大鼠肾小球微循环活体观察实验研究

结扎大鼠一侧输尿管,复制肾盂积水模型。在冷光源－光导纤维－导光棒的透射照明下,通过显微电视系统,成功地观察到完整肾脏皮质表层肾小球及其周围血管微血流动态的清晰图像。正常肾小球呈树状分布,密集、大小均匀。高倍镜下可清楚辨认入球及出球小动脉,其血细胞流态为直线状。并发现肾小球有交替开放现象。     

硒对培养人胚肝细胞Ⅲ型前胶原,羟脯氨酸合成的影响

原代培养人胚肝细胞经１．１５６×１０￣(－７）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硒预处理４ｈ,加入２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ四氟化碳作用２０ｈ,观察硒对其Ⅲ型前胶原（ＰＣⅢ）和羟脯氨酸（Ｈｙｐ）生成的影响。结果培养液中ＰＣⅢ水平、细胞内Ｈｙｐ含量及细胞内外丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）水平均降低,与未加硒对照组比较差别有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而硒谷腕甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）活性则较对照组显著增高（Ｐ＜０．００１）,且ＰＣⅢ水平与Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐ＿Ｘ／ＭＤＡ比值呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．９１５６,Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示硒可提高Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨ－Ｐ＿Ｘ／ＭＤＡ比值,抑制脂质过氧化激发的肝细胞胶原合成。     

大脑皮层信息传输和精神分裂症

本工作用脑电图为测试手段,比较了正常人与精神分裂症病人的大脑皮层的信息传输。我们发现精神分裂病人的大脑皮层信息传输有非常特殊的现象。正常人在睁眼时大脑皮层信息传输比较活跃,当闭眼时信息传输相对减少。而精神分裂症病人则恰好相反。闭眼时信息传输很活跃而睁眼对它们产生抑制,严重的情况可与正常人深度睡眠时类似。经过近三百多例的统计分析这种差别是非常显著的。我们认为这种方法可能作为诊断精神分裂症的客观指标。     

非线性映射和聚类分析在中风病证候分类中的应用

本文用非线性映射和聚类分析方法,给出了中风病的四个类型,为中风病的证候分类提供了分析方法和信息．     

大鼠正中神经一级传入纤维在脊髓胶状质定位投射的定量分析——FRAP法

本文用抗氟化物酸性磷酸酶(FRAP)法和显微测量,对大鼠正中神经一级传入纤维在脊髓胶状质(SG)的定位投射进行了定量分析.大鼠正中神经向SG的纵向投射主要为C_5～T_1.C_5～T_1各节段SG水平向眉毛状反应带所测均值(mm)分别为0.888、0.935、0.957、0.905和 0.776,而正中神经向C_5～T_1各节段SG水平向投射所测均值(mm)分别在0～0.204、0～0.303、0～0.409、0～0.432和0～0.336的范围,这显示了正中神经投射区均位于SG的内侧带和部分中间带.     

Expression of Bcl-2 protein in the epiphyseal plate cartilage and trabecular bone of growing rats

 The protooncogene protein, Bcl-2, protects cells from apoptosis and ensures their survival in vitro by inhibiting the action of the apoptosis-inducer, Bax. Its expression in proliferative and long-lived cells in vivo also indicates that it protects against cell death. The chondrocytes of the epiphyseal plate cartilage undergo a series of maturation steps and deposit mineral in the cartilage matrix before dying. The possibility that Bcl-2 helps protect chondrocytes until mineral deposition is completed was investigated by determining the distribution of Bcl-2 immunoreactivity in the epiphyseal plate cartilage of growing rats and its subcellular localization, using a specific antibody. The involvement of Bax in the triggering of chondrocyte death was checked by immunocytochemistry. Bcl-2 expression in the osteoblasts and the final result of their evolution, the osteocytes, was also examined in trabecular bone. Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was non-uniformly distributed throughout the epiphyseal cartilage. It was maximal in proliferative chondrocytes, decreased in mature chondrocytes, and low in hypertrophic chondrocytes, whereas there was Bax immunoreactivity in all chondrocytes examined. Immunolabeling was intense in osteoblasts but considerably lower in fully differentiated osteocytes. Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was mainly in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and early osteocytes; the nuclei appeared clear. The subcellular distribution of Bcl-2 immunolabeling in chondrocytes, revealed by gold particles in the electron microscope, showed that gold particles were frequently concentrated in the mitochondria in all the cartilage zones and lay mainly within the organelles, not at their periphery. The endoplasmic reticulum contained moderate immunoreactivity and there were few gold particles in the cytoplasm and nuclei. The number of gold particles decreased in all the subcellular compartments from proliferative to hypertrophic chondrocytes. In contrast, Bax immunoreactivity changed little during chondrocyte terminal evolution, and its subcellular distribution mirrored that of Bcl-2. These immunocytochemical data indicate that Bcl-2 helps maintain chondrocytes and osteoblasts until their terminal maturation. Accepted: 19 February 1997     

Sequence variation and genetic diversity in the giant panda

About 336–444 bp mitochondrial D-loop region and tRNA gene were sequenced for 40 individuals of the giant panda which were collected from Mabian, Meigu, Yuexi, Baoxing, Pingwu, Qingchuan, Nanping and Baishuijiang, respectively. 9 haplotypes were found in 21 founders. The results showed that the giant panda has low genetic variations, and that there is no notable genetic isolation among geographical populations. The ancestor of the living giant panda population perhaps appeared in the late Pleistocene, and unfortunately, might have suffered bottleneck attacks. Afterwards, its genetic diversity seemed to recover to some extent. Project supported by the “8.5” Key Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chairman Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, K. C. Wang Education Foundation, the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Special Foundation for Returned Chinese Scientists, and Zoological Society of San Diego.     

IL－6受体结构与功能的研究进展

ＩＬ－６是一个多功能的细胞因子,其生物学作用在很大程度上受ＩＬ－６受体（ＩＬ－６Ｒ）结构和功能的影响。ＩＬ－６Ｒ由两条多肽链组成,即配体结合链ｇｐ８０和信号传导链ｇｐ１３０。它们在结构和功能上既有分工又有合作。两种亚基组成的高和力ＩＬ－６Ｒ是介导细胞效应所必需的。ＩＬ－６Ｒα中的造血功能区属于造血因子受体超家族成员,它决定着结合ＩＬ－６的能力,然而ｇｐ１３０则是多种细胞因子共用的信号传递分子,其胞     

人白细胞介素－2的两个部分拮抗剂

通过定点诱变技术得到６个生物活性剧烈下降的人白细胞介素－２（ＩＬ－２）突变体,其中两个突变体即１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可以在一定浓度范围内使ＩＬ－２的生物效应降低。在对高亲和力ＩＬ－２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）的竞争抑制实验中,１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－Ｉｌ－２又表现了一定的竞争能力。这些结果表明１５Ｖａｌ－ＩＬ－２和１２６Ａｓｐ－ＩＬ－２可部分拮抗天然ＩＬ－２的作用。结合Ｉ     

Zeta potential of protoplasts from gravireacting maize roots

Protoplasts were isolated from cortical cells of the elongating zone of maize (Zea mays L. cv. LG 11) roots and submitted to microelectrophoresis. Significant and transient differences in zeta potential between protoplasts from upper and lower root sides were compared with the gravireaction and the differential elongation of these roots. The maximum difference in the zeta potential was obtained between protoplasts from the upper and lower cortical cells after 90 min, exactly the time of gravipresentation for which the maximum rate of gravireaction was observed. In addition, this almost corresponded to the time for which the difference between the elongation rates of upper and lower sides of the extending zone began to increase. Consequently, the changes in the charges of the plasmalemma of the cortical cells from the growing part of roots could be more or less directly related to the root graviresponse.