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151.
The effects of long-duration, low-temperature ground transportation on physiological and biochemical indicators of stress in mice 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shim SB Lee SH Kim CK Kim BG Kim YK Jee SW Lee SH Sin JS Bae CJ Lee BC Jang MK Cho JS Chae KR Hwang DY 《Lab animal》2008,37(3):121-126
Transportation can cause stress to laboratory animals and alter physiological characteristics that may confound experimental results. The authors investigated stress-related effects of 3-4 h of transportation by truck in two strains of mice (C57BL/6, which are known to be aggressive, and ICR, which are less aggressive). Transported mice had sufficient space and access to water, though temperature in the truck was lower than what is usually recommended. Transportation affected the following parameters in both strains of mice: (i) serum corticosterone concentrations, (ii) expression of the chaperone proteins Hsp70 and Grp78 in various tissues and (iii) concentrations of serological enzymes that are associated with liver disease. These parameters also differed substantially between the two strains of mice. 相似文献
152.
Kim HO Yoo SJ Ahn HS Choi WJ Moon HR Lee KM Chun MW Jeong LS 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2004,14(9):2091-2093
Fluoro-DHCeA (4) was efficiently synthesized from d-cyclopentenone derivative 5 using electrophilic fluorination as a key step. Fluoro-DHCeA (4) was found to be as potent as DHCeA (3), but exhibited irreversible inhibition of enzyme unlike DHCeA (3) showing reversible inhibition. From this study, 4(')-hydroxymethyl groups of neplanocin A and fluoro-neplanocin A played an important role in binding to the active site of the enzyme. 相似文献
153.
Lee OS Lee B Park N Koo JC Kim YH Prasad D T Karigar C Chun HJ Jeong BR Kim DH Nam J Yun JG Kwak SS Cho MJ Yun DJ 《Phytochemistry》2003,62(7):1073-1079
The antifungal activity of hevein-like proteins has been associated with their chitin-binding activities. Pn-AMP1 and Pn-AMP2, two hevein homologues from Pharbitis nil, show in vitro antifungal activities against both chitin and non-chitin containing fungi. Purified Pn-AMPs retained antifungal activities only under non-reducing conditions. When Pn-AMP2 cDNA was constitutively expressed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants under the control of CaMV35S promoter, the transgenic plants showed enhanced resistance against both the non-chitinous fungus Phytophthora capsici, and the chitin-containing fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Thus, the chitin component in the fungal cell wall is not an absolute requirement for Pn-AMP's antifungal activities. These results when considered together suggest that Pn-AMPs have the potential for developing transgenic plants resistant to a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi. 相似文献
154.
Novel D-2'-azido-2',3'-dideoxyarabinofuranosyl-4'-thiopyrimidines and purines have been synthesized, starting from L-xylose via azidation at the 2'-position as a key step. Most of the final nucleosides exhibited toxicity-dependent anti-HIV-1 activity, among which D-alpha-adenine analogue was found to be the most cytotoxic. 相似文献
155.
Chun MW Kim MJ Kim HO Moon HR Kim HD Kim JH Jeong LS 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2003,22(5-8):719-721
Pyrimidine nucleosides fused with 3',4'-tetrahydrofuran ring were synthesized, starting from 1,2;5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose and assayed for antiviral activities. Thymine analogue 1 and its corresponding 2'-deoxy analogue 3 exhibited high cytotoxicity instead of giving antiviral activities. 相似文献
156.
Kim HO Lim MH Park JG Moon HR Jacobson KA Kim HD Chun MW Jeong LS 《Nucleosides, nucleotides & nucleic acids》2003,22(5-8):923-925
Synthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-fluoro-N6-substituted adenosines as bioisosteres of Cl-IB-MECA and their binding affinities to A3 adenosine receptor are described. 相似文献
157.
Imwong M Nair S Pukrittayakamee S Sudimack D Williams JT Mayxay M Newton PN Kim JR Nandy A Osorio L Carlton JM White NJ Day NP Anderson TJ 《International journal for parasitology》2007,37(8-9):1013-1022
Populations of Plasmodium falciparum show striking differences in linkage disequilibrium, population differentiation and diversity, but only fragmentary data exists on the genetic structure of Plasmodium vivax. We genotyped nine tandem repeat loci bearing 2-8 bp motifs from 345 P. vivax infections collected from three Asian countries and from five locations in Colombia. We observed 9-37 alleles per locus and high diversity (He=0.72-0.79, mean=0.75) in all countries. Numbers of multiple clone infections varied considerably: these were rare in Colombia and India, but > 60% of isolates carried multiple alleles in at least one locus in Thailand and Laos. However, only one or two of the nine loci show >1 allele in many samples, suggesting that mutation within infections may result in overestimation of true multiple carriage rates. Identical nine-locus genotypes were frequently found in Colombian populations, contributing to strong linkage disequilibrium. These identical genotypes were strongly clustered in time, consistent with epidemic transmission of clones and subsequent breakdown of allelic associations, suggesting high rates of inbreeding and low effective recombination rates in this country. In contrast, identical genotypes were rare and loci were randomly associated in all three Asian populations, consistent with higher rates of outcrossing and recombination. We observed low but significant differentiation between different Asian countries (standardized FST = 0.13-0.45). In comparison, we see greater differentiation between collection locations within Colombia (standardized FST = 0.4-0.7), and strong differentiation between continents (standardized FST = 0.48-0.79). The observed heterogeneity in multiple clone carriage rates, linkage disequilibrium and population differentiation are similar in some, but not all, respects to those observed in P. falciparum, and have important implications for the design of association mapping studies, and interpretation of P. vivax epidemiology. 相似文献
158.
Ensel Oh Yoon-La Choi Mi Jeong Kwon Ryong Nam Kim Yu Jin Kim Ji-Young Song Kyung Soo Jung Young Kee Shin 《PloS one》2015,10(12)
Formalin fixing with paraffin embedding (FFPE) has been a standard sample preparation method for decades, and archival FFPE samples are still very useful resources. Nonetheless, the use of FFPE samples in cancer genome analysis using next-generation sequencing, which is a powerful technique for the identification of genomic alterations at the nucleotide level, has been challenging due to poor DNA quality and artificial sequence alterations. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing of matched frozen samples and FFPE samples of tissues from 4 cancer patients and compared the next-generation sequencing data obtained from these samples. The major differences between data obtained from the 2 types of sample were the shorter insert size and artificial base alterations in the FFPE samples. A high proportion of short inserts in the FFPE samples resulted in overlapping paired reads, which could lead to overestimation of certain variants; >20% of the inserts in the FFPE samples were double sequenced. A large number of soft clipped reads was found in the sequencing data of the FFPE samples, and about 30% of total bases were soft clipped. The artificial base alterations, C>T and G>A, were observed in FFPE samples only, and the alteration rate ranged from 200 to 1,200 per 1M bases when sequencing errors were removed. Although high-confidence mutation calls in the FFPE samples were compatible to that in the frozen samples, caution should be exercised in terms of the artifacts, especially for low-confidence calls. Despite the clearly observed artifacts, archival FFPE samples can be a good resource for discovery or validation of biomarkers in cancer research based on whole-exome sequencing. 相似文献
159.
Jae Won Hong Cheol Ryong Ku Jung Hyun Noh Kyung Soo Ko Byoung Doo Rhee Dong-Jun Kim 《PloS one》2015,10(3)
Background
Recent studies have indicated that low UACR levels (<30 μg/mg) previously considered to be in the normal range (‘low-grade albuminuria’) are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the general population.Methods
We studied 9,736 participants with albuminuria in the normal range from the 2011–2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).Results
The weighted prevalences of metabolic syndrome (MS) and the 10-year risk for coronary heart disease measured using the Framingham risk score (FRS) ≥ 20% (high risk) were 22.5 ± 0.7% and 14.5 ± 0.7%, respectively, in males and 23.3 ± 0.8% and 8.5 ± 0.4%, respectively in females. Weighted comparisons among the tertiles of UACR revealed that the prevalences of MS and high-risk FRS increased with increasing UACR (MS: males, 15.9 ± 1.1, 20.2 ± 1.2, 32.4 ± 1.5%, respectively; P < 0.001; and females, 17.6 ± 1.0, 22.7 ± 1.0, 30.2 ± 1.4%, respectively; P < 0.001. High-risk FRS: males, 9.5 ± 0.7, 12.3 ± 0.9, 22.5 ± 1.2, respectively; P < 0.001; and females, 5.8 ± 0.6, 7.9 ± 0.7, 12.0 ± 0.9%, respectively; P < 0.001). The positive association persisted after adjusting for hypertension and diabetes. The weighted comparisons among the deciles of UACR revealed that the prevalences of MS and high-risk FRS began to increase at the ranges of 3.89–5.15 and 5.16–7.36 mg/g Cr, respectively.Conclusion
Low-grade albuminuria was significantly associated with estimated cardiovascular risk and MS in a nationally representative sample of Koreans. 相似文献160.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is one of representative neurotrophic factors for the survival of dopaminergic neurons. Its effects are primarily mediated via CNTF receptor α (CNTFRα). It is still unclear whether the levels of CNTFRα change in the substantia nigra of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, but CNTF expression shows the remarkable decrease in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), suggesting that the support of CNTF/CNTFRα signaling pathway may be a useful neuroprotective strategy for the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projection in the adult brain. Here, we report that transduction of rat SNpc dopaminergic neurons by adeno-associated virus with a gene encoding human ras homolog enriched in brain (hRheb), with an S16H mutation [hRheb(S16H)], significantly upregulated the levels of both CNTF and CNTFRα in dopaminergic neurons. Moreover, the hRheb(S16H)-activated CNTF/CNTFRα signaling pathway was protective against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced neurotoxicity in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic projections. These results suggest that activation of CNTF/CNTFRα signaling pathway by specific gene delivery such as hRheb(S16H) may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of PD. 相似文献