环境温度对荒漠沙晰和密点麻晰体温的影响及其对环境温度的选择

荒漠沙蜥和密点麻蜥的体温都随环境温度的变化而变化,相关非常显著（P<0.001）。在相同环境温度条件下,荒漠沙蜥的体温约高于密点麻蜥3 ℃。荒漠沙蜥集中选择38-40 ℃的环境,密点麻蜥选择35-37 ℃的环境。荒漠沙蜥的热僵死阈值为44-48 ℃,致死温度（TL[50]）为48 ℃,密点麻蜥的热僵死阈值为42-46 ℃,致死温度（TL[50]）为46 ℃。两种蜥蜴对低温的耐受性基本相似,冷僵温度为0- -3 ℃,致死低温（TL[50]）：荒漠沙蜥为-2.3 ℃,密点麻蜥为-2.5 ℃。两种蜥蜴的这些差异与种的特征、栖息环境及体形的大小有关。     

断尾对胎生蜥蜴运动能力和选择体温的影响

尾自切是蜥蜴为了降低被捕食危险而采取的一种反捕食适应策略,但断尾可导致体重减轻、热量收支平衡改变,并影响蜥蜴的运动能力和体温调节.为检验断尾对蜥蜴运动能力和选择体温的影响,于2006年5月选取黑龙江省小兴安岭地区的一个胎生蜥蜴种群进行实验.结果表明:在30 ℃和24℃两个实验温度下,断尾后胎生蜥蜴的运动能力均明显下降,表现在停顿次数增多、最大可持续距离和最大疾跑速度减少等方面;断尾、温度和性别对胎生蜥蝎运动能力的影响在一定程度上是相互独立的,断尾是影响胎生蜥蜴运动能力的主要因素;断尾对胎生蜥蝎的选择体温没有显著影响.     

PNAS：研究揭示增加体温改善癌症治疗分子机制

来自EurekAlert的消息,荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学细胞生物学与遗传学荼等处的研究人员发表了增加体温改善癌症治疗情况的分子机制,他们证明了体温过高阻断了一种关键的DNA修复路径。从商提出体温过高是一种非侵入性。非毒性的工具。     

不同环境温度对有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱引起大鼠体温变化的影响

目的: 观察不同环境温度对有机磷杀虫剂毒死蜱(CHP)引起大鼠体温变化的影响.方法: 用数字体温仪测量大鼠的结肠和尾部皮肤温度,观察25℃、16℃和32℃环境温度对口饲CHP引起结肠温度和尾部皮肤温度变化的影响.结果: 给置于25℃和16℃环境中的大鼠口饲CHP (20 mg·kg-1) 后,均可引起结肠温度明显的降低,尾部皮肤温度明显升高;但32℃环境中大鼠口饲CHP后却引起了明显的升温作用,而尾部皮肤温度无明显影响.结论: CHP对大鼠体温的影响与环境温度有关.     

不同经度地区北草蜥的喜好体温和热耐受性

在外温动物热生理特征的进化理论中,“静态”和“易变”是两个持续争论的对立观点。热生理学特征的种内变异是检验此类假设的最有力证据。本研究比较了不同经度地区北草蜥的热环境和热生理特征,以检验“静态”和“易变”假设。东部沿海地区(宁德)的环境温度高于内陆地区(贵阳),与之相适应,沿海地区北草蜥的喜好体温也高于内陆地区。然而,两地区蜥蜴的上临界温度和下临界温度无显著差异。尽管这些热生理学特征的种群间变异趋势并不一致,但是喜好温度随环境温度变化而改变的结果符合“易变”假设的预测。此外,本研究表明蜥蜴的喜好体温存在沿经度方向的地理变异。     

Screening for High-Temperature Tolerant Cotton Cultivars by Testing In Vitro Pollen Germination, Pollen Tube Growth and Boll Retention

With radical global climate change and global warming, high temperature stress has become one of major factors exerting a major influence on crop production. In the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)-growing areas of China, especially in the Yangtze River valley, unexpected periodic episodes of extreme heat stress usually occur in July and August, the peak time of cotton flowering and boll loading, resulting in lower boll set and lint yield. Breeding programs for screening high temperature-tolerant cotton germplasm and cultivars are urgent in order to stabilize yield in the current and future warmer weather conditions. In the present study, 14 cotton cultivars were quantified for in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth in response to temperatures ranging from 10 to 50 ℃ at 5 ℃ intervals. Different cotton genotypes varied in their in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube length responses to the different temperatures. Maximum pollen germination and pollen tube length ranged from 25.2% to 56.2% and from 414 to 682 μm, respectively.The average cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt, and Tmax) also varied among the 14 cultivars and were 11.8,27.3, and 42.7 ℃ for pollen germination and 11.8, 27.8, and 44.1 ℃ for maximum pollen tube length. Variations in boll retention and boll numbers per plant in field experiments were found for the 14 cotton cultivars and the boll retention and boll retained per plant on 20 August varied considerably in different years according to weather conditions. Boll retention on 20 August was highly correlated with maximum pollen germination (R2=0.84) and pollen tube length (R2=0.64). A screening method based on principle component analysis of the combination of pollen characteristics in an in vitro experiment and boll retention testing in the field environment was used in the present study and, as a result, the 14 cotton cultivars could be classified as tolerant, moderately tolerant, moderately susceptible and susceptible to high temperature.     

生命的节拍

许多生物的生命活动都表现出周期性的节律变化。例如,人体体温在24小时内常常呈现周期性波动;含羞草的叶片每到夜晚就会闭合,第二天又会重新打开,如此循环反复;有些虫媒传粉的植物总是在清晨或傍晚开花,而花香和花蜜的合成和释放又总是在一天中的特定时间达到峰值……     

维甲酸引起头痛1例报告

1临床资料 患者,男,38岁.因牙龈出血10天,于2004年7月29日入院.查体:体温37.℃,脉搏76次/分,呼吸18次/分,血压18.7/10.7kPa,神志清,皮肤、巩膜无黄染及出血点,浅表淋巴结未触及,扁桃体不大,牙龈轻度肿胀,见有少量渗血,胸骨下段压痛,心肺(一),肝脾肋下未及.