正常大鼠肾脏细胞溶酶体膜的构成蛋白

溶酶体是细胞内对其吞噬之物质溶解及消化之主要场所,同时也是细胞自噬作用的主要细胞器。为了进一步了解此细胞器的功能与结构,我们采用免疫荧光标记法,通过5种针对大鼠肝细胞溶酶体膜蛋白的特异性单克隆抗体,对大鼠正常肾脏细胞溶酶体膜蛋白进行了标记,并通过NH_4Cl溶液对溶酶体作了膜膨胀处理,结果显示:(1)细胞内溶酶体膜蛋白是由多种蛋白所构成,其各种蛋白的含量是不同的;(2)所有溶酶体膜蛋白均表达于该细胞器之表面;(3)NH_4Cl溶液能有效地使溶酶体扩张,这将有和于进一步研究溶酶体的结构。     

中国寻螨属一新种记述(蜱螨亚纲:长须螨科)

寻螨属Zetzellia在中国曾报道了两种:苹果寻螨Z.mail(Ewing)和北京寻螨Z.beijing Wang and Xu1987.本文描述了寻螨属一新种,庐山寻螨Z.lushanensis sp.nov.模式标本保存于江西大学生物系.文内测量单位为μm。     

抑菌生的研究总结报告

本文报告一种由枯草杆菌制成的生态制剂,并命名为抑菌生(Subtilobiogen)。该制剂对创、烧伤感染有治疗作用。经过安全试验、急性毒性试验、Ames试验和微核试验证明,该制剂是一种无害、无毒和有致突变作用的活菌制剂。抑菌生有膏剂、乳剂及粉剂3种剂型。抑菌生在试管和体内对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和大肠杆菌均具有抑菌作用。临床观察证明,将抑菌生喷洒在创面上,对浅Ⅱ°度、深Ⅱ°度及混合型烧伤感染均具有明显疗效。实验组(181例)与对照组(174例)相比较,在统计学上具有显著性差异。抑菌生的作用机制,经过初步试验证明,与营养争夺和占位性保护有关,因为枯草杆菌的生长速度超过金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和大肠杆菌的生长速度。     

Dye standards, Part II.5: Pararosaniline (CI 42500)

The names and affiliations of the SRMTS members are cited in Part I: terminology and general principles,Histochem. J. (1992)24, 217–19.     

Cis-trans isomerization of an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor. An enzyme kinetic and nuclear magnetic resonance study

The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptide hydrolase, EC 3.4.15.1) inhibitor, ramiprilat (2-[N-[(S)-1-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylpropyl]-L-Ala]-(1S,3S,5S)-2- azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3-carboxylic acid), is shown to exist in tow conformational isomers, cis and trans, which interconvert around the amide bond. The two conformers were separated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The conformers were identified by nuclear Overhauser effect measurements. From line shape analysis the isomerization rate constants were determined to be kcis----trans = 15 s-1 and ktrans----cis = 5 s-1 at 368 K in [2H]phosphate buffer (p2H 7.5). By enzyme kinetic studies using 3-(2-furylacryloyl)-L-Phe-Gly-Gly as substrate, the trans conformer was found to be the most potent enzyme inhibitor, whereas the cis conformer had a very low inhibitory effect. A new inhibition mechanism is presented for this type of slow, tight-binding inhibitors that contain an amide bond. This mechanism involves an equilibrium between the two conformers and the enzyme-bound inhibitor complex.     

Immunotherapy for remission maintenance in acute myeloblastic leukemia

Summary Forty-eight patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia in remission were treated with immunotherapy in addition to remission-maintenance chemotherapy. The first 16 patients were treated with weekly BCG and a leukemia cell vaccine (group 1). The next 32 patients were randomly allocated to receive BCG and a leukemia cell vaccine given once monthly (group 2) or BCG given monthly with no leukemia cell vaccine (group 3). There was no significant difference in remission duration or survival between the randomly allocated groups (2 and 3).Comparisons with group 1 are limited by the non-random allocation to this group, but selection bias was unlikely and clinical features were similar in the three patient groups. No significant difference in remission duration or survival was seen amongst the three groups studied. There was no advantage in the addition of leukemia cell vaccine (groups 1 and 2) to BCG alone (group 3) and no advantage to weekly (group 1) versus monthly immunotherapy (groups 2 and 3). Only 7 of the 48 patients achieved a second remission, and 4 of these were short-term partial remissions.The following are contributing members of the Toronto Leukemia Study Group: Doctor's Hospital, Harvey Silver MD; Humber Memorial Hospital, Alan Seidenfeld MD; Mississauga Hospital, Michael King MD; Mount Sinai Hospital, Dominic Amato MD; Northwestern Hospital, Wilhelm Kwant MD; Oshawa General Hospital, Hak Chiu MD; St Michael's Hospital, Bernadette Garvey MD, Kenneth Butler MD; St Joseph's Hospital, H. James Watt MD, Murray Davidson MD; Toronto General Hospital, Gerald Scott MD, William Francombe MD, Kenneth Shumak MD; John Crookston MD, PhD; Toronto Western Hospital, James G. Watt MD, David Sutton MD; Michael Baker MD; Domenic Pantalony MD; Wellesley Hospital, Dale Dotten MD; Women's College Hospital, George Kutas MD; York Finch Hospital, Sam Berger MD     

Delayed hypersensitivity and Ig level in 210 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia

Summary Serum immunoglobulin concentration and skin reactivity to at least three recall antigens were determined in 210 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Immunoglobulin concentration was normal in the great majority of the patients. Skin tests were negative in 50 of 210 cases (24%). No relationship could be demonstrated between skin reactivity, age, time since diagnosis, WBC, lymphocyte count, and splenectomy. Prior antileukemic therapy was a major factor in determining the response to skin tests.S. Tura (Chairman) and M. Baccarani (Secretary), Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università e Servizio di Ematologia dell'Ospedale S. Orsola, Bologna; G. de Sandre, G. Perona, G. Cetto, G. Pizzolo, Istituto di Patologia Medica e Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università, Verona; P. Rambotti, B. Falini, Clinica Medica dell'Università, Perugia; T. Chisesi, G. Capnist, Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale Civile, Vicenza; A. Cajozzo, P. Citarella, Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università, Palermo; G. Broccia, Sezione di Ematologia, Ospedale Armando Businco, Cagliari; V. Liso, G. Troccoli, Clinica Medica II dell'Università, Bari; L. Bruzzese, G. Nappi, A. Abbadessa, Clinica Medica (I Facoltà) dell'Università, Napoli; A. Porcellini, C. Delfini, Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedali Riuniti, Pesaro; E. Cacciola, R. Giustolisi, R. Musso, V. Raimondi, Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università, Catania; G. Torlontano, L. Geraci, Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università, Chieti, e Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale Civile, Pescara; F. Mandelli, G. Mariani, B. Monarca, N. Petti, Cattedra di Ematologia dell'Università, Roma; R. di Guglielmo, A. Miliani, Clinica Medica dell'Università, Firenze; C. Bernasconi, M. Lazzarino, G. Castelli, Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale S. Matteo, Pavia; A. Alberti, S. Magro, Servizio di Ematologia, Ospedale Generale Regionale, Catanzaro; A. Neri, P. Iacopino, Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedali Riuniti, Reggio Calabria; R. Delsignore, M. C. Baroni, Istituto di Patologia Medica dell'Universita, Parma; E. Bajetta, S. Monfardini, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milano; S. Tognella, Istituto Scientifico di Medicina Interna, Cattedra di Clinica Medica 2R, Università, Genova.     

Pyronaridine–artesunate real-world safety,tolerability, and effectiveness in malaria patients in 5 African countries: A single-arm,open-label,cohort event monitoring study

BackgroundIn Phase II/III randomized controlled clinical trials for the treatment of acute uncomplicated malaria, pyronaridine–artesunate demonstrated high efficacy and a safety profile consistent with that of comparators, except that asymptomatic, mainly mild-to-moderate transient increases in liver aminotransferases were reported for some patients. Hepatic safety, tolerability, and effectiveness have not been previously assessed under real-world conditions in Africa.Methods and findingsThis single-arm, open-label, cohort event monitoring study was conducted at 6 health centers in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, and Republic of Congo between June 2017 and April 2019. The trial protocol as closely as possible resembled real-world clinical practice for the treatment of malaria at the centers. Eligible patients were adults or children of either sex, weighing at least 5 kg, with acute uncomplicated malaria who did not have contraindications for pyronaridine–artesunate treatment as per the summary of product characteristics. Patients received fixed-dose pyronaridine–artesunate once daily for 3 days, dosed by body weight, without regard to food intake. A tablet formulation was used in adults and adolescents and a pediatric granule formulation in children and infants under 20 kg body weight. The primary outcome was the hepatic event incidence, defined as the appearance of the clinical signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity confirmed by a >2× rise in alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) versus baseline in patients with baseline ALT/AST >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN). As a secondary outcome, this was assessed in patients with ALT/AST >2× ULN prior to treatment versus a matched cohort of patients with normal baseline ALT/AST. The safety population comprised 7,154 patients, of mean age 13.9 years (standard deviation (SD) 14.6), around half of whom were male (3,569 [49.9%]). Patients experienced 8,560 malaria episodes; 158 occurred in patients with baseline ALT/AST elevations >2×ULN. No protocol-defined hepatic events occurred following pyronaridine–artesunate treatment of malaria patients with or without baseline hepatic dysfunction. Thus, no cohort comparison could be undertaken. Also, as postbaseline clinical chemistry was only performed where clinically indicated, postbaseline ALT/AST levels were not systematically assessed for all patients. Adverse events of any cause occurred in 20.8% (1,490/7,154) of patients, most frequently pyrexia (5.1% [366/7,154]) and vomiting (4.2% [303/7,154]). Adjusting for Plasmodium falciparum reinfection, clinical effectiveness at day 28 was 98.6% ([7,369/7,746] 95% confidence interval (CI) 98.3 to 98.9) in the per-protocol population. There was no indication that comorbidities or malnutrition adversely affected outcomes. The key study limitation was that postbaseline clinical biochemistry was only evaluated when clinically indicated.ConclusionsPyronaridine–artesunate had good tolerability and effectiveness in a representative African population under conditions similar to everyday clinical practice. These findings support pyronaridine–artesunate as an operationally useful addition to the management of acute uncomplicated malaria.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT03201770","term_id":"NCT03201770"}}NCT03201770.

Gaston Tona Lutete and co-workers report on safety and effectiveness of the antimalarial drug pyronaridine-artesunate in African countries.