排序方式: 共有47条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Ruth Chan Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Winnie Chiu-Wing Chu Grace Lai-Hung Wong Liz Sin Li Jason Leung Angel Mei-Ling Chim David Ka-Wai Yeung Mandy Man-Mei Sea Jean Woo Francis Ka-Leung Chan Henry Lik-Yuen Chan 《PloS one》2015,10(4)
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been associated with reduced growth hormone levels and signaling. Such hormonal changes also occur in metabolic acidosis. Since mild metabolic acidosis can be diet induced, diet-induced acid load may constitute a nutritional factor with possible influence on NAFLD development. This study explored whether a higher diet-induced acid load is associated with an increased likelihood of NAFLD. Apparently healthy Chinese adults (330 male, 463 female) aged 19-72 years were recruited through population screening between 2008 and 2010 in a cross-sectional population-based study in Hong Kong. Estimated net endogenous acid production (NEAP) was calculated using Frassetto’s method and potential renal acid load (PRAL) was calculated using Remer’s method based on dietary data from a food frequency questionnaire. NAFLD was defined as intrahepatic triglyceride content at >5% by proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Possible advanced fibrosis was defined as liver stiffness at >7.9 kPa by transient elastography. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between each measure of dietary acid load and prevalent NAFLD or possible advanced fibrosis with adjustment for potential anthropometric and lifestyle factors. 220 subjects (27.7%) were diagnosed with NAFLD. Estimated NEAP was positively associated with the likelihood of having NAFLD after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, current drinker status and the presence of metabolic syndrome [OR (95% CI) = 1.25 (1.02-1.52), p = 0.022]. The association was slightly attenuated but remained significant when the model was further adjusted for other dietary variables. No association between PRAL and NAFLD prevalence was observed. Both estimated NEAP and PRAL were not associated with the presence of possible advance fibrosis. Our findings suggest that there may be a modest association between diet-induced acid load and NAFLD. More studies are needed to ascertain the link between diet-induced acid load and NAFLD and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. 相似文献
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Sea H. Kim Birendra Babu Adhikari Siobanth Cruz Michael P. Schramm Joe A. Vinson Vasanthy Narayanaswami 《PloS one》2015,10(8)
The objective of this study is to transport and deliver resveratrol to intracellular sites using apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3). Reconstituted high-density lipoprotein (rHDL) bearing resveratrol (rHDL/res) was prepared using phospholipids and the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr)-binding domain of apoE3. Biophysical characterization revealed that resveratrol was partitioned into the phospholipid bilayer of discoidal rHDL/res particles (~19 nm diameter). Co-immunoprecipitation studies indicated that the LDLr-binding ability of apoE3 was retained. Cellular uptake of resveratrol to intracellular sites was evaluated in glioblastoma A-172 cells by direct fluorescence using chemically synthesized NBD-labeled resveratrol (res/NBD) embedded in rHDL/res. Competition and inhibition studies indicate that the uptake is by receptor mediated endocytosis via the LDLr, with co-localization of apoE3 and res/NBD in late endosomes/lysosomes. We propose that rHDL provides an ideal hydrophobic milieu to sequester resveratrol and that rHDL containing apoE3 serves as an effective “nanovehicle” to transport and deliver resveratrol to targeted intracellular sites. 相似文献
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生殖细胞缺陷症(gcd)小鼠突变体是20个世纪90年代初发现的一种不育突变小鼠,其不育原因是由于其胚胎期原始生殖细胞的数目低于正常。FancL(也叫Pog)的缺失是引起gcd突变小鼠的原因,FancL基因缺失后可能影响了小鼠胚胎期原始生殖细胞的增殖/存活和成年期小鼠精母细胞的减数分裂。FANCL是一种含有PHD结构域的泛素E3连接酶,是Fanconi贫血复合物的组分之一。在生殖细胞中,FANCL与GGN1和GGN3相互作用,GGN1和GGN2又与一种新的蛋白质GGNBP特异作用。但GGNBP蛋白的功能还不清楚。为了研究GGNBP的功能以及揭示更多的参与该过程的蛋白质,运用Clontech公司新开发的第3套酵母双杂交系统,以GGNBP为诱饵从成年小鼠睾丸cDNA库中筛选与其相互作用的蛋白质基因,发现了一个主要在睾丸中表达的新的基因,其编码的蛋白质产物在酵母系统中与GGNBP特异作用。 相似文献
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南沙群岛邻近海区春夏季浮游植物多样性研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
1999年春季和夏季对南沙海区网采浮游植物分布与多样性进行了调查。 1999年春季渚碧礁湖观测站及春、夏季大面站的浮游植物细胞数量平均值分别为 2 .4 9× 10 4cells/m3 、0 .73× 10 4cells/m3 和 1.0 3× 10 4cells/m3 。1999年春季在渚碧礁湖共采到浮游植物 2 6属 5 1种 ,大面站 31属 10 9种 ;夏季大面站共检出 38属 172种。海区大面站春季、夏季浮游植物Shannon Wiener多样性指数平均值分别为 4 .35和 4 .0 1;春季渚碧礁浮游植物多样性指数为 2 .92 ,低于外部开阔海域。南沙海区浮游植物的分布与水文、营养盐、浮游动物的摄食等均有一定的关系 相似文献
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珠母贝属的系统发育: 核rDNA ITS序列证据 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
珠母贝属(pinctada)的一些种类是生产海水珍珠的重要母贝,个别种类已濒临灭绝。本文利用核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区1(ITS1)和2(ITS2)序列对珠母贝属常见种类的系统发育和分类地位进行了分析。结果表明:ITS1长410-482bp,其中Pinctada maxima最长,P.fucata,P.fucata martensii,P.imbricata和P.nigra最短。ITS2长210-249bp,其中P.albina和P.nigra最长,P.maxima和P.margaritifera最短。碱基替换的同质性检测发现,P.maxima、P.margaritifera和P.chemnitzi的碱基替换格局存在显著性差异,前二者的GC含量显著高于其他种,在进化上可能比较原始;而P.chemnitzi可能发生过染色体重排事件,可能是新近形成的种。系统发育分析表明,所研究的种类可分成3个类群:类群Ⅰ包含P.fucata、P.fucatamartensii和P.imbricata;类群Ⅱ包含P.albina、P.nigra、P.chemnitzi和P.radiata;类群Ⅲ包含P.maxima和P.margaritifera。在类群Ⅰ中,我国的P.fucata、日本的P.fucatamartensii和澳大利亚的P.imbricata的种间遗传分化不明显,可能为同种,根据命名优先原则应以P.imbricata命名该种为宜。类群Ⅱ中P.albina和P.nigra可能是两个亚种,而GenBank中的P.radiata(AY144603)可能是P.chemnitzi的误定。类群Ⅲ(P.maxima和P.margaritifera)分化较早,与碱基替换格局的检测结果相符。 相似文献
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Summers K Sea McKeon C Heying H 《Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society》2006,273(1587):687-692
The evolution of parental care and egg size has attracted considerable attention and theoretical debate. Several different hypotheses have been proposed concerning the trajectories of parental care and egg size evolution and the order of specific evolutionary transitions. Few comparative studies have investigated the predictions of these hypotheses. Here, we investigate the evolutionary association between parental care and egg size in frogs in a phylogenetic context. Data on egg size and presence or absence of parental care in various species of frogs was gathered from the scientific literature. As a basis for our comparative analyses, we developed a phylogenetic supertree, by combining the results of multiple phylogenetic analyses in the literature using matrix representation parsimony. Using phylogenetic pairwise comparisons we demonstrated a significant association between the evolution of parental care and large egg size. We then used recently developed maximum likelihood methods to infer the evolutionary order of specific transitions. This analysis revealed that the evolution of large egg size typically precedes the evolution of parental care, rather than the reverse. We discuss the relevance of our results to previous hypotheses concerning the evolution of parental care and egg size. 相似文献
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Kevin W. Sea Yuewei Sheng Herman L. Lelie Lindsay Kane Barnese Armando Durazo Joan Selverstone Valentine Edith Butler Gralla 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2013,18(8):985-992
Copper–zinc superoxide dismutase (Sod1) is an abundant intracellular enzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide to give hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen. In most organisms, Sod1 acquires copper by a combination of two pathways, one dependent on the copper chaperone for Sod1 (CCS), and the other independent of CCS. Examples have been reported of two exceptions: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which Sod1 appeared to be fully dependent on CCS, and Caenorhabditis elegans, in which Sod1 was completely independent of CCS. Here, however, using overexpressed Sod1, we show there is also a significant amount of CCS-independent activation of S. cerevisiae Sod1, even in low-copper medium. In addition, we show CCS-independent oxidation of the disulfide bond in S. cerevisiae Sod1. There appears to be a continuum between CCS-dependent and CCS-independent activation of Sod1, with yeast falling near but not at the CCS-dependent end. 相似文献
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Pulses of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) in response to discrete precipitation events are an integral feature
of ecosystem functioning in arid and semi-arid lands. Yet, the usefulness of nonlinear, ecohydrological pulse response functions
to predict regional-scale patterns of annual ANPP at decadal scales remains unclear. Here, we assessed how different pulse
response (PR) models compete with simple linear statistical models to capture variability in yearly integrated values of Normalized
Difference Vegetation Index (NDVIint), a remotely sensed proxy of annual ANPP. We examined 24-year-long time series of NDVIint calculated from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) NDVI for 350,000 km2 of tropical grasslands in northern Australia. Based on goodness-of-fit statistics, PR models clearly outperformed statistical
models when parameters were optimized for each site but all models showed the same error magnitude when all sites were combined
in ensemble simulations or when the models were evaluated outside the calibration period. PR models were less biased and their
performance did not deteriorate in the driest areas compared to linear models. Increasing the complexity of PR models to provide
a better representation of soil water balance and its feedback with plant growth did not improve model performance in ensemble
simulations. When error magnitude, bias, and sensitivity to parameter uncertainty were all considered, we concluded that a
low-dimensional PR model was the most robust to capture NDVIint variability. This study shows the potential of long time series of AVHRR NDVI to benchmark process-oriented models of interannual
variability of NDVIint in water-controlled ecosystems. This opens new avenues to examine at the global scale and over several decades the causal
relationships between climate and leaf dynamics in the grassland biome. 相似文献