Quantitative cost comparison of on-premise and cloud infrastructure based EEG data processing

Cluster Computing - High-density, high-sampling rate EEG measurements generate large amounts of measurement data. When coupled with sophisticated processing methods, this presents a storage,...     

Comparison of methods for the analysis of therapeutic immunoglobulin G Fc-glycosylation profiles—Part 1: Separation-based methods

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) crystallizable fragment (Fc) glycosylation is crucial for antibody effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics behavior. To monitor the Fc-glycosylation in bioprocess development, as well as product characterization and release analytics, reliable techniques for glycosylation analysis are needed. A wide range of analytical methods has found its way into these applications. In this study, a comprehensive comparison was performed of separation-based methods for Fc-glycosylation profiling of an IgG biopharmaceutical. A therapeutic antibody reference material was analyzed 6-fold on 2 different days, and the methods were compared for precision, accuracy, throughput and other features; special emphasis was placed on the detection of sialic acid-containing glycans. Seven, non-mass spectrometric methods were compared; the methods utilized liquid chromatography-based separation of fluorescent-labeled glycans, capillary electrophoresis-based separation of fluorescent-labeled glycans, or high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-ultra high performance liquid chromatography of 2-aminobenzamide (2-AB)-labeled glycans was used as a reference method. All of the methods showed excellent precision and accuracy; some differences were observed, particularly with regard to the detection and quantitation of minor glycan species, such as sialylated glycans.     

Fatigue failure of the sliding hip screw – clinical and biomechanical analysis

The study was aimed at the clinical and biomechanical analyses of the sliding hip screw breakage with the use of finite element method. We have identified two patients with the sliding screw breakage. In the first patient, the biomechanical analysis revealed the reduced stress values σ_HMH not exceeding the yield limit or strength limit of the implant. The yield limit was exceeded in second one. Clinical and biomechanical analyses have demonstrated that adherence to technical requirements of the appropriate osteosynthesis implementation is the principal condition of timely healing since it prevents the material failure.     

Effect of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection on anti-hapten IgE antibody response in the mouse: I. Induction of carrier specific helper cells

Inoculation of infective larvae of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis into A/J, BALB/c, and SJL mice primed intraperitoneally (ip) 3 weeks before infection with 1 μg of dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin (DNP-KLH) mixed with 1 mg Al(OH)₃ induced a carrier effect on anti-DNP IgE and IgG₁ antibody responses when the experimental mice were secondarily immunized with an ip injection of 1 μg of DNP-coupled N. brasiliensis extract (DNP-Nb) plus alum 2 weeks after infection. The magnitude of the hapten specific antibody response did not correlate rigidly with the number of larvae in the inoculum. Thus, a dose of 100 larvae was as effective in inducing the carrier effect as a dose of 800 larvae. Kinetic studies in A/J and BALB/c mice revealed that the anti-DNP IgE antibody response reached a maximum titer 7 days after the secondary immunization. These studies also showed that the enhanced IgE antibody response persisted for more than 40 days, while the response in all control groups terminated prior to that time. Using the adoptive transfer system, it was demonstrated that lymphoid cells obtained from the spleens or the mesenteric lymph nodes of infected mice cooperated with DNP-KLH primed cells to produce hapten specific IgE and IgG, antibodies when the challenge was made with DNP-Nb but not when it was made with 1 μg DNP-ovalbumin, clearly indicating carrier specificity. The helper activity of the cells obtained from infected mice was completely abolished or greatly reduced by the in vitro treatment with anti-θ serum and complement. The helper cells with maximum activity were present as early as 14 days after inoculation. The level of helper activity gradually decreased after 14 days. The results indicate that N. brasiliensis infection is effective in inducing carrier specific helper cells of thymic origin (T cells) in anti-DNP antibody responses. These results confirm those obtained by other investigators and add the new observation that N. brasiliensis infection elicits special helper T cells which induce an enhancement as well as a prolongation of anti-DNP IgE antibody response.