Comparative analysis of stalked and acorn barnacle adhesive proteomes

Barnacles interest the scientific community for multiple reasons: their unique evolutionary trajectory, vast diversity and economic impact—as a harvested food source and also as one of the most prolific macroscopic hard biofouling organisms. A common, yet novel, trait among barnacles is adhesion, which has enabled a sessile adult existence and global colonization of the oceans. Barnacle adhesive is primarily composed of proteins, but knowledge of how the adhesive proteome varies across the tree of life is unknown due to a lack of genomic information. Here, we supplement previous mass spectrometry analyses of barnacle adhesive with recently sequenced genomes to compare the adhesive proteomes of Pollicipes pollicipes (Pedunculata) and Amphibalanus amphitrite (Sessilia). Although both species contain the same broad protein categories, we detail differences that exist between these species. The barnacle-unique cement proteins show the greatest difference between species, although these differences are diminished when amino acid composition and glycosylation potential are considered. By performing an in-depth comparison of the adhesive proteomes of these distantly related barnacle species, we show their similarities and provide a roadmap for future studies examining sequence-specific differences to identify the proteins responsible for functional differences across the barnacle tree of life.     

海南习用药材无柄灵芝质量标准研究

为建立海南习用药材无柄灵芝的质量标准,依据《中国药典》2015年版中药质量标准研制的要求,对无柄灵芝药材的性状、鉴别、检查、浸出物、灰分、含量测定等项目进行研究。本研究明确了无柄灵芝药材的性状和显微结构特征,建立了专属的薄层鉴别方法;规定无柄灵芝多糖含量不得低于0.40%、三萜与甾醇含量不得低于0.40%、水分不得超过18.0%、总灰分不得超过4.0%、浸出物不得低于2.0%,为无柄灵芝药材质量控制及资源开发利用提供科学依据。