urban residents carry the gene. The class 1 integron-integrase gene was identified as a good surrogate of antibiotic resistance genes including mcr-1. A significant correlation was found between the levels of mcr-1 and the human-specific cross-assembly phage, which is an indicator of human faecal pollution. These results indicated that the primary source of mcr-1 in urban water environments is human faeces, which is consistent with the fact that most domestic wastewater is untreated in Hanoi. The control of untreated wastewater is critical for alleviating the spread of mcr-1 in water environments in Vietnam. 相似文献
5.
Jun‐juan Wang Qi‐min Zhang Wei‐wei Ni Xin Zhang Ying Li Ai‐li Li Peng Du Chun Li Su‐su Yu 《Microbiology and immunology》2019,63(8):303-315
We investigated the correlation between the beneficial effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus on gut microbiota composition, metabolic activities, and reducing cow's milk protein allergy. Mice sensitized with β‐lactoglobulin (β‐Lg) were treated with different doses of L. acidophilus KLDS 1.0738 for 4 weeks, starting 1 week before allergen induction. The results showed that intake of L. acidophilus significantly suppressed the hypersensitivity responses, together with increased fecal microbiota diversity and short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration (including propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, and isovalerate) when compared with the allergic group. Moreover, treatment with L. acidophilus induced the expression of SCFAs receptors, G‐protein–coupled receptors 41 (GPR41) and 43 (GPR43), in the spleen and colon of the allergic mice. Further analysis revealed that the GPR41 and GPR43 messenger RNA expression both positively correlated with the serum concentrations of transforming growth factor‐β and IFN‐γ (p < .05), but negatively with the serum concentrations of IL‐17, IL‐4, and IL‐6 in the L. acidophilus–treated group compared with the allergic group (p < .05). These results suggested that L. acidophilus protected against the development of allergic inflammation by improving the intestinal flora, as well as upregulating SCFAs and their receptors GPR41/43. 相似文献
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《Cell metabolism》2020,31(1):77-91.e5
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10.
Summary The presence of neurofilament (NF)-like and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-like immunoreactivities was studied in sympathetic ganglia of adult rats and guinea pigs during normal conditions and after perturbation. In the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) of normal rats, many ganglion cells and nerve fibers show NF immunoreactivity. Some of these nerve fibers disappear after preganglionic decentralization of SCG; this indicates the presence of a mixture of preand postganglionic NF-positive nerves in the ganglion. Cuts in both preand postganglionic nerves result in a marked increase in GFAP immunoreactivity in SCG, whereas NF immunoreactivity increases in nerve cell bodies after preganglionic cuts. Only a few ganglion cells show NF immunoreactivity in the normal SCG of guinea pig. All intraganglionic NF-positive nerves are of preganglionic origin; decentralization abolishes NF immunoreactivity in these nerve fibers. The inferior mesenteric ganglion, the hypogastric nerves and colonic nerves in guinea pigs contain large numbers of strongly NF-immunoreactive nerve fibers.When the SCG of adult rat is grafted to the anterior eye chamber of adult rat recipients, both ganglionic cell bodies and nerve fibers, forming on the host iris from the grafted ganglion, are NF-positive. As only the perikarya of these neurons normally exhibit NF immunoreactivity, and the terminal iris arborizations are NF-negative, it appears that the grafting procedure causes NF immunoreactivity to become more widespread in growing SCG neurons. 相似文献