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261.
A bryozoan fauna containing seven species is described from the Upper Frasnian (Upper Devonian) rocks in the Khoshyeilagh
Section, Alborz Mountains (northern Iran). The studied bryozoan assemblage includes one new trepostome species, Eridotrypella
alborzensis sp. nov., an additional four species identified at species level: two trepostomes, Minussina akkayaensis Volkova, 1974 and Leptotrypella inaudita Morozova, 1961, and two rhabdomesine cryptostomes, Bigeyella
mariae (Morozova, 1961) and Saffordotaxis multispinata (Morozova, 1955). Furthermore, two species are described in open nomenclature: the trepostome Schulgina sp. and the rhabdomesine cryptostome Nicklesopora sp. The studied fauna shows a close similarity at the species level between northern Iran and the Altai-Sayan Folded Belt
(Russia), south China, and Transcaucasia. 相似文献
262.
Yan Z. Voloshin Oleg A. Varzatskii Zoya A. Starikova Ekaterina G. Lebed 《Inorganica chimica acta》2006,359(2):553-569
The direct template macrocyclization of the three chloroglyoxime molecules with boron-containing Lewis acids on the iron (II) ion matrix led to the formation of a mixture of fac- and mer-isomers of clathrochelate complexes in the 1:3 ratio, which is equal to a statistical one. The yields of tris-chloroglyoximate precursors (25-40%) were practically the same as those for their earlier-studied chloromethylglyoximate analogs, whereas the reactivity of the former complex has proved to be markedly higher than that of the latter clathrochelates: the triamine clathrochelates were the major products in the reaction of (mer + fac)-Fe(ClHGm)3(BC6H5)2 and (mer + fac)-Fe(ClHGm)3(BF)2 complexes with n-butylamine, whereas for (mer + fac)-Fe(ClCH3Gm)3(BC6H5)2 clathrochelate an analogs reaction produced the diamine complex only. The mixture of the diamine clathrochelate isomers was obtained in both cases with less reactive cyclohexylamine. The reaction of the trichloride precursors with alkyl- and arylthiols in the presence of triethylamine has proceeded more readily and led to the formation of trisulfide clathrochelates.The monochloride FeBd2(ClHGm)(BF)2 complex, obtained by the condensation of the macrocyclic bis-dioximate [FeBd2(BF2)2 (CH3CN)2] with chloroglyoxime, readily underwent the nucleophilic substitution of the reactive chlorine atom with amines and thiol-containing functionalizing agents. The clathrochelate complexes with pendant substituents, containing reactive terminal HO-, H2N- and HS-groups, were obtained. Thiolate FeBd2(H(HSCH2CH2S)Gm)(BF)2 clathrochelate underwent the intramolecular elimination of ethylene sulfide in basic media to yield the clathrochelate with attached HS-group. Clathrochelates obtained have been characterized using elemental analysis, PD and MALDI-TOF mass, IR, UV-Vis, 57Fe Mössbauer and 1H, 13C and 11B NMR spectroscopies, and X-ray crystallography (for the fac-Fe(ClHGm)3(BC6H5)2 and FeBd2{H(CH3S)Gm}(BF)2 · 2C6H6 complexes). X-ray structure of a fac-isomer of clathrochelate complex was solved for the first time in this study. Configurations intermediate between trigonal prismatic and trigonal antiprismatic have been deduced for the low-spin iron (II) ion coordination polyhedra of all clathrochelates obtained using 57Fe Mössbauer parameters. 相似文献
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Anthony R. Anzell Garrett M. Fogo Zoya Gurm Sarita Raghunayakula Joseph M. Wider Kathleen J. Maheras Katlynn J. Emaus Timothy D. Bryson Madison Wang Robert W. Neumar Karin Przyklenk Thomas H. Sanderson 《Cell death & disease》2021,12(5)
Mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are constitutive and complex systems that ensure a healthy mitochondrial network through the segregation and subsequent degradation of damaged mitochondria. Disruption of these systems can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and has been established as a central mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy are integrated systems; however, the role of this relationship in the context of I/R injury remains unclear. To investigate this concept, we utilized primary cortical neurons isolated from the novel dual-reporter mitochondrial quality control knockin mice (C57BL/6-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1(CAG-mCherry/GFP)Ganl/J) with conditional knockout (KO) of Drp1 to investigate changes in mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagic flux during in vitro I/R injury. Mitochondrial dynamics was quantitatively measured in an unbiased manner using a machine learning mitochondrial morphology classification system, which consisted of four different classifications: network, unbranched, swollen, and punctate. Evaluation of mitochondrial morphology and mitophagic flux in primary neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and reoxygenation (OGD/R) revealed extensive mitochondrial fragmentation and swelling, together with a significant upregulation in mitophagic flux. Furthermore, the primary morphology of mitochondria undergoing mitophagy was classified as punctate. Colocalization using immunofluorescence as well as western blot analysis revealed that the PINK1/Parkin pathway of mitophagy was activated following OGD/R. Conditional KO of Drp1 prevented mitochondrial fragmentation and swelling following OGD/R but did not alter mitophagic flux. These data provide novel evidence that Drp1 plays a causal role in the progression of I/R injury, but mitophagy does not require Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission.Subject terms: Mitophagy, Mechanisms of disease 相似文献