哈尔滨城市和乡村青年居民肠道菌群多样性研究

【目的】分析居住于哈尔滨城市和乡村的青年居民肠道菌群多样性的异同。【方法】采用PCR和DGGE技术相结合的方法对生活于哈尔滨城市和乡村的青年志愿者肠道菌群多样性进行研究。基于DGGE指纹图谱,分别使用聚类和PCA分析对志愿者肠道微生物相似性进行分析,使用Shannon-Weine多样性指数(H′)、丰度(S)和均匀度(EH)对志愿者肠道微生物多样性进行分析,对图谱中具有代表性的共性和特异性条带进行胶回收和克隆测序以分析志愿者肠道微生物组成。基于PCR技术在种水平上对城乡志愿者肠道内乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属多样性进行定性分析。【结果】相似性分析显示,城乡青年居民间肠道微生物群落结构存在分开趋势,相似性小于城市或乡村青年居民内部;多样性分析显示,城乡青年居民肠道微生物多样性差异不显著;测序结果表明,城乡居民肠道微生物组成在门水平上相同,但是在种属水平上存在差异。PCR定性分析显示Lactobacillus plantarum、L.casei和L.salivarius在哈尔滨城乡青年居民肠道内检出率接近100%,Bifidobacterium longum和B.breve的检测率约90%,在哈尔滨城乡青年居民肠道内普遍存在;乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属各细菌种在城乡居民肠道中的检出频率差异不显著。【结论】哈尔滨城市和乡村青年居民肠道微生物多样性差异不显著。     

Interaction between GAMs and Mean Flow Shear During SMBI Injection into HL-2A Tokamak

Plasma Physics Reports - The interactions among geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs), mean flow, and mean flow shear were investigated using Langmuir probe arrays under periodic supersonic molecular beam...     

中国生物多样性在线数据处理平台的构建

高质量的生物多样性数据能够为生物多样性的研究与保护提供数据支撑。目前研究人员开发了大量的生物多样性数据处理软件或工具, 包括工作流系统、R语言包、Python语言包和Excel工具等, 但是使用这些软件或工具需要用户安装相应的软件客户端, 并掌握一定的编程语言、软件开发和复杂的Excel公式等知识和技能。为降低用户的学习成本和使用门槛, 本文采用了Browser/Server模式设计技术、Web技术、可视化技术、响应式开发技术、网络爬虫技术、数据处理技术和Solr智能检索技术等, 针对不同维度的生物多样性数据设计和开发了相应的数据处理模块, 构建了中国生物多样性在线数据处理平台(http://dp.iflora.cn/)。该平台能够有效地帮助科研人员对物种名称、地理位置、时间日期和经纬度等数据进行处理, 并提供数据格式转换、数据质量评测和资源统计分析等辅助功能, 帮助科研人员实现零代码和低门槛地处理生物多样性数据, 提供便捷、高效和简单的数据清洗、校正、转换和整合等数据处理渠道, 为生物多样性研究和保护提供信息化技术支持与服务。     

Development of a novel feeding regime for large scale production of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

Cytotechnology - Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) have attracted significant research interests in regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies due to their...     

Structural and functional insights into the role of a cupin superfamily isomerase in the biosynthesis of Choi moiety of aeruginosin

The 2-carboxy-6-hydroxyoctahydroindole (Choi) moiety is a hallmark of aeruginosins, a class of cyanobacterial derived bioactive linear tetrapeptides that possess antithrombotic activity. The biosynthetic pathway of Choi has yet to be resolved. AerE is a cupin superfamily enzyme that was shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of Choi, but its exact role remains unclear. This study reports the functional characterization and structural analyses of AerE. Enzymatic observation reveals that AerE can dramatically accelerate 1,3-allylic isomerization of the non-aromatic decarboxylation product of prephenate, dihydro-4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (H₂HPP). This olefin isomerization reaction can occur non-enzymatically and is the second step of the biosynthetic pathway from prephenate to Choi. The results of comparative structural analysis and substrate analogue binding geometry analysis combined with the results of mutational studies suggest that AerE employs an induced fit strategy to bind and stabilize the substrate in a particular conformation that is possibly favorable for 1,3-allylic isomerization of H₂HPP through coordinate bonds, hydrogen bonds, π–π conjugation interaction and hydrophobic interactions. All of these interactions are critical for the catalytic efficiency.     

Sensitive determination of bromhexine hydrochloride based on its quenching effect on luminol/H2O2 electrochemiluminescence system

In this paper, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behavior of luminol/H₂O₂ system in the presence of bromhexine hydrochloride (BrH) was investigated. It was found that the ECL intensity of luminol/H₂O₂ system on a platinum electrode could be intensely quenched by BrH owing to the scavenging superoxide radical ability of BrH, and therefore the sensitive determination of BrH was possible. Under optimal conditions, the quenched ECL intensity was linear to the concentration of BrH in a wide range of 0.08 to 500 μM, with a detection limit of 0.02 μM (signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) = 3). This ECL method possessed the merits of rapid, simple and sensitive, and was successfully applied to the BrH quantification in pharmaceutical preparations with satisfactory recoveries of 91.0 ± 4.0 to 106.5 ± 3.4%. The possible route of the quenched ECL of luminol/H₂O₂ in the presence of BrH was also discussed.     

AMPA受体与谷氨酸在大鼠三叉神经尾侧亚核内分布的免疫组织化学研究

本文用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法调查了４种ＡＭＰＡ受体亚单位（ＧｌｕＲ１、２／３、４）和谷氨酸（Ｇｌｕ）在大鼠三叉神经尾侧亚核（Ｖｃ）内的分布及其匹配关系。我们发现,ＧｌｕＲ１和２／３免疫阳性胞体和纤维密集分布于Ｖｃ的Ⅱ层和Ⅲ层外侧部,在Ｖｃ的其余各层呈散在性分布。ＧｌｕＲ４免疫阳性胞体和纤维在Ｖｃ各层均无分布。Ｇｌｕ免疫阳性胞体分布于Ｖｃ各层,尤以浅层（Ⅰ、Ⅱ层）密集,Ｇｌｕ免疫阳性纤维及终末结构主要分布于Ｖｃ浅层。结果表明,Ｇｌｕ免疫阳性纤维及终末样结构与ＡＭＰＡ受体免疫阳性胞体和纤维在Ｖｃ浅层的分布总体上是相互匹配的,但ＡＭＰＡ受体各亚单位在Ｖｃ内的分布存在明显的差异。本文提示,Ｖｃ内的Ｇｌｕ可能通过作用于不同的ＡＭＰＡ受体亚单位而发挥其多种生理功能     

峨嵋山冷杉森林衰退状况研究

报道和分析了峨嵋山冷杉森林的衰退状况。对冷杉种群的受害程度、分布规律、症状特点及其与海拔、特定生境、立木径级和林型的关系进行了研究分析。指出峨嵋山冷杉森林衰退是全球森林衰退的组成部份,而不是个别的或偶然的现象;肯定了当地冷杉林衰退具有某些个性特征。由此认为,导致当地冷杉衰退的主要原因可能是某种或某些作用范围广、持续时间长、发生频率高、对全球森林系统构成威胁的因素所致。