Self-assembly and third-order optical properties of HgI2 with linear and angular bipyridine ligands

Two bis(pyridyl) ligands: N,N′-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,4-benzenedicarboxamide (bpba) and N,N′-bis(3-pyridylformyl)imidazolidine-2-thione (bpit) have been designed and synthesized. Self-assembly of the linear ligand bpba and angular ligand bpit with HgI₂ results in a one-dimensional zigzag polymer {[HgI₂(bpba)] · 1.5CH₃OH}_n (1) and a binuclear metallamacrocycle [HgI₂(bpit)]₂ · 3H₂O (2), respectively. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that in the crystal structure of 1 the linear ligand bpba is in transoid conformation, while in the crystal structure of 2 the angular ligand bpit coordinates with HgI₂ in cisoid conformation, the different geometries of the two ligands attribute to forming the dissimilar frameworks of two HgI₂ adducts. The determination of third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of 1 and 2 in DMF solution shows that adducts 1 and 2 possess strong NLO self-focusing effect. The hyperpolarizability γ values of 1 and 2 are calculated to be 2.10 × 10⁻²⁹ and 3.24 × 10⁻²⁹ esu, respectively, which are comparable to those of some NLO materials. And the result indicates that the heavier atoms Hg and I together with the polymeric aggregation play an important role in determining their NLO properties.     

福建省突颚反颚茧蜂属一新种(膜翅目:茧蜂科)(英)

笔者在整理福建省的茧蜂标本时,发现一新种:赭胸反颚茧蜂Heratemis ustulatus Wu et Chen。该新种与Heratemis vegeta(Papp)近缘,但新种的头部黑褐色,中胸背板红褐色,产卵器与腹部等长。 该新种的主要鉴别特征:雌蜂体长3.7mm。体黑褐色,中胸背板红褐色。无后头瘤,后单眼间距POL及单复眼距(OOL)分别为后单眼直径(D)的1.3和3.0倍。上颚4齿(第4齿在第1、2齿间)。第1、2鞭节长为第3鞭节的1.1和1.2倍。盾纵沟完整,伸及椭圆形的中陷;小盾片隆起,但未形成尖刺。回脉明显前叉式,小脉强烈后叉式。腹柄节长为其后端宽度的1.9倍。产卵器与腹部等长。 正模:♀,福建清流大丰山,1990-07-16,洪盛祥采集。 词源;本新种的种名“ustulatus”意指该新种的中胸背板红褐色。新种模式标本保存于福建农业大学益虫室。     

A NEW SPECIES OF GENUS HERATEMIS WALKER FROM FUJIAN PROVINCE (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE)

Abstract The present paper deals with a new species, Heratemis ustulatus Wu et Chen, collected from Fujian Province. The new species is distinguished easily from the closely related species Heratemis uegeta (Papp) by the following characters: head blackish-brown, mesonotum reddish-brown, length of ovipositor equal to abdomen. Type specimen is deposited in Beneficial Insects Lab., Fujian Agricultural University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province.     

Total flavonoids from the Carya cathayensis Sarg. leaves inhibit HUVEC senescence through the miR-34a/SIRT1 pathway

Aging shows a significant relationship with changed vascular structure and function, and advancing age is a major nonmodifiable risk factor in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. The senescence of endothelial cells is one of the hallmarks of vascular aging and can induce vascular dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the effect of total flavonoids (TFs) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) senescence and identify the potential mechanisms involved. A HUVEC senescence model was induced by angiotensin II. The senescence markers, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), p53, p21, and stagnate G0/G1, were measured. The effects of TFs on miR-34/ SIRT1 were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and Western blot analysis. TFs decreased the percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells and resulted in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, while the percentage of cells in the S phase increased. Furthermore, TFs reduced miR-34a expression and increased the expression of SIRT1. After treatment with TFs and a miR-34a inhibitor, the percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells and the expression of miR-34a decreased, and the expression of SIRT1 increased. The TFs inhibited HUVEC senescence, and the mechanism was related to the miR-34a/Sirtuin1 pathway.     

腾格里沙漠人工植被区掘穴蚁(Formica cunicularia)的生态功能

掘穴蚁（Formica cunieularia）营筑丘活动,并通过营巢活动影响土壤的物理化学特性,是中国干旱和半干旱地区营巢的优势蚁类。在沙坡头人工固沙植被区调查了掘穴蚁对不同固沙年代和不同地形人工固沙区土壤的影响;研究了掘穴蚁的营巢活动对土壤水分、理化性质和种子库的影响。 研究结果表明：随着固沙年代的延长,掘穴蚁的筑丘活动加强;掘穴蚁筑丘活动对地形的选择顺序依次分别为：丘间低地〉迎风坡〉丘顶〉背风坡;与邻近土壤相比,蚁丘的土壤含水量升高,土壤容重（0～10cm深）、有机质、电导率、全氮、全磷、全钾、可溶性氮、可溶性磷和可溶性钾在蚁丘富集;土壤容重（10～20cm深）和pH值下降;蚁丘对土壤种子库有明显影响（p〈0．01）,种子密度和多样性指数在不同取样点间的大小顺序为：苔藓结皮上的蚁丘〉苔藓结皮〉地衣结皮上的蚁丘〉地衣结皮。 在沙坡头人工固沙植被区,由于生态环境的改善,特别是土壤环境的提高,导致掘穴蚁大量定居,它的筑巢对土壤具有反馈作用,这种反馈作用导致土壤异质性增强,改善了土壤环境的状况,加速了土壤和植被的演变。     

Mapping of a BYDV resistance gene from Thinopyrum intermedium in wheat background by molecular markers

The wheat line H960642 is a homozygous wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium translocation line with resistance to BYDV by genomie in situ hybridization (GISH) and RFLP analysis. The genomie DNA of Th. intermedium was used as a probe, and eonunon wheat genomie DNA as a blocking in GISH experiment. The results showed that the chromosome segments of Th. intermedium were transferred to the distal end of a pair of wheat chromosomes. RFLP analysis indicated that the transloeation line H960642 is a T7DS·7DL-7XL translocation by using 8 probes mapped on the homoeologous group 7 in wheat. The tranalocation breakpoint is located between Xpsr680 and Xpsr965 about 90—99 cM from the centromere. The RFLP markers psr680 and psr687 were closoly linked with the BYDV resistance gene. The gene is located on the distal end of 7XL around Xpsr680 and Xpsr687.     

Mapping of a BYDV resistance gene from Thinopyrum intermedium in wheat background by molecular markers

The wheat line H960642 is a homozygous wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium translocation line with resistance to BYDV by genomicin situ hybridization (GISH) and RFLP analysis. The genomic DNA ofTh. intermedium was used as a probe, and common wheat genomic DNA as a blocking in GISH experiment. The results showed that the chromosome segments ofTh. intermedium were transferred to the distal end of a pair of wheat chromosomes. RFLP analysis indicated that the translocation line H960642 is a T7DS-7DL-7XL translocation by using 8 probes mapped on the homoeologous group 7 in wheat. The translocation breakpoint is located between Xpsr680 and Xpsr965 about 90–99 cM from the centromere. The RFLP markers psr680 and psr687 were closely linked with the BYDV resistance gene. The gene is located on the distal end of 7XL around Xpsr680 and Xpsr687. Project supported by the 863 program and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 39680027).     

电穿孔法转化完整酵母的研究

本文用酿酒酵母（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｏｍｙｃｅｓ ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ）作材料,探讨了电穿孔转化完整酵母的几个条件。其中电场强度及脉冲时间是两个最重要的参数。在２ｋｖ／ｃｍ,９ｍｓ时获得１０＾４转化子／ｕｇＤＮＡ的转化率。转化率还与所采用的菌株与质粒等条件有关。此技术简便迅速。     

干旱半干旱地区人工固沙灌木林生态系统演变特征

应用实验生态学方法分析了沙坡头地区栽植于1956、1964、1981、1987年的无灌溉人工植被固沙群落浅层土壤分形特征、植被盖度、物种特征、生物量、土壤水分、土壤微生物,以及群落土壤物理和土壤养分特征,并与流动沙丘进行比较。结果表明,在干旱半干旱的草原化荒漠地区,首先利用半隐蔽式草方格沙障对流动沙丘进行固定,然后栽植灌木柠条、花棒等和半灌木油蒿,经过40多年的稳定演变,该区域逐渐形成由矮灌木与草本植物覆盖,以及隐花植物与微生物土壤结皮复合的固定沙丘景观。在人工植被固沙防护体系稳定演变过程中,浅表层土壤的细粒化和养分富集化特征,微生物土壤结皮与亚表层土壤厚度,以及浅表层土壤体积含水率均随固沙年限的延长趋于显著增加。而土壤微生物数量、植被盖度、植物种数等生物群落学属性在固沙年限达40a左右时,已趋于最大,尔后呈缓慢下降趋势。随着固沙年限的增加,灌木树种不断衰退减少,当固沙年限逾17a之后,群落生物量增至峰值后略有下降。土壤分形维数与土壤粘粒含量呈显著正相关关系,流动沙丘被人工植被固定年代越久远,浅表层(0~3cm)土壤粘粒含量(4.50%)越高,其分形维数越大(D=2.4083),表明人工植被固沙防护体系浅表层土壤结构变得越紧实,流动沙丘(D=2.0484)在人工植被的固定作用下,发生逆转的趋势越显著,沙丘日趋固定。     

沙漠人工植被区的蒸发蒸腾

研究于2003年6月至8月在沙坡头沙漠试验研究站的水分平衡观测场进行。利用微型蒸渗仪结合大型称重式土壤蒸渗仪测定了流沙、油蒿(A rtem isia ord osica)和柠条(C arag ana korsh insk ii)3类样地的土壤蒸发;油蒿和柠条的蒸腾利用表面覆盖油毡的大型非称重式蒸渗池和气孔计测定;同时对降水量、流沙渗漏量、0~200cm土层的土壤含水量进行了观测。结果表明:在沙漠人工植被区由于植被比较稀疏,土壤蒸发不受植株遮阴的影响,但不同样地的蒸发量是有差异的,样地和位置间的互作效应差异不显著;在沙漠区有很大比例的蒸发发生在稀少的降水事件之后。气孔计测定的蒸腾速率经单位换算统一,用多项式拟合得到日变化曲线均达到显著水平(p<0.05);将蒸渗池和气孔计2种方法测定结果方差分析表明油蒿的蒸腾均高于柠条的(p<0.05),测定方法间(蒸渗池和气孔计)差异不显著;从而说明本研究以叶面积指数和植物冠层盖度为基础进行叶片与种群间的尺度转换是可行的。2003年6月至8月期间,该区的降水量为159.1mm,渗漏量为48.5mm,裸沙蒸发量为63.0mm;油蒿样地的蒸发量、蒸腾量和蒸散量分别为54.1mm、59.0mm和119.4mm;柠条样地的蒸发量、蒸腾量和蒸散量分别为59.5mm、56.4mm和127.6mm。