Inhibition of DNM1L and mitochondrial fission attenuates inflammatory response in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes of rheumatoid arthritis

Mitochondrial fission and fusion are important for mitochondrial function, and dynamin 1‐like protein (DNM1L) is a key regulator of mitochondrial fission. We investigated the effect of mitochondrial fission on mitochondrial function and inflammation in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLSs) during rheumatoid arthritis (RA). DNM1L expression was determined in synovial tissues (STs) from RA and non‐RA patients. FLSs were isolated from STs and treated with a DNM1L inhibitor (mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1) or transfected with DNM1L‐specific siRNA. Mitochondrial morphology, DNM1L expression, cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, inflammatory cytokine expression and autophagy were examined. The impact of mdivi‐1 treatment on development and severity of collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) was determined in mice. Up‐regulated DNM1L expression was associated with reduced mitochondrial length in STs from patients with RA and increased RA severity. Inhibition of DNM1L in FLSs triggered mitochondrial depolarization, mitochondrial elongation, decreased cell viability, production of ROS, IL‐8 and COX‐2, and increased apoptosis. DNM1L deficiency inhibited IL‐1β–mediated AKT/IKK activation, NF‐κBp65 nuclear translocation and LC3B‐related autophagy, but enhanced NFKBIA expression. Treatment of CIA mice with mdivi‐1 decreased disease severity by modulating inflammatory cytokine and ROS production. Our major results are that up‐regulated DNM1L and mitochondrial fission promoted survival, LC3B‐related autophagy and ROS production in FLSs, factors that lead to inflammation by regulating AKT/IKK/NFKBIA/NF‐κB signalling. Thus, inhibition of DNM1L may be a new strategy for treatment of RA.     

贝莱斯芽孢杆菌SH-1471发酵条件优化及其番茄枯萎病的防治效果

【目的】贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis) SH-1471是一株兼具防控作物土传病害、促进土壤养分转化以及促进作物生长等功能的菌株(保藏编号：CCTCC No. M 2022923,专利号：ZL 2022 1 1479280.X)。挖掘其潜在的生物活性并探究其最适发酵条件,是推进该菌株产业化和商业化开发的有效手段之一。【方法】结合形态学、分子生物学、16SrRNA基因和gyrB基因对菌株SH-1471进行分类地位鉴定;利用PCR技术,对菌株抗生素合成基因检测;使用平板对峙试验和发酵液抑菌试验测定菌株抑菌广谱性;并测定其体外产酶、解磷、解钾、固氮及产铁载体能力;以菌株发酵液OD600值和抑菌率为指标,通过设计单因素试验和响应面优化试验,探究菌株的最佳发酵配方和最佳发酵条件;采用室内盆栽试验测定优化前后菌株发酵液对番茄植株的促生效果及其对番茄枯萎病的防治效果。【结果】经鉴定,SH-1471为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),具有srfA、fenB、ituA、ituD和bymA等抗生素合成基因,对番茄枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum...     

中国健康中老年女性红细胞压积参考值（温氏法）与地理因素的关系

为制定中国健康中老年女性红细胞压积参考值（温氏法）的统一标准提供科学依据。方法分析了３１２个单位１５６０８例健康中老年女性的红细胞压积参考值（温氏法）与５项地理因素的关系。结果发现随着海拔高度的逐渐增大,红细胞压积参考值也逐渐的增大;用数学回归的方法推导出了一个多元回归方程。结论可以依据红细胞压积参考值（温氏法）与地理因素的依赖关系把中国分为青藏区、西南区、西北区、东南区、华北区、东北区等６个区。     

Atomic Modulation of FeCo–Nitrogen–Carbon Bifunctional Oxygen Electrodes for Rechargeable and Flexible All‐Solid‐State Zinc–Air Battery

Rational design and exploration of robust and low‐cost bifunctional oxygen reduction/evolution electrocatalysts are greatly desired for metal–air batteries. Herein, a novel high‐performance oxygen electrode catalyst is developed based on bimetal FeCo nanoparticles encapsulated in in situ grown nitrogen‐doped graphitic carbon nanotubes with bamboo‐like structure. The obtained catalyst exhibits a positive half‐wave potential of 0.92 V (vs the reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE) for oxygen reduction reaction, and a low operating potential of 1.73 V to achieve a 10 mA cm^?2 current density for oxygen evolution reaction. The reversible oxygen electrode index is 0.81 V, surpassing that of most highly active bifunctional catalysts reported to date. By combining experimental and simulation studies, a strong synergetic coupling between FeCo alloy and N‐doped carbon nanotubes is proposed in producing a favorable local coordination environment and electronic structure, which affords the pyridinic N‐rich catalyst surface promoting the reversible oxygen reactions. Impressively, the assembled zinc–air batteries using liquid electrolytes and the all‐solid‐state batteries with the synthesized bifunctional catalyst as the air electrode demonstrate superior charging–discharging performance, long lifetime, and high flexibility, holding great potential in practical implementation of new‐generation powerful rechargeable batteries with portable or even wearable characteristic.     

马桑内酯慢性致痫大鼠海马星形胶质细胞的激活

目的：研究慢性癫痛大鼠点时海马星形胶细胞的激活情况。方法：采用马桑内酯慢性癫痫大鼠模型,观察大鼠点燃后海马NF－kBp65和胶质原纤维酸性蛋白（glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP）免疫细胞化学反应（immunoreactivity,IR)的变化。结果：点燃后1h,海马CA1区GFAR－IR开始增强,4－8h可观察到GFAP－IR阳性细胞数量增多并明显浓染。这种强GFAP－IR持续至点燃点24h点燃后1h,NF－kBp65即可在海马CA1区神经元和胶质细胞内表达,主要位于胞核内,至8h阳性神经元细胞核基本消失而可见大量NF－kBp65－IR阳性的胶质细胞,双重免疫细胞化学方法显示GFAP／NF－kBp65－IR阳性细胞在点燃后1h即可观察到,4h表达最高峰,24h恢复对照组水平。结论：马桑内酯慢性致痫大鼠点燃时星形胶质细胞表现一种早期而持续的激活,提示反复激活的星形胶质细胞对癫痫的复发可能起重要的作用。     

具促生功能拟蕈状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paramycoides) SH-1464发酵条件优化及其活性

【背景】植物根际促生菌在促进植物生长、提高植物系统抗性及改善土壤养分状况等方面具有极大的应用潜力。【目的】为微生物菌肥的开发利用提供高效微生物资源。【方法】采用稀释涂布平板法分离烟草根际土壤可培养细菌,利用PVK培养基筛选具强溶无机磷活性的菌株,结合钼锑抗比色法测定菌株溶磷活性;利用Salkowski’s比色液检测菌株产吲哚乙酸(indole acetic acid, IAA)活性;以菌株溶磷量和IAA产量为指标,采用单因素试验设计进行发酵条件优化,以得到菌株溶磷活性和产IAA的最佳发酵方案;基于种子促发芽及幼苗促生长试验验证菌株的促生效果;结合形态学、生理生化和16S rRNA基因序列对菌株进行分类学鉴定。【结果】于烟草根际土壤分离得到127个不同分类的菌株,10个菌株具溶无机磷的能力,其中菌株SH-1464溶磷活性最强,溶磷圈直径为16.11 mm,溶磷量为119.22 mg/L;Salkowski’s比色结果表明,菌株具有极强的产IAA活性,为39.88μg/mL。单因素试验结果表明,菌株SH-1464溶磷的最佳碳源为10 g/L葡萄糖,最佳氮源为0.5 g/L蛋白胨,最佳无机磷源及其添加量为2.5 g/L磷酸三钙,最佳初始pH值为7.5,温度30 ℃,转速200 r/min;菌株SH-1464产IAA最佳培养条件为：麦芽糖10 g/L,酵母粉5 g/L,NH₄NO₃ 10 g/L,氯化钾2.5 g/L,l-色氨酸0.1g/L,pH 6.5,温度30 ℃,转速180 r/min。基于单因素试验结果进行优化前后菌株溶磷量及IAA产量对比试验可知,优化后菌株的溶磷量为225.9 mg/L,提升84.5%;IAA产量为75.3μg/mL,提升88.8%。促生试验结果表明：菌株SH-1464处理下番茄种子的发芽率提高84.5%,株高提高55.1%,茎围提高32.5%,根长、根重分别提高16.4%和149%,地上部分鲜重和干重分别提高172.2%和203.6%。结合形态学和分子生物学鉴定菌株SH-1464为拟蕈状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus paramycoides,Genbank登录号为ON417365,保藏号为CCTCCM 2022924);此外,菌株还具有产蛋白酶、产纤维素酶、固氮、分泌铁载体的能力。【结论】菌株SH-1464具有强溶无机磷、固氮、分泌IAA、产蛋白酶、产纤维素酶及分泌铁载体等能力,可显著提高番茄种子的发芽率,对番茄幼苗株高、茎围、根长、根重、地上部分鲜重和干重等农艺性状具有显著促进作用,可作为高效微生物资源在微生物菌剂的开发利用等方面展现广泛应用前景。     

激活的星形胶质细胞条件培养基对大鼠杏仁核谷氨酸的影响

为探讨星形胶质细胞在癫痫发作中的作用,用肿瘤坏死因子-α（tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α）刺激纯化培养的海马星形胶持细胞,将此条件培养基（astrocytic conditioned medium,ACM)10μl注入大鼠侧脑室,观察动物的行为,脑电图及杏仁核内谷氨酸（glutamic acid,Glu)免疫组织化学反应。结果表明,侧脑室注射ACM可引起大鼠癫痫样发作,脑电图出现阵发性痫样放电;杏仁核内Glu免疫阳性反应增强,经多媒体彩色病理图分析系统（MPIAS）检测。阳性细胞面密度和平均光密度高于对照组,本实验为星形胶质细胞在癫痫复发中的作用机理提供了直接的依据。