全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1818篇 |
免费 | 157篇 |
国内免费 | 145篇 |
专业分类
2120篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 4篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2022年 | 55篇 |
2021年 | 66篇 |
2020年 | 69篇 |
2019年 | 74篇 |
2018年 | 89篇 |
2017年 | 53篇 |
2016年 | 94篇 |
2015年 | 108篇 |
2014年 | 125篇 |
2013年 | 138篇 |
2012年 | 168篇 |
2011年 | 134篇 |
2010年 | 86篇 |
2009年 | 72篇 |
2008年 | 86篇 |
2007年 | 86篇 |
2006年 | 71篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 93篇 |
2003年 | 75篇 |
2002年 | 67篇 |
2001年 | 52篇 |
2000年 | 43篇 |
1999年 | 30篇 |
1998年 | 18篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 14篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 6篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2120条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Saeed Farzamfar Akram Hasanpour Niloufar Nazeri Hengameh Razavi Majid Salehi Shilan Shafei Vajiheh T. Nooshabadi Ahmad Vaez Arian Ehterami Hamed Sahrapeyma Jafar Ai 《Journal of cellular physiology》2019,234(8):12290-12300
Acute renal failure (ARF) is a clinical challenge that is highly resistant to treatment, and its high rate of mortality is alarming. Ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of ARF. Especially IRI is implicated in kidney transplantation and can determine graft survival. Although the exact pathophysiology of renal IRI is unknown, the role of inflammatory responses has been elucidated. Because mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have strong immunomodulatory properties, they are under extensive investigation as a therapeutic modality for renal IRI. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cell-to-cell communication. Because the regenerative potential of the MSCs can be recapitulated by their EVs, the therapeutic appeal of MSC-derived EVs has dramatically increased in the past decade. Higher safety profile and ease of preservation without losing function are other advantages of EVs compared with their producing cells. In the current review, the preliminary results and potential of MSC-derived EVs to alleviate kidney IRI are summarized. We might be heading toward a cell-free approach to treat renal IRI. 相似文献
62.
In this study, a cell line, designated as Acipenser ruthenus testis (ART), was successfully established from testis tissues of the sterlet Acipenser ruthenus and characterized by studying and comparing the expression of specific genes between the cell line and the parent gonad tissues. The results suggested that the developed ART cell line was composed of a mixture of germ cells and somatic cells. Ploidy analysis indicated that the cell line exhibited a high degree of genetic stability and that the cells remained in a good proliferating state after being subcultured to passage 80. 相似文献
63.
Jingwen Ai Haocheng Zhang Qiran Zhang Yi Zhang Ke Lin Zhangfan Fu Jieyu Song Yuanhan Zhao Mingxiang Fan Hongyu Wang Chao Qiu Yang Zhou Wenhong Zhang 《Cell research》2022,32(1):103-106
Dear Editor,
As of October,2021,SARS-CoV-2 has infected more than 230 million people;promoting roll-out vaccinations could help build herd immunity for the pand... 相似文献
64.
代谢性谷氨酸受体配体(s)-4C3HPG对大鼠脑缺血耐受性诱导的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:观察侧脑室注射代谢型谷氨酸受体1/5亚型(mGluR1/5)配体(s)-4C3HPG对海马脑缺血耐受(BIT)诱导的影响,以探讨mGLUR1/5在BIT诱导中的作用。方法:采用大鼠四血管闭塞全脑缺血模型(4-vessel occlusion,4VO),应用硫堇染色和GFAP免疫组化法。36只大鼠椎动脉凝闭后分为sham组、单纯缺血组、BIT组和(s)-4C3HPG组,其中(s)-4C3HPG组又按所给药物剂量不同,分为0.2、0.04和0.008mg三个亚组。所有动物均在手术后或末次缺血后7d处死取材观察。结果:(1)单纯8min缺血可使海马CA1区组织学分级升高、锥体神经元密度降低和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary acidic protein,GFAP)阳性表达增加(P<0.05vs sham).(2)BIT组未见单纯缺血组的上述变化,表明CIP可防止后续8min缺血造成的神经元损伤。(3)CIP的这种保护作用可被(s)-4C3HPG阻断,表现为海马CA1区组织学分级升高和锥体神经元密度降低(P<0.05 vs sham)。这种变化与(s)-4C3HPG的剂量呈现明显的相关性,即剂量越大,上述改变越明显。结论:(s)-4C3HPG可阻断CIP诱导BIT的作用,提示mGluR1/5参与BIT的诱导。 相似文献
65.
通过动脉内灌药,内支架安置双介入治疗提高对十二指肠恶性梗阻姑息性治疗的疗效。十二指肠恶性梗阻病例14例,男5例,女9例,年龄20-69岁,经口安置自膨式十二指肠金属支架共15枚,其中12例在支架安置后定期行肿瘤供血动脉插管介入化疗,所有病例梗阻症状解除,2例未行动脉灌药治疗者分别于2个月及4个月死亡,12例双介入者生存期明显延长,最短6月,最长已达一年,结论:双介入治疗能够姑息治疗疗效延长晚期瘤患 相似文献
66.
Parimal C. Sen Zhou Meng Ai Tushar K. Ray 《Archives of biochemistry and biophysics》1980,205(2):340-351
The transversal distribution of the free NH2 groups associated with phosphatidyl ethanolamine and the intrinsic membrane proteins of the purified pig gastric microsomes was quantitated and their relations to the function of the gastric K+-stimulated ATPase was investigated. Three different chemical probes such as 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (FDNB), and 2-methoxy-2,4-diphenyl-3(2H)-furanone (MDPF) were used for the study. The structure-function relationship of the membrane NH2 groups was studied after modification with the probes under various conditions and relating the inhibition of the K+-stimulated ATPase to the ATPase-dependent H+ accumulation by the gastric microsomal vesicles. TNBS (2 mm) inhibits nearly completely the K+-stimulated ATPase and the vesicular dye accumulation, both in presence and absence of valinomycin plus K+. Both the K+-ATPase and dye uptake were largely (about 50%) protected against TNBS inhibition if the treatment with TNBS was carried out in presence of 2 mm ATP. TNBS and FDNB labeled 70% of the total microsomal PE; the intra- and extravesicular orientation being 48 and 22%, respectively. The presence or absence of ATP did not have any effect on the TNBS labeling of microsomal PE. ATP, however, significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the labeling of protein-bound NH2 groups of gastric microsomes by TNBS. The intra- and extravesicular orientation of the protein NH2 groups were 60 and 40%, respectively. Eighteen percent of the total protein-NH2 appeared to be associated with the K+-stimulated ATPase; the rest being associated with non-ATPase proteins of the microsomes. About half (50%) of the total free NH2 groups of the K+-stimulated ATPase were exposed to the vesicle exterior and were found to play critical roles in gastric ATPase function. The generation of florescence after MDPF conjugation of gastric microsomes was largely (50%) inhibited by ATP. ATP also protected completely the MDPF inhibition of gastric K+-stimulated ATPase and dye uptake. 相似文献
67.
获取全长cDNA若干方法的比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
生物技术突飞猛进大大提高了人类认识自身及与人类息息相关的生命现象的能力。近几年内 ,人类 [1,2 ]、模式生物拟南芥 ( Arabidopsis thaliana) [3 5]及水稻的基因组测序 [6,7]的草图相继完成 ,给人类又提出了新的挑战 :如何鉴定这些序列的功能及如何解析生命现象的基因本质 ,这是一个更加庞大而又极富挑战性的课题 ,正促使一门新的学科即功能基因组学 ( Functional genomics)的产生与蓬勃发展。不论功能基因组学多么深奥 ,其认识基因功能的基本前提是获取可能有相关功能的基因之全长编码序列。其中 ,全长 c DNA序列的获取是正确地注释基… 相似文献
68.
目的 探讨β-连接素(β-ctenin)蛋白的表达及其与膀胱移行细胞癌组织学特征和侵袭的关系。方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测46例膀胱移行细胞癌组织中的β-ctenin的表达。结果 正常膀胱粘膜上皮细胞全部表达β-ctenin,膀胱移行细胞癌中β-ctenin的表达率分别是“+++”为52.1%(24/46),“++”为32.6%(15/46),“+”O 15.2%(7/46)。侵袭型的膀胱移行细胞癌中β-ctenin表达率是“+++”为11.1%(1/9),显著低于乳头状型者(P<0.01)。结论 β-ctenin的表达与膀胱移行细胞组织学特征及侵袭有相关性,可作为判断肿瘤恶笥肿瘤、侵袭、预后的价值指标。 相似文献
69.
70.
Sandoval A Ai R Ostresh JM Ogata RT 《Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)》2000,165(2):1066-1073
Previous studies focused on indels in the complement C345 protein family identified a number of potential protein-protein interaction sites in components C3 and C5. Here, one of these sites in C5, near the alpha-chain C terminus, was examined by alanine-scanning mutagenesis at 16 of the 18 non-alanine residues in the sequence KEALQIKYNFSF RYIYPLD. Alanine substitutions affected activities in the highly variable manner characteristic of binding sites. Substitutions at the lysine or either phenylalanine residue in the central KYNFSF sequence had the greatest effects, yielding mutants with <20% of the normal activity. These three mutants were also resistant to the classical pathway (CP) C5 convertase, with sensitivities roughly proportional to their hemolytic activities, but had normal susceptibilities to the cobra venom factor (CVF)-dependent convertase. Synthetic peptide MGKEALQIKYNFS-NH2 was found similarly to inhibit CP but not CVF convertase activation, and the effects of alanine substitutions in this peptide largely reflected those of the equivalent mutations in C5. These results indicate that residues KYNFSF form a novel, distal binding site for the CP, but not CVF convertase. This site lies approximately 880 residues downstream of the convertase cleavage site within a module that has been independently named C345C and NTR; this module is found in diverse proteins including netrins and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. 相似文献